Volumetric efficiencies above 100% can be achieved through forced induction like supercharging or turbocharging. Naturally aspirated engines can also exceed 100% efficiency through proper tuning, with the limit being around 137% for engines with a DOHC layout and four valves per cylinder. Thermal efficiencies tend to be highest for direct-injected diesel engines around 35-38%, while spark-ignited gasoline engines are usually below 25% efficiency.
A slide on internal combustion engine two stroke and four stroke and their difference. Its just a simple slide, not explained in too much detail. Effects and timings already added.
Content:
-Introduction
-Two stroke engine
-Working of Two Stroke engine
-Advantages and disadvantages of two stroke engine
-Four stroke engine
-Working of four stroke engine
Advantages and disadvantages of Four Stroke Engine
-Which is better
-Conclusion
A slide on internal combustion engine two stroke and four stroke and their difference. Its just a simple slide, not explained in too much detail. Effects and timings already added.
Content:
-Introduction
-Two stroke engine
-Working of Two Stroke engine
-Advantages and disadvantages of two stroke engine
-Four stroke engine
-Working of four stroke engine
Advantages and disadvantages of Four Stroke Engine
-Which is better
-Conclusion
CYLINDER DEACTIVATION ON TWO DIFFERENT CUBIC CAPACITY ENGINEIAEME Publication
Cylinder deactivation is a fuel consumption reduction technology for throttled internal combustion engines and other engines with thermal efficiency loss at part cylinder. Dynamic skip firing, which in its ultimate form incorporates anytime, any-cylinder deactivation, continuously varies the number of firing cylinders, along with cylinder load, obtaining flexible control of acoustic and vibrational excitations from the engine, and allowing an expanded operational envelope with fewer drive ability/NVH issues. This project comprises of two different cubic capacity 4 stroke (150cc-pulsar and 100cc-kinetic) engines coupled with use of sprockets and chains.
Technological advancements in IC enginesSyed Yaseen
This presentation is a part of IC engines online course where you will learn about the Technological advancements in IC engines. All the slides are filled with related graphics to help you understand the concept easily.
CYLINDER DEACTIVATION ON TWO DIFFERENT CUBIC CAPACITY ENGINEIAEME Publication
Cylinder deactivation is a fuel consumption reduction technology for throttled internal combustion engines and other engines with thermal efficiency loss at part cylinder. Dynamic skip firing, which in its ultimate form incorporates anytime, any-cylinder deactivation, continuously varies the number of firing cylinders, along with cylinder load, obtaining flexible control of acoustic and vibrational excitations from the engine, and allowing an expanded operational envelope with fewer drive ability/NVH issues. This project comprises of two different cubic capacity 4 stroke (150cc-pulsar and 100cc-kinetic) engines coupled with use of sprockets and chains.
Technological advancements in IC enginesSyed Yaseen
This presentation is a part of IC engines online course where you will learn about the Technological advancements in IC engines. All the slides are filled with related graphics to help you understand the concept easily.
Jean-Paul Gibson: Solid Mechanics Design Project of a Bracket Using ANSYSJean-Paul Gibson
This was a project done for a Solid Mechanics class. ANSYS was utilized to design a bracket that could withstand a linearly applied pressure of 2000 psi in the cutaway located on the top right edge. The shape and overall design of the bracket had to meet certain criteria.
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INVESTIGATION OF TDI TECHNOLOGY AND CONCEPTUAL ERADICATION OF TURBOLAG BY INC...varun charavanan
With the accelerated consumption of fuel in day-to-day life, there is an augmenting demand for the development of a more fuel efficient engine. Further , there is a growing concern for the reduction of emissions that emanate from vehicles .In order to cater to all these heeds, AUDI has come up with an amazing technology called TDI (TURBOCHARGED DIRECT INJECTION) .
The inception of this incredible technology has created a revolution in diesel engines. It has made diesel engines much more efficient than its ancestors as well as its rival gasoline engine, by ensuring optimum cylinder charging. This is accomplished by incorporating a crucial component called the turbocharger. Components like piezoelectric injector, EGR, common rail, VTG consummate this engine, bolster in achieving a phenomenal performance. The most common discrepancy we found in diesel engines was turbo lag. We have introduced a modification in this engine which we perceive that it would serve as a solution for the turbo-lag. In this technique we give feedback for the turbocharger by using a DC SOLENOID MOTOR till the boost threshold is reached, by the actuation of sensors. And we have also introduced the Principles of Hydrodynamic Design Of Humpback Whale to increase the efficiency of the turbo charger at any running conditions.
Supercritial Fuel Injection System is a fuel injection system that can be used to reduce emissions and increase efficiency up to 50 - 70 % in an automobile.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
1. Volumetric efficiency
• Volumetric efficiencies above 100% can be
reached by using forced induction such as
supercharging or turbo charging.
• With proper tuning, volumetric efficiencies above
100% can also be reached by naturally aspirated
engines.
• The limit for naturally aspirated engines is about
137%; these engines are typically of a DOHC
layout with four valves per cylinder.
6. Valve events
Intake valve opening
160
BTDC
Low pressure in cylinder
Intake valve closing
550
ABDC
Cylinder pressure is effected by timing
Exhaust valve opening
550
BBDC
Residual pressure helps movement of exhaust gases
Exhaust valve closing
160
ATDC
Low pressure in exhaust port draws air in
7. Best thermal efficiency estimates for various Power
Plants
Power plant type
• Spark-ignited, port-injected, stoichiometric
• Direct-injected. spark-ignited,
stoichiometric
• Direct-injected. spark-ignited, lean, early
injection
• Indirect-injected diesel
• Direct-injected, spark-ignited, lean, late
injection
Efficiency (%)
• 31.5
• 33
• 34.5
• 35.5
• 38
8. WHY DIESEL GIVES BETTER MILEAGE
• On average, 1 gallon (3.8 L) of diesel fuel
contains approximately 155x106
joules
(147,000 BTU), while 1 gallon of gasoline
contains 132x106
joules (125,000 BTU)
• This along with the high efficiency of diesel
engines, explains why diesel engines get
better mileage than regular petrol engines
9. THERMAL EFFICIENCY
Engine thermal efficiency is the relation
between the power produced and the energy in
the fuel burned to produce that power.
Some of the heat produced by combustion is
carried away by the engine lubricating and
cooling systems. Some heat is lost in the hot
exhaust gases as they leave the cylinder.
10. THERMAL EFFICIENCY
These heat (thermal) losses reduce the
Thermal efficiency of the engine. The engine
uses the remaining heat to produce power.
Thermal efficiencies of spark-ignition engines
may be below 20 %. They are seldom above
25 %.
Some diesel engines have thermal efficiencies
of 35 % or higher.
11. Best thermal efficiency estimates for various power
plants
Power plant type
• Gas turbine
• High-speed, direct-injected diesel
• Heavy-duty. direct-injected diesel (HDDI)
• Fuel cell
• Turbo compounded, HDDI diesel
Efficiency (%)
• 38
• 43
• 46
• 52
• 54
12.
13. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
Advantages
• MECHANICAL SIMPLICITY
• IMPROVED THERMAL
EFFICIENCY
• DON’T NEED AUXILLARY
EQUIPMENT
• SHORT START AND STOP
TIME
• LOW INITIAL COST
• EFFICENT PERFORMANCE
Disadvantages
• FUEL COST
• WORKING FLUID ONLY
LIQUID OR GASEOUS AT
GIVEN SPECIFICATIONS
• VIBRATION PROBLEMS
