This document summarizes a project studying cephalopod habitats in two marine protected areas in Spain. In the PNIAG area, researchers found: 1) Octopus vulgaris preferentially spawn in spring/summer in shallow areas of the Cíes Islands; 2) Juvenile O. vulgaris inhabit depths of 5-21m in Rodas Inlet; 3) Cannibalism was observed among O. vulgaris. In the PNC area, studies found Loligo vulgaris spawn year-round but peak in spring, preferring depths of 15-50m and areas with sandy bottoms. Researchers recommend protecting key habitats and closing fisheries seasonally or spatially to improve management.
A diachronic study on the evolution of the main ecosystems Tassili / Ahaggar ...Sahara Conservation Fund
Presented during the 17h Annual Sahelo-Saharan Interest Group Meeting organized by the NGO Sahara Conservation Fund in Senegal, from 4 to 6 May 2017. The Sahara Conservation Fund (SCF) gathers every year about a hundred people who are interested in the field of Sahelo-Saharan species conservation.
A diachronic study on the evolution of the main ecosystems Tassili / Ahaggar ...Sahara Conservation Fund
Presented during the 17h Annual Sahelo-Saharan Interest Group Meeting organized by the NGO Sahara Conservation Fund in Senegal, from 4 to 6 May 2017. The Sahara Conservation Fund (SCF) gathers every year about a hundred people who are interested in the field of Sahelo-Saharan species conservation.
Presented during the 17h Annual Sahelo-Saharan Interest Group Meeting organized by the NGO Sahara Conservation Fund in Senegal, from 4 to 6 May 2017. The Sahara Conservation Fund (SCF) gathers every year about a hundred people who are interested in the field of Sahelo-Saharan species conservation.
Evaluation of the oyster farming potential of the Cintra bay (southern Morocco)Origins publication
The bay of Cintra is a marine ecosystem located in the southern Moroccan Atlantic known for its
biological richness and therefore for its high fishery productivity. This bay was chosen as a new destination for the
development of aquaculture in the southern regions of Morocco. To highlight its potential in terms of oyster
farming, a first rearing trial of triploid cupped oysters (Crassostrea gigas) as well as parallel monitoring of the
phytoplankton population and ecological parameters were undertaken. The results obtained showed that the oysters
adapt well to the conditions of the new environment where mortality was negligible, or even absent after a month
of launching. In terms of biological performance, the growth of individuals is continuous during the annual cycle
and after eight months the weight could reach 30.5 g which is a minimum weight for marketing. The AFNOR and
Lawrence and Scott indices showed a good physiological state and a better commercial quality of the oysters. The
filling rate of these oysters, with an average weight of 39.7g when lifting, is very high according to the Lawrence and
Scott index (126.3) and the average AFNOR index (around 21.8) rank them in the “Special” category.
Analyses of Community Attributes of Meiofauna Under A Pollution Regime in the...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
— Meiofauna community attributes of the lower Bonny estuary was investigated under a pollution regime. This is germane because of the strategic importance of meiofauna in the food chain and the sustenance of any aquatic ecosystem. Five stations representing diverse land based activities such as refuse dump site, fuel depot, fishing-landing areas, residential housing and a station located upstream (control) were chosen for investigation. The meiofauna samples were collected from sediments in three replicate spots per station per sampling months at low tide. Sediment samples were stirred through (63-212nm) meshes to separate meiofauna and organic debris. Meiofauna samples were processed by first washing Meiofauna through a sieve of fine mesh size made of silk material, in order to wash off formation and excess silt or mud. Meiofauna samples were sorted out and identified using standard keys. Result from field studies indicate that meiofauna population abundance and diversity varied slightly between stations and seasons. There was however, no established trend. Meiofauna were generally more abundant in the rainy season than in the dry season. In general, pollution indicator meiofaunal taxa were more in all stations except the control station; the increasing impact of pollutants in the river led to a rise in the relative abundance of r-strategist genera like Chromadora. We conclude that the application of meiofaunal indices can be a useful tool for assessing the environmental quality of estuarine ecosystems.
Phylum Mollusca-my report..
sorry for some overlapping of texts... i was not able to edit it..it is actually because of the animations that i put it..... i just uploaded it directly :)
Presented during the 17h Annual Sahelo-Saharan Interest Group Meeting organized by the NGO Sahara Conservation Fund in Senegal, from 4 to 6 May 2017. The Sahara Conservation Fund (SCF) gathers every year about a hundred people who are interested in the field of Sahelo-Saharan species conservation.
Evaluation of the oyster farming potential of the Cintra bay (southern Morocco)Origins publication
The bay of Cintra is a marine ecosystem located in the southern Moroccan Atlantic known for its
biological richness and therefore for its high fishery productivity. This bay was chosen as a new destination for the
development of aquaculture in the southern regions of Morocco. To highlight its potential in terms of oyster
farming, a first rearing trial of triploid cupped oysters (Crassostrea gigas) as well as parallel monitoring of the
phytoplankton population and ecological parameters were undertaken. The results obtained showed that the oysters
adapt well to the conditions of the new environment where mortality was negligible, or even absent after a month
of launching. In terms of biological performance, the growth of individuals is continuous during the annual cycle
and after eight months the weight could reach 30.5 g which is a minimum weight for marketing. The AFNOR and
Lawrence and Scott indices showed a good physiological state and a better commercial quality of the oysters. The
filling rate of these oysters, with an average weight of 39.7g when lifting, is very high according to the Lawrence and
Scott index (126.3) and the average AFNOR index (around 21.8) rank them in the “Special” category.
Analyses of Community Attributes of Meiofauna Under A Pollution Regime in the...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
— Meiofauna community attributes of the lower Bonny estuary was investigated under a pollution regime. This is germane because of the strategic importance of meiofauna in the food chain and the sustenance of any aquatic ecosystem. Five stations representing diverse land based activities such as refuse dump site, fuel depot, fishing-landing areas, residential housing and a station located upstream (control) were chosen for investigation. The meiofauna samples were collected from sediments in three replicate spots per station per sampling months at low tide. Sediment samples were stirred through (63-212nm) meshes to separate meiofauna and organic debris. Meiofauna samples were processed by first washing Meiofauna through a sieve of fine mesh size made of silk material, in order to wash off formation and excess silt or mud. Meiofauna samples were sorted out and identified using standard keys. Result from field studies indicate that meiofauna population abundance and diversity varied slightly between stations and seasons. There was however, no established trend. Meiofauna were generally more abundant in the rainy season than in the dry season. In general, pollution indicator meiofaunal taxa were more in all stations except the control station; the increasing impact of pollutants in the river led to a rise in the relative abundance of r-strategist genera like Chromadora. We conclude that the application of meiofaunal indices can be a useful tool for assessing the environmental quality of estuarine ecosystems.
Phylum Mollusca-my report..
sorry for some overlapping of texts... i was not able to edit it..it is actually because of the animations that i put it..... i just uploaded it directly :)
RESEARCH Open AccessSharing fishers´ ethnoecological knowl.docxverad6
RESEARCH Open Access
Sharing fishers´ ethnoecological knowledge
of the European pilchard (Sardina
pilchardus) in the westernmost fishing
community in Europe
Heitor de Oliveira Braga1,2*, Miguel Ângelo Pardal1 and Ulisses Miranda Azeiteiro3
Abstract
Background: With the present difficulties in the conservation of sardines in the North Atlantic, it is important to
investigate the local ecological knowledge (LEK) of fishermen about the biology and ecology of these fish. The
ethnoecological data of European pilchard provided by local fishermen can be of importance for the management
and conservation of this fishery resource. Thus, the present study recorded the ethnoecological knowledge of S.
pilchardus in the traditional fishing community of Peniche, Portugal.
Methods: This study was based on 87 semi-structured interviews conducted randomly from June to September
2016 in Peniche. The interview script contained two main points: Profile of fishermen and LEK on European
pilchard. The ethnoecological data of sardines were compared with the scientific literature following an emic-etic
approach. Data collected also were also analysed following the union model of the different individual
competences and carefully explored to guarantee the objectivity of the study.
Results: The profile of the fishermen was investigated and measured. Respondents provided detailed informal data
on the taxonomy, habitat, behaviour, migration, development, spawning and fat accumulation season of sardines
that showed agreements with the biological data already published on the species. The main uses of sardines by
fishermen, as well as beliefs and food taboos have also been mentioned by the local community.
Conclusions: The generated ethnoecological data can be used to improve the management of this fishery
resource through an adaptive framework among the actors involved, in addition to providing data that can be
tested in further ecological studies. Therefore, this local knowledge may have the capacity to contribute to more
effective conservation actions for sardines in Portugal.
Keywords: Ethnoecology, Folk knowledge, Fishermen, European pilchard, Participatory management
Background
Human populations have forced marine coastal ecosystems
to differ from their historical states, which were character-
ized by diversified and productive communities [1]. One of
the biggest human impacts has been overfishing, which has
progressively reduced stocks, geographically expanded its
range and disguises itself through new and improved
technologies [2].
In marine ecosystems, pelagic fish are recognized as
abundant in productive fishing areas, both on a large scale
and on a small scale [3], and are characterized by a history
of large fluctuations in their populations, both due to
overfishing as well as environmental factors [4]. Within
this group of fish, we have small pelagic species, such as
sardines and anchovies, which are abundant in several
productive regions of the ocean .
Carrying Capacity for Pinctada maxima (Jameson 1901) Farming in Sathean Bay, ...IJAEMSJORNAL
Sathean Bay is a small, semi-enclosed waters which have been utilized as an area for pearl oyster farming using floating long line method. The growth of pearl oysters are affected by the availability of food (phytoplankton) in the waters. The phytoplankton own self is highly affected by N and P in the waters. This study aims to assess the carrying capacity of the Sathean Bay for pearl oysters farming for three different size group pearl oyster based on the nutrient balance which was the ratio between N and P are available in the waters and in the pearl oyster tissue. The study was conducted from April to September 2016 in nine sampling sites of Sathean Bay, Southeast Maluku. The result showed the smallest group size of pearl oyster(5 ± 2 cm) had the highest carrying capacity among the other two size group (13 ± 2 cm, 18 ± 2 cm). The carrying capacity of pearl oyster based nitrogen level(DIN) in the waters was always greater than the carrying capacity based on DIP level for all size groups of pearl oyster.
Havbyen Bergen og havlandet Norge – kunnskap, teknologi og forvaltning for ha...First Tuesday Bergen
Havbyen Bergen og havlandet Norge – kunnskap, teknologi og forvaltning for havet
Dr. Geir Lasse Taranger - nestleder og forskningsdirektør Akvakultur, teknologi og miljø @ Havforskningsinstituttet
Taranger tar kort for seg Havforskningsinstituttet nasjonale og internasjonale rolle innen marin forskning og rådgivning, og da særlig hvordan Havforskningsinstituttet kan spille sammen med andre aktører i Bergensregionen for å realisere visjonene om mer bærekraftig bruk av havet og den framtidige havøkonomien. Norge ligger i front når det gjelder kunnskapsutvikling om bærekraftig bruk og forvaltning av havene, og kan være med å bidra til at en større del av matproduksjonen kan skje i havene ved bedre forvaltning av de marine biologiske ressursene og ved utvikling av akvakultur. Marin kunnskap, kompetanse, forvaltningssystem og teknologi kan bli stadig viktigere eksportvarer fra Norge.
Taranger har over 30 års erfaring innen forskning og rådgivning knyttet til akvakultur, marint miljø og havbruksteknologi. Han har bakgrunn fra bl.a. Universitetet i Bergen, Norges forskningsråd og som ekspert i det Europeiske mattilsynet. Hoveddelen av hans arbeid har vært knyttet til forskning og innovasjon innen havbruk og bioteknologi i Norge og Europa som forskningsleder på Havforskningsinstituttet. I de seinere årene har han særlig arbeidet med forskning og rådgiving knyttet til risikovurdering av norsk akvakultur og utvikling av det nye reguleringssystemet for havbruksnæringen. Taranger er også styremedlem i Stiftelsen Industrilaboratoriet.
MAB-IHP Regional Symposium: Managing Water Resources in Biosphere Reserves in...UNESCO Venice Office
Heidi C. Hauffe, Stefano Zanoni, Wildlife in the water: Innovative biodiversity monitoring in the wetlands of the Ledro Alps and Judicaria UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, Italy
Venice, 16-17 December 2021
Overall responsibility for the views and opinions expressed in the slides is taken by the authors
Pathogenic Bacteria in Corals from Veracruz Reef System National Park IJMER
The Veracruz Reef System National Park (PNSAV) is situated in front of Veracruz-Boca del
Río and Antón Lizardo conurbation with approximately 65,516 hectares. In 1992 this reef system was
declared a Natural Protected Area and in 2006 it became Biosphere reserve. Despite this recognition,
the PNSAV is exposed to anthropogenic effects such as river discharge, port traffic, tourism, and waste
discharges; all this causes sediment and bacteria, which affect corals. Studies conducted by PNSAV
show the presence of diseases and syndromes in scleractinian corals but do not denote the causal agent
of the disease. For this reason, the present study aimed to make the diagnosis of bacteria causing
damages to the scleractinian coral and its relation to discharges from areas of influence of PNSAV. 12
fixed 80 meter transects were established and coral samples were collected from the genera:
Colpophyllia, Montastraea, Porites and Siderastrea. The lesions identified as criteria for the collection
were bands, marks and spots on the body of the coral. The sample was run in duplicate, both the affected
and the visually healthy. A microbiological analysis of wastewater from point sources of pollution was
performed. The coral and water samples were analyzed by simple PCR in laboratory of the Instituto
Tecnológico de Boca del Río in Veracruz (ITBOCA). Primers of pathogenic bacteria include species of
the genera Oscillatoria, Vibrio, Serratia y Aurantimonas. There was a positive presence of Vibrio
bacteria with an 87% in the water samples and a 27.1% in coral tissue. The bacteria Serratia
marcescens was only present in water samples and the Aurantimona coralicida in diseased coral tissue.
It was also noted that there is a relationship in bacteria in the positive presence of 3-point sources of
pollution and coral tissue.
Sea cows in the Sahel : research and conservation on the African Manatee in t...Sahara Conservation Fund
Presented during the 17h Annual Sahelo-Saharan Interest Group Meeting organized by the NGO Sahara Conservation Fund in Senegal, from 4 to 6 May 2017. The Sahara Conservation Fund (SCF) gathers every year about a hundred people who are interested in the field of Sahelo-Saharan species conservation.
Promoting oyster aquaculture in Ghana: Strategies for optimising seed collect...Ernest Chuku
A presentation on the procurement of wild seed (spat) of the mangrove oyster, Crassostrea tulipa, in coastal water bodies along the coast of Ghana, West Africa. The slide covers spatial and temporal variations in spatfall in the Densu Delta, Narkwa Lagoon, Benya Lagoon and Whin Estuary from November 2017 to October 2018. A comparison of the effectiveness of locally available spat collectors is also presented. The slide contains information on typical fouling organisms in oyster farming in the tropics. Growth rates of oysters are also compared among the different water bodies and on different collectors.
Fiji Butterflyfish Presentation at FICSFStuart Gow
The 2009 inaugural Fiji Islands Conservation Science Forum (FICSF) provided an excellent platform for the Butterflyfish Count organizing committee to present its findings to the greater scientific and conservation organizations in Fiji as well as to the general public. The presentation was made by Chinnamma Reddy on behalf of the committee.
Aquatic ecosystems are hot spots of most terrestrial biodiversity. They interact with their surrounding terrestrial area through food webs and habitat resources. The aquatic ecosystems also attract a wide range of other fauna including wading and migrating birds, amphibians, riparian mammals and insects. Furthermore, aquatic ecosystems have ability to recycle nutrients of wastewater. Despite many benefits they have, their potentiality in the rehabilitation of quarries is not well recognized. The recent effort on the rehabilitation of quarry site is mostly focused on terrestrial plants despite the fact that quarries life are heterogeneous ecosystems. Owing to this reason, there is a need of using the potential of aquatic ecosystems to enhance the rehabilitation of quarries sites. The present project is therefore focused on establishing the aquatic ecosystem at Wazo hill quarry.
The project won the 1st Prize in National Quarry Life Award in 2014 in Tanzania.
Read more: http://www.quarrylifeaward.com/project/potential-use-aquatic-ecosystems-enhancement-rehabilitation-mining-sites
Aquifers in the sustainability of Small Island Developing StatesShammy Puri
In in depth review of the views of experts for enhancing the management of aquifers in SIDS, the capacity building needs, management of saline intrusion,
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
CEFAPARQUES PROJECT: ICES CEPHALOPODS WORKING GROUP
1. CEFAPARQUES Project
Identification and characterization of preferential
habitats to cephalopods of commercial interest
New insights for a more suitable resource management
2. Participants
IIM (CSIC, Vigo) & IMEDEA (CSIC, Palma de Mallorca)
Ángel Guerra. Research coordinator
Ángel F. González Beatriz Morales - Nín
Manuel E. Garci Miguel Cabanellas - Reboredo
Jorge Hernández - Urcera Matias Calvo-Manazza
Alex Chamorro Miquel Palmer
3. CEFAPARQUES
Parque Nacional de las
Islas Atlánticas de Galicia
(PNIAG)
Parque Nacional de
Cabrera (PNC)
Project duration: April 2012- November 2014
Results: April 2012 – April 2014
4. PNIAG
Octopus vulgaris spawning
habitat
O. vulgaris juvenile /
subadult habitat
O. vulgaris den ecology
Cannibalism in the wild
6. PNIAG: spawning habitat and area
April 2012 – April 2014
• 73 grids of 33.2 Ha each
• 24 grids sampled
• 5-25 m depth
• 4 visual censuses (surveys)
per month
• A total of 97 surveys
7. EST= Time of effective sampling
Dt= total immersion time
A= Time to get surface
Rt= recording time
EST = Dt - (A + Rt)
NSD = EST x ADS
PNIAG: visual censuses
NSD = net distance of sampling
ADS = diving estimated velocity
SAC = NSD x [HV x (Nd + 1 )]
SAC= swept area
HV= horizontal visibility
Nd= nº divers
A new sampling method to
estimate the swept area
8. PNIAG: spawning habitat and zone
Two-three divers
Images recorded (14 hours).
Substrate composition
GPS
CTD: Oceanographic parameters
GAMs: habitat characterization (season, depth, temperature, chlorophyll, substrate, predators,
fishing impact … ) presence/absence of egg masses and spawning nests
9. PNIAG: spawning habitat and zone
The highest probability of occurrence of spawns and dens for females O.
vulgaris nesting (spawning nests) were obtained in the north zone of the
Cíes islands and during spring-summer season
Egg clusters: 24
Female spawning nests : 54
Cíes Islands
10. Preferential spawning
area and season
North
Spring-Summer
PNIAG: spawning area
Recommendation: Total Protection
inside the MPA (58 ha 5.8 % of total
marine Cíes realm) in that season
First step for O. vulgaris ecosystem
approach to fishery management
11. PNIAG: spawning habitat and zone
Females behavior during reproduction: recorded and described
12. Aquí va el video de la hembra
cuidando la puesta, no puedo enviarlo
por email porque ocupa demasiado
espacio
13. PNIAG: juveline-subadult habitat
Rodas inlet = Sand seabed
30 ha, 5-21 m depth
4 divers
3 visual surveys in June 2013
(O. vulgaris fishery season
closed)
1 survey in October 2013
(O. vulgaris fishery season open)
14. Recorded data:
• Depth
• Bottom temperature
• Presence/absence in den
• Octopus size
• Bivalves in the midden
• Den diameter
PNIAG: juvenile-subadult habitat
15. PNIAG: juvenile-subadult habitat
No statistical differences in occupation rate between both (closed or open)
fishing seasons (VC1-VC2-VC3 and VC4)
VC: visual census number
SA: swept area (m2)
D: average depth (m)
APD: area per den (m2)
OD: occupied dens
ARDO: average rate of
occupancy (%)
D/1000: mean number
VC DR DF ARDO DDA ± SD
1,2,3
5.0-10.0 27 92,6 19,4 ± 8,61
10.0-15.0 6 50 14,83 ± 6,24
5.0-10.0 9 100 17,44 ± 5,08
4 10.0-15.0 6 50 16,83 ± 5,81
15.0-21.0 5 40 17,6 ± 3,51
VC S A D APD OD ARDO D/1000
1 3330 11 302,73 10 90,91 3,30
2 2910 14 207,86 11 78,57 4,81
3 2350 8 293,75 7 87,50 3,40
4 5145 20 257,25 14 70 3,89
DR: depth range (m)
DF: number of dens found
ARDO: average rate of occupancy
(%)
DDA: den diameter average (cm)
SD: standard deviation
Visuals surveys in Rodas inlet
Dens data in Rodas inlet
16. PNIAG: juvenile-subadult habitat
5 10 15 20
−4−202
Depth
PartialforDepth
5 10 15 20
0.00.20.40.60.81.0
Depth
response
Prediction of a den occupied
by an octopus: Decreased with z
Partial effect of depth in
presence/absence of octopus in
a den: Decreased with z
16 Kg octopus in the Park
17. PNIAG: juvenile-subadult habitat
• Preferred habitat: SBT 15 – 16 ºC and
SBS ≈ 36.0
• Depth 5-21 m, maybe related with:
⁻ prey presence, specially
bivalves
⁻ Soft bottoms with bioclast
• Presence of double and triple dens in
Rodas asocial? Further studies
needed
This area should
be also protected
1170 juveniles O. vulgaris
in Rodas inlet between 5-
21 m depth. (1.12% of the
Cíes marine area)
18. • Den typology:
A. Dug den in soft
sediment and
reinforced with
shells
B. Dug den under a
rock
C. Empty shell or
carapace
D. Human wastes
PNIAG: Dwellers in dens on sandy
bottoms: Ecological and behavioral traits
of Octopus vulgaris
19. PNIAG: den ecology
Shell collection: bivalves in the
middens: old and none of then drilled.
Main food : razors (Ensis arcuactus)
20. PNIAG: den ecology
- Deep holes reinforced with Pecten
maximus
- Shells collected at the mouth of the hole
were old with algae, polichaetes and
bryozoan incrustation
- Large and well build holes were occupied
by small octopuses
- The middens were 3 times larger the hole
size
Permanent dens
21. PNIAG: Cannibalistic behavior
Cannibalism has been
observed and registered
three times within PNIAG
• Inter-cohort cannibalism
• Both males and females are cannibal
• Arms were the first part of the body
eaten
• Other preys were abundant in the
surrenders
• Predator was 20-25 % larger than prey
22. PNIAG: General conclusions for
O. vulgaris
• The inner submarine area of the Cíes
Islands is an Essential Fish Habitat for
O. vulgaris.
• Two habitat and zones: one of
breeding and spawning and other of
growth will be proposed to the
National Park authorities to be
protected.
• Useful tool for resources management
of commercial interest (ecosystem
approach).
• Informative and educational
documentary: Goods and services of a
marine protected area.
25. PNIAG: Sepia officinalis
MES T D Tf
E F M A M J J A S O N D
P 4 9 5 7 1 5 31 10-
15
11-
14
E 4(2) 3(2) 4(2) 6(2) 8(2) 1(1) 12(2) 2(2) 3(2) 21(2) 4(2) 2(2)
1(3)
71
P= egg-laying
E= individuals registered and size (1:<90 mm LM, 2: 91-180, 3: >180)
D= deep (m)
Tf = Bottom temperature (ºC)
26. PNIAG: Sepia officinalis
Surveys of S. officialis in the inner side of the Cies Islands .
Total of 71, 58 % close Viños islet
Egg-laying Winter-spring time (in gorgonians and spirograph
28. PNC National Park of Cabrera
Results only for Loligo
vulgaris
No egg laying Sepia or
Octopus
Predator pressure
(Epinephelus marginatus)
29. PNC Spawning areas
30 DACs Dispositives for egg laying
Recovered one a month (june 2012 june
2013)
141 egg laying associated collected and
counted
30. PNC Spawning areas
Zero-Inflated Poisson (ZIP)
(Number of egg laying per DAC per
month)
Variables:
• Habitat
• Depth
• SST
• SSC
• Presence/absence of Lepas
anatifera,
currents…
31. Spatial distribution of egg
masses Loligo vulgaris for
DAC
Spawn all year, spring peak
(may)
242 egg masses, 72,3 % in DAC
in sand floors
15-50 m deep ( avoid surficial
waters, above all sin summer)
PNC Spawning areas
32. All year spawning:
• surficial waters in winter
• deep waters in summer
spawning migrations
PNC Spawning areas
33. PNC Spawning areas
DAC: useful technique to characterize L. vulgaris habitat
Spawning area depends on ocean bottom, deep, SST
Spawning peak maybe related with mesozooplankton availability
Migration for spawning
Management improvement: temporal - spatial closure of
the fish area
