spark ignition engine(petrol engine)
four stroke engine
two stroke engine
compression ignition engine(diesel engine)
four stroke engine
two stroke engine
The document discusses different types of internal combustion engines. It describes the four-stroke spark ignition engine, which intakes air and fuel on the first stroke, compresses it on the second, ignites it with a spark plug on the third power stroke, and exhausts on the fourth stroke. The two-stroke engine completes this cycle with only two strokes per revolution using ports instead of valves, providing power every rotation but being less efficient and more polluting. Valve and ignition timing is important for synchronization between engine cycles.
The document describes the main components of an internal combustion engine, including the cylinder head, engine block, pistons, valves, camshaft, crankshaft, connecting rods, and flywheel. It discusses the different types of engines like four-stroke gasoline, two-stroke gasoline, and diesel engines. It also explains the basic functions of engine components like the camshaft converting rotary motion to reciprocating motion and the flywheel reducing vibration and transferring power from the engine.
The document discusses different types of internal combustion engine cycles. It describes the Otto, Diesel, and Dual combustion cycles which can be either two-stroke or four-stroke. It then provides details on the working of four-stroke petrol and diesel engines including their cycles involving the suction, compression, expansion, and exhaust strokes. It also summarizes the two-stroke engine cycle which is completed in two strokes instead of four by using ports instead of valves.
The document provides information on various systems of a tractor, including:
- The power transmission system which reduces engine speed and transmits power to the rear wheels. It includes a clutch to connect and disconnect the engine from transmission gears.
- The cooling system which uses forced circulation of water through an engine water jacket and radiator to cool the engine.
- The lubrication system which supplies oil under pressure to engine parts like the crankshaft and cylinder walls for cooling, sealing, and cleaning effects.
This document provides an overview of an internal combustion engine demonstration presented by the Mechanical Department at GEETANJALI INSTITUTE OF TECHNICAL STUDIES. It defines internal combustion engines and heat engines, describes the main types of combustion engines as internal or external. It then outlines the key components of an internal combustion engine, such as the piston, crankshaft, connecting rod, and camshaft. Finally, it explains the four stroke cycles of spark ignition and compression ignition engines through diagrams and descriptions of the suction, compression, expansion, and exhaust strokes.
This document discusses energy conversion and engines. It defines an engine as a device that transforms one form of energy into another. Heat engines transform chemical energy from fuel into thermal and mechanical energy. The first internal combustion engines were developed in the early 1800s, with improvements over time leading to modern gasoline and diesel engines. Reciprocating internal combustion engines are widely used and have advantages like simplicity and efficiency, though they also cause vibration. The document describes the components, types, and nomenclature of reciprocating IC engines.
Internal Combustion Engines - Construction and Working (All you need to know,...Mihir Pai
The document discusses various components and systems of internal combustion engines, including:
- The crankshaft, connecting rod, camshaft, spark plug, drivetrain, turbochargers, carburetors, fuel injection systems, engine lubrication systems, rotary engines, two-stroke engines, and experimental five-stroke and six-stroke engines. It provides brief descriptions of how each component or system functions within an engine.
The document provides an overview of internal combustion engines. It discusses the basic classifications and cycles of internal combustion engines including two-stroke and four-stroke engines. It also covers the workings of spark ignition and compression ignition engines, as well as common engine components and systems such as carburetors and fuel injection systems. Key topics include the Otto, Diesel, and Carnot power cycles; combustion stages; valve timing diagrams; and scavenging, pre-ignition, detonation, lubrication, and emissions control.
The document discusses different types of internal combustion engines. It describes the four-stroke spark ignition engine, which intakes air and fuel on the first stroke, compresses it on the second, ignites it with a spark plug on the third power stroke, and exhausts on the fourth stroke. The two-stroke engine completes this cycle with only two strokes per revolution using ports instead of valves, providing power every rotation but being less efficient and more polluting. Valve and ignition timing is important for synchronization between engine cycles.
The document describes the main components of an internal combustion engine, including the cylinder head, engine block, pistons, valves, camshaft, crankshaft, connecting rods, and flywheel. It discusses the different types of engines like four-stroke gasoline, two-stroke gasoline, and diesel engines. It also explains the basic functions of engine components like the camshaft converting rotary motion to reciprocating motion and the flywheel reducing vibration and transferring power from the engine.
The document discusses different types of internal combustion engine cycles. It describes the Otto, Diesel, and Dual combustion cycles which can be either two-stroke or four-stroke. It then provides details on the working of four-stroke petrol and diesel engines including their cycles involving the suction, compression, expansion, and exhaust strokes. It also summarizes the two-stroke engine cycle which is completed in two strokes instead of four by using ports instead of valves.
The document provides information on various systems of a tractor, including:
- The power transmission system which reduces engine speed and transmits power to the rear wheels. It includes a clutch to connect and disconnect the engine from transmission gears.
- The cooling system which uses forced circulation of water through an engine water jacket and radiator to cool the engine.
- The lubrication system which supplies oil under pressure to engine parts like the crankshaft and cylinder walls for cooling, sealing, and cleaning effects.
This document provides an overview of an internal combustion engine demonstration presented by the Mechanical Department at GEETANJALI INSTITUTE OF TECHNICAL STUDIES. It defines internal combustion engines and heat engines, describes the main types of combustion engines as internal or external. It then outlines the key components of an internal combustion engine, such as the piston, crankshaft, connecting rod, and camshaft. Finally, it explains the four stroke cycles of spark ignition and compression ignition engines through diagrams and descriptions of the suction, compression, expansion, and exhaust strokes.
This document discusses energy conversion and engines. It defines an engine as a device that transforms one form of energy into another. Heat engines transform chemical energy from fuel into thermal and mechanical energy. The first internal combustion engines were developed in the early 1800s, with improvements over time leading to modern gasoline and diesel engines. Reciprocating internal combustion engines are widely used and have advantages like simplicity and efficiency, though they also cause vibration. The document describes the components, types, and nomenclature of reciprocating IC engines.
Internal Combustion Engines - Construction and Working (All you need to know,...Mihir Pai
The document discusses various components and systems of internal combustion engines, including:
- The crankshaft, connecting rod, camshaft, spark plug, drivetrain, turbochargers, carburetors, fuel injection systems, engine lubrication systems, rotary engines, two-stroke engines, and experimental five-stroke and six-stroke engines. It provides brief descriptions of how each component or system functions within an engine.
The document provides an overview of internal combustion engines. It discusses the basic classifications and cycles of internal combustion engines including two-stroke and four-stroke engines. It also covers the workings of spark ignition and compression ignition engines, as well as common engine components and systems such as carburetors and fuel injection systems. Key topics include the Otto, Diesel, and Carnot power cycles; combustion stages; valve timing diagrams; and scavenging, pre-ignition, detonation, lubrication, and emissions control.
The document provides an overview of internal combustion engines, including their classification, operation, and differences between engine types. It discusses four-stroke petrol and diesel engines in detail, describing the four strokes of each cycle. The key differences between petrol and diesel engines are outlined. Two-stroke engines are also summarized and compared to four-stroke engines. Various engine efficiencies are defined.
The document presents a presentation on the working of a four-stroke diesel engine. It defines an engine as a prime mover that converts fuel into mechanical energy. It classifies engines based on their stroke, fuel used, cylinder position, and ignition type. It then describes the basic parts of a diesel engine, including the cylinder block, piston, connecting rod, crankshaft, cylinder head, valves, camshaft, and spark plug. It proceeds to explain the four strokes of the diesel engine cycle - intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes. It concludes by noting advantages of diesel engines such as better fuel economy, lower fuel costs, and higher reliability compared to gasoline engines.
TWO STROKE ENGINES/TWO STROKE PETROL ENGINE/PETROL ENGINES/MEO CLASS 4 EXAM/R...gokulSenthilkumar
ENGINES EXPLAINED, TYPES OF ENGINES, MEO CLASS 4 EXAM, DIFFERENT TYPES OF ENGINES,
PARTS OF AN ENGINE, RECIPROCATING ENGINES, IC ENGINES, EC ENGINES, COMPRESSION IGNITION, SPARK IGNITION, TWO STROKE ENGINES,
CARBURATOR, CROSSFLOW SCAVENGED ENGINES, PETROL ENGINES,TWO STROKE ENGINES, TWO STROKE PETROL ENGINE,DIRT ENGINES, DIRT RACE, YAMAHA RX100
Bike Engines-Two Stroke/Four Stroke Engines ClassificationBike Jinni
BikeJinni - Bike Engines Classification. Two Stroke/Four Stroke Engines. Engine technical terms. Type of design in Bike Engines. Engine Cooling Systems, spark plug, Working of bike engines.
1) The document discusses the assembly, disassembly and maintenance of internal combustion (IC) engines. It covers the main components of IC engines like the cylinder block, cylinder head, piston, connecting rod, crankshaft and camshaft.
2) IC engines are classified based on their cycle of operation, thermodynamic cycle, type of fuel used, ignition method, cooling system and valve location. The working of four-stroke petrol engines, four-stroke diesel engines, and two-stroke petrol and diesel engines are explained.
3) The key components, working cycles and strokes of different engine types are described in detail.
The document discusses internal combustion engines. It defines an internal combustion engine as a device that releases chemical energy from fuel inside the engine to perform mechanical work. It then classifies engines based on their design, operating cycle, and whether they are 4-stroke or 2-stroke. The document goes on to describe the constructional features of engines, including cylinders, pistons, piston rings, connecting rods, crankshafts, camshafts, valves, bearings, and flywheels. It provides diagrams of diesel and gasoline engine cycles.
The document provides an overview of the basic components and functions of internal combustion engines. It discusses the different types of engines including 4-stroke, V8, and 2-stroke engines. It also describes the key components that an engine needs to operate such as fuel, air, spark, and compression. Pistons, crankshafts, camshafts, valves and their functions are explained. The 4-stroke combustion cycle and engine timing are also summarized.
1) The document discusses different types of internal combustion engines including their classification based on cylinder arrangement, ignition method, combustion cycle, cooling method, and number of cylinders.
2) The key parts of an internal combustion engine are described including the cylinder, piston, piston rings, connecting rod, crank and crankshaft, valves, flywheel, and crankcase.
3) The four stroke cycles of both petrol and diesel engines are explained as intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes along with the corresponding piston movement and crankshaft rotation in each stroke.
This document discusses a presentation on two-stroke petrol engines given by three students - Shahzaib Akhtar, Hassan Abbas Niazi, and Abdullah Saddiq. It defines the basic components of a two-stroke engine like the piston, connecting rod, crankshaft, and spark plug. It explains that in a two-stroke engine, the intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes are completed in two strokes of the piston rather than four. The intake and exhaust ports are opened and closed by the piston's motion rather than valves. The document outlines the working principle, advantages like lighter weight and lower cost, disadvantages like lower efficiency, and common applications of two-stroke engines.
The document compares 2-stroke and 4-stroke engines across several factors. 4-stroke engines have an intake, compression, power, and exhaust stroke per cycle. They are heavier with valves but have higher efficiency. 2-stroke engines have a power stroke every revolution due to ports, making them lighter but less efficient due to incomplete exhaust scavenging causing pollution. Cooling and lubrication are more critical for 2-stroke engines due to their higher revolutions per minute. Overall, 4-stroke engines are more widely used except for small vehicles due to their better performance and lower fuel consumption.
The document discusses various topics related to computerized engine controls and direct fuel injection systems. It describes the four strokes of a direct fuel injected gasoline engine: intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust. It also mentions functional decomposition of engine communication systems and using direct injection for achieving fuel economy and low emissions.
The document provides information on the basics of internal combustion (IC) engines. It discusses the differences between two-stroke and four-stroke engines, the sequence of operations in an IC engine cycle, valve timing diagrams for petrol and diesel engines, and comparisons of petrol and diesel engines. It also covers topics like scavenging, ignition systems, supercharging, lubrication, governing, carburetors, spark plugs, detonation, and octane ratings of fuels for spark ignition engines.
The document discusses internal combustion engines, including their basic components and operating cycles. It describes the four main strokes of a four-stroke engine: intake, compression, power, and exhaust. It also summarizes the operation of two-stroke engines and differences from four-stroke engines, such as using crankcase compression and ports instead of valves. Additionally, it covers the classification of engines as spark ignition or compression ignition and compares their combustion processes.
The document describes the four stroke engine cycle. A four stroke engine uses intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes to complete one cycle. During the intake stroke, the intake valve opens and the piston moves down to draw air-fuel mixture into the cylinder. In the compression stroke, both valves are closed and the piston moves up to compress the mixture. The power stroke occurs when the compressed mixture is ignited, pushing the piston down. Finally, in the exhaust stroke, the exhaust valve opens and the piston pushes out the exhaust gases. The four stroke cycle is more efficient but more complex than a two stroke engine.
The document discusses two-stroke and four-stroke internal combustion engines. It provides details on the working principles of two-stroke petrol and diesel engines. A two-stroke engine completes the processes of intake, compression, combustion and exhaust in two strokes of the piston rather than four strokes as in a four-stroke engine. This allows a two-stroke engine to produce power during every revolution of the crankshaft.
The document discusses heat engines and internal combustion engines. It defines heat engines as engines that convert heat energy from fuel combustion into mechanical work. It describes internal combustion engines as a type of heat engine that can be classified based on their combustion cycle, cylinder arrangement, ignition method, cooling method, and more. The document outlines the common parts of internal combustion engines like the cylinder, piston, valves, and differences between parts of gasoline and diesel engines. It also provides details on 2-stroke and 4-stroke engine cycles.
The document discusses different types of engines including internal and external combustion engines. It describes the basic functions and components of internal combustion engines, which convert chemical energy from fuel into heat and then mechanical energy. The document outlines the four main events required for internal combustion engine operation: air-fuel mixture intake, compression, ignition, and exhaust. It also summarizes the operating cycles of two-stroke and four-stroke engines.
The document discusses key parts of internal combustion engines including pistons, valves, spark plugs, cam shafts and describes cylinder arrangements like inline-4 and V6. It also covers topics like engine size measured in cubic centimeters, overhead camshafts, and the four stroke combustion cycle. The summary provides an overview of internal combustion engines, their classification based on fuel type, ignition method, cylinder arrangement and other factors. It outlines the basic idea of how combustion drives the piston to convert the motion to a rotating crankshaft.
The document discusses the key components and workings of an internal combustion (IC) engine. It defines a cylinder as the central working part where a piston travels, and a connecting rod as connecting the piston to the crankshaft. The IC engine converts chemical energy from fuel into mechanical energy by igniting a fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber, which then acts on the piston. Some advantages of IC engines over external combustion engines are that they are cheaper, have a higher power-to-weight ratio, and emissions can be minimized with advanced designs.
The document provides an overview of internal combustion engines. It discusses the basic components and configurations of internal combustion engines, including the cylinder head, engine block, pistons, crankshaft, camshaft, valves, spark plugs and more. It explains the functions of these key parts and how they work together to convert fuel combustion into rotational motion. The document also briefly outlines different engine types like four-stroke gasoline, two-stroke gasoline, and diesel engines. It aims to educate students on the basic workings of internal combustion engines.
This document provides an overview of different engine types and their basic components. It discusses the four main types of engines - four-stroke gasoline, two-stroke gasoline, diesel, and rotary. The key internal combustion engine components are then described, including cylinders arranged in inline, V, and flat configurations, intake and exhaust valves, valve springs, lifters, camshafts, spark plugs, pistons, cylinder heads, engine blocks, connecting rods, crankshafts, piston rings, and flywheels. The purpose and function of each major engine part is explained concisely.
The document provides an overview of internal combustion engines, including their classification, operation, and differences between engine types. It discusses four-stroke petrol and diesel engines in detail, describing the four strokes of each cycle. The key differences between petrol and diesel engines are outlined. Two-stroke engines are also summarized and compared to four-stroke engines. Various engine efficiencies are defined.
The document presents a presentation on the working of a four-stroke diesel engine. It defines an engine as a prime mover that converts fuel into mechanical energy. It classifies engines based on their stroke, fuel used, cylinder position, and ignition type. It then describes the basic parts of a diesel engine, including the cylinder block, piston, connecting rod, crankshaft, cylinder head, valves, camshaft, and spark plug. It proceeds to explain the four strokes of the diesel engine cycle - intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes. It concludes by noting advantages of diesel engines such as better fuel economy, lower fuel costs, and higher reliability compared to gasoline engines.
TWO STROKE ENGINES/TWO STROKE PETROL ENGINE/PETROL ENGINES/MEO CLASS 4 EXAM/R...gokulSenthilkumar
ENGINES EXPLAINED, TYPES OF ENGINES, MEO CLASS 4 EXAM, DIFFERENT TYPES OF ENGINES,
PARTS OF AN ENGINE, RECIPROCATING ENGINES, IC ENGINES, EC ENGINES, COMPRESSION IGNITION, SPARK IGNITION, TWO STROKE ENGINES,
CARBURATOR, CROSSFLOW SCAVENGED ENGINES, PETROL ENGINES,TWO STROKE ENGINES, TWO STROKE PETROL ENGINE,DIRT ENGINES, DIRT RACE, YAMAHA RX100
Bike Engines-Two Stroke/Four Stroke Engines ClassificationBike Jinni
BikeJinni - Bike Engines Classification. Two Stroke/Four Stroke Engines. Engine technical terms. Type of design in Bike Engines. Engine Cooling Systems, spark plug, Working of bike engines.
1) The document discusses the assembly, disassembly and maintenance of internal combustion (IC) engines. It covers the main components of IC engines like the cylinder block, cylinder head, piston, connecting rod, crankshaft and camshaft.
2) IC engines are classified based on their cycle of operation, thermodynamic cycle, type of fuel used, ignition method, cooling system and valve location. The working of four-stroke petrol engines, four-stroke diesel engines, and two-stroke petrol and diesel engines are explained.
3) The key components, working cycles and strokes of different engine types are described in detail.
The document discusses internal combustion engines. It defines an internal combustion engine as a device that releases chemical energy from fuel inside the engine to perform mechanical work. It then classifies engines based on their design, operating cycle, and whether they are 4-stroke or 2-stroke. The document goes on to describe the constructional features of engines, including cylinders, pistons, piston rings, connecting rods, crankshafts, camshafts, valves, bearings, and flywheels. It provides diagrams of diesel and gasoline engine cycles.
The document provides an overview of the basic components and functions of internal combustion engines. It discusses the different types of engines including 4-stroke, V8, and 2-stroke engines. It also describes the key components that an engine needs to operate such as fuel, air, spark, and compression. Pistons, crankshafts, camshafts, valves and their functions are explained. The 4-stroke combustion cycle and engine timing are also summarized.
1) The document discusses different types of internal combustion engines including their classification based on cylinder arrangement, ignition method, combustion cycle, cooling method, and number of cylinders.
2) The key parts of an internal combustion engine are described including the cylinder, piston, piston rings, connecting rod, crank and crankshaft, valves, flywheel, and crankcase.
3) The four stroke cycles of both petrol and diesel engines are explained as intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes along with the corresponding piston movement and crankshaft rotation in each stroke.
This document discusses a presentation on two-stroke petrol engines given by three students - Shahzaib Akhtar, Hassan Abbas Niazi, and Abdullah Saddiq. It defines the basic components of a two-stroke engine like the piston, connecting rod, crankshaft, and spark plug. It explains that in a two-stroke engine, the intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes are completed in two strokes of the piston rather than four. The intake and exhaust ports are opened and closed by the piston's motion rather than valves. The document outlines the working principle, advantages like lighter weight and lower cost, disadvantages like lower efficiency, and common applications of two-stroke engines.
The document compares 2-stroke and 4-stroke engines across several factors. 4-stroke engines have an intake, compression, power, and exhaust stroke per cycle. They are heavier with valves but have higher efficiency. 2-stroke engines have a power stroke every revolution due to ports, making them lighter but less efficient due to incomplete exhaust scavenging causing pollution. Cooling and lubrication are more critical for 2-stroke engines due to their higher revolutions per minute. Overall, 4-stroke engines are more widely used except for small vehicles due to their better performance and lower fuel consumption.
The document discusses various topics related to computerized engine controls and direct fuel injection systems. It describes the four strokes of a direct fuel injected gasoline engine: intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust. It also mentions functional decomposition of engine communication systems and using direct injection for achieving fuel economy and low emissions.
The document provides information on the basics of internal combustion (IC) engines. It discusses the differences between two-stroke and four-stroke engines, the sequence of operations in an IC engine cycle, valve timing diagrams for petrol and diesel engines, and comparisons of petrol and diesel engines. It also covers topics like scavenging, ignition systems, supercharging, lubrication, governing, carburetors, spark plugs, detonation, and octane ratings of fuels for spark ignition engines.
The document discusses internal combustion engines, including their basic components and operating cycles. It describes the four main strokes of a four-stroke engine: intake, compression, power, and exhaust. It also summarizes the operation of two-stroke engines and differences from four-stroke engines, such as using crankcase compression and ports instead of valves. Additionally, it covers the classification of engines as spark ignition or compression ignition and compares their combustion processes.
The document describes the four stroke engine cycle. A four stroke engine uses intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes to complete one cycle. During the intake stroke, the intake valve opens and the piston moves down to draw air-fuel mixture into the cylinder. In the compression stroke, both valves are closed and the piston moves up to compress the mixture. The power stroke occurs when the compressed mixture is ignited, pushing the piston down. Finally, in the exhaust stroke, the exhaust valve opens and the piston pushes out the exhaust gases. The four stroke cycle is more efficient but more complex than a two stroke engine.
The document discusses two-stroke and four-stroke internal combustion engines. It provides details on the working principles of two-stroke petrol and diesel engines. A two-stroke engine completes the processes of intake, compression, combustion and exhaust in two strokes of the piston rather than four strokes as in a four-stroke engine. This allows a two-stroke engine to produce power during every revolution of the crankshaft.
The document discusses heat engines and internal combustion engines. It defines heat engines as engines that convert heat energy from fuel combustion into mechanical work. It describes internal combustion engines as a type of heat engine that can be classified based on their combustion cycle, cylinder arrangement, ignition method, cooling method, and more. The document outlines the common parts of internal combustion engines like the cylinder, piston, valves, and differences between parts of gasoline and diesel engines. It also provides details on 2-stroke and 4-stroke engine cycles.
The document discusses different types of engines including internal and external combustion engines. It describes the basic functions and components of internal combustion engines, which convert chemical energy from fuel into heat and then mechanical energy. The document outlines the four main events required for internal combustion engine operation: air-fuel mixture intake, compression, ignition, and exhaust. It also summarizes the operating cycles of two-stroke and four-stroke engines.
The document discusses key parts of internal combustion engines including pistons, valves, spark plugs, cam shafts and describes cylinder arrangements like inline-4 and V6. It also covers topics like engine size measured in cubic centimeters, overhead camshafts, and the four stroke combustion cycle. The summary provides an overview of internal combustion engines, their classification based on fuel type, ignition method, cylinder arrangement and other factors. It outlines the basic idea of how combustion drives the piston to convert the motion to a rotating crankshaft.
The document discusses the key components and workings of an internal combustion (IC) engine. It defines a cylinder as the central working part where a piston travels, and a connecting rod as connecting the piston to the crankshaft. The IC engine converts chemical energy from fuel into mechanical energy by igniting a fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber, which then acts on the piston. Some advantages of IC engines over external combustion engines are that they are cheaper, have a higher power-to-weight ratio, and emissions can be minimized with advanced designs.
The document provides an overview of internal combustion engines. It discusses the basic components and configurations of internal combustion engines, including the cylinder head, engine block, pistons, crankshaft, camshaft, valves, spark plugs and more. It explains the functions of these key parts and how they work together to convert fuel combustion into rotational motion. The document also briefly outlines different engine types like four-stroke gasoline, two-stroke gasoline, and diesel engines. It aims to educate students on the basic workings of internal combustion engines.
This document provides an overview of different engine types and their basic components. It discusses the four main types of engines - four-stroke gasoline, two-stroke gasoline, diesel, and rotary. The key internal combustion engine components are then described, including cylinders arranged in inline, V, and flat configurations, intake and exhaust valves, valve springs, lifters, camshafts, spark plugs, pistons, cylinder heads, engine blocks, connecting rods, crankshafts, piston rings, and flywheels. The purpose and function of each major engine part is explained concisely.
The document discusses different types of engines including four-stroke gasoline, two-stroke gasoline, diesel, and rotary engines. It describes the basic components of internal combustion engines including cylinders, pistons, valves, camshafts, connecting rods, and crankshafts. The document provides details on the configuration of engines such as inline, V-shaped, and flat designs as well as the function of key parts like the cylinder head, engine block, flywheel, and piston rings.
The document discusses different types of engines including four-stroke gasoline, two-stroke gasoline, diesel, and rotary engines. It describes the basic components of internal combustion engines including cylinders, pistons, valves, camshafts, connecting rods, and crankshafts. The document provides details on the configuration of engines such as inline, V-shaped, and flat designs as well as the function of key parts like the cylinder head, engine block, flywheel, and piston rings.
The document summarizes key parts of an internal combustion engine. It describes the function of major components like the exhaust valve, intake valve, spark plug, piston, cylinder head, engine block, connecting rod, crankshaft, camshaft, and piston rings. It also briefly explains the differences between inline, V, and flat engine configurations and notes that four-stroke engines typically have three piston rings while two-stroke engines have two rings.
This document provides an overview of gasoline engine operation, parts, and specifications. It explains how a four-stroke engine operates through intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes. It also describes how engines are classified based on characteristics like cylinder arrangement and valve configuration. Key engine parts like the block, heads, and rotating assembly are introduced.
The document provides an introduction to the basic systems of an internal combustion (IC) engine, including:
- Heat engines and the difference between internal and external combustion engines
- IC engine terminology and the four-stroke operating cycle
- Engine construction components like the cylinder block, piston, connecting rod, cylinder head, and flywheel
- Ignition, fuel, lubrication, and cooling systems
- Types of IC engines classified by design, fuel used, number of strokes, ignition method, cylinders, and cooling method
The summary captures the key topics and essential information covered in the document regarding the fundamental components and systems that make up IC engines.
The document discusses engine classification and operation. It explains that engines are classified by characteristics like number of strokes, cylinder arrangement, valve configuration, and fuel type. A four-stroke gasoline engine operates through intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes as the piston moves up and down in the cylinder. The engine converts the chemical energy in fuel to heat and then mechanical power to move the vehicle.
This document provides information on internal combustion engines, including:
1. It defines internal combustion engines and classifies them based on where combustion occurs, fuel used, thermodynamic cycle, number of strokes, ignition method, cooling method, and more.
2. It describes the basic components of an IC engine like the cylinder block, cylinder head, piston, connecting rod, crankshaft, and camshaft.
3. It explains the four strokes of a typical four-stroke engine cycle and compares it to the two-stroke engine cycle.
Engine, classification of heat engine, classification of IC engine, component of IC engine, four stroke engine and 2- stroke engine, petrol and diesel engine, comparisons, terminology related to engine
IC engines(2 stroke/4 stroke),Engine terminology and major components,Power transmission drives(belt ,gear ,rope ,chain),Clutch, Brake,CRDI,MPFI& HYBRID
Spark ignition engines rely on a spark plug to ignite an air-fuel mixture and come in several types: inline engines have cylinders in a straight line; V engines have two banks of cylinders meeting at an angle; flat or boxer engines have horizontally opposed cylinders; and W engines have three or four banks in a W-shape. The main components include the cylinder block housing the cylinders and crankshaft, pistons transferring force to the crankshaft, and valves controlling intake and exhaust. Additional components are the intake and exhaust manifolds, ignition system generating sparks, and camshaft operating the valves to power vehicles.
The document provides information about the key components of a car, including:
- The engine, which uses a four-stroke cycle to power the car. It intakes, compresses, powers and exhausts air and fuel in four strokes to drive the crankshaft.
- The transmission, which uses planetary gear sets and hydraulic components like clutches, bands, and a torque converter to transfer power from the engine to the wheels through different gear ratios.
- The braking system, which uses disc or drum brakes on each wheel and a hydraulic system or handbrake to slow and stop the car.
- Other components like the speedometer, fuel gauge, air conditioning, and sound system
The document discusses internal combustion engines (ICEs) and their components and operation. It provides:
1) ICEs operate by burning fuel inside the engine, such as petrol and diesel engines, while external combustion engines burn fuel outside the engine, like steam engines.
2) ICEs are commonly used as prime movers to power vehicles like cars, trucks, boats and planes. They are also used in stationary equipment.
3) ICEs have various parts like the cylinder block, cylinder head, valves, pistons, crankshaft and flywheel that work together to convert the chemical energy in fuel into rotational motion.
This document provides an overview of engine types and components presented by Vishal Singh of Raj Sons Auto Pvt. Ltd. It discusses the basic components and functions of engines, including pistons, connecting rods, crankshafts, and various engine types classified by combustion method, number of strokes, cylinder arrangement, and ignition method. It also summarizes lubrication basics, describing how oil is pulled from the sump through the filter and pump to lubricate engine components before draining back to the sump.
The document summarizes the classification of engines based on various parameters such as bore size, speed, ignition system, operating cycles, piston action, piston connection, cylinder arrangement, fuel injection method, and fuel used. It provides details on categories for each parameter, such as low, medium, and high speed engines defined by their rotational speeds. Large bore engines are directly connected to propellers while smaller engines use piston rods and crossheads or trunk pistons. Four stroke engines are more fuel efficient than two stroke.
In this ppt, Classification of automobiles is described in detail. Also parts of automobiles such engine, chasis, brake system, stearing system, propeller shaft, drive system, etc are discussed in detail.
This document provides information on internal combustion (I.C.) engines, including:
- I.C. engines can be two-stroke or four-stroke, with four-stroke being more common. They work by combusting fuel inside cylinders to power pistons.
- In a four-stroke engine, the piston completes an intake, compression, power, and exhaust stroke per cycle. In a two-stroke, it completes the cycle in two strokes.
- Other topics covered include engine components, engine types and cycles, differences between two-stroke and four-stroke engines, and differences between diesel and petrol engines.
This document provides information about 2-stroke and 4-stroke engines. It defines a 2-stroke engine as completing its cycle in one crankshaft revolution, while a 4-stroke engine takes two revolutions. The basic parts of each engine are described, along with their working principles. Advantages of 2-stroke engines include higher power density, while disadvantages include lower fuel efficiency. A comparison notes that 4-stroke engines have higher volumetric efficiency but lower power density than 2-stroke engines.
This document summarizes advances in internal combustion engines. It discusses major areas of advancement including engine design, material selection, timing controls, and fuel injection and combustion. It provides examples of various engine designs, materials used, and technologies like variable valve timing, cylinder deactivation, direct injection, supercharging, and turbocharging. It also briefly discusses six-stroke engine designs that aim to improve power and efficiency over traditional four-stroke engines.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
2. INTERNAL COMBUSTION
ENGINE
spark ignition engine(petrol engine)
four stroke engine
two stroke engine
compression ignition engine(diesel
engine)
four stroke engine
two stroke engine
3. Converts up and down motion
into circular motion.
Transmits the power to
transmission.
Crank Shaft
4. Engines
Configuration
• Inline Engines: The
cylinders are arranged in a
line, in a single bank.
• V Engines: The
cylinders are arranged in two
banks, set at an angle to one
another.
• Flat Engines: The
cylinders are arranged in two
banks on opposite sides of
the engine
5. Engines
Parts
•Exhaust Valve lets the exhaust gases escape the combustion
Chamber. (Diameter is smaller then Intake valve)
•Intake Valve lets the air or air fuel mixture to enter the
combustion chamber. (Diameter is larger than the exhaust valve)
Valves: Minimum
Two Valves pre Cylinder
6. Engines
Valve Springs: Keeps the valves
Closed.
Valve Lifters: Rides the cam lobe
and helps in opening the valves.
8. Engines
Cam Shaft: The shaft that has intake and
Exhaust cams for operating the valves.
Cam Lobe: Changes rotary motion
into reciprocating motion.
9. Engines
Piston
A movable part fitted into a
cylinder, which can receive and
transmit power.
Through connecting rod, forces
the crank shaft to rotate.
10. Engines
Cylinder head
Part that covers and encloses the
Cylinder.
It contains cooling fins or water jackets
and the valves.
Some engines contains the cam shaft
in the cylinder head.
12. Engines
Piston Rings
Four stroke: Three rings
Top two are compression rings (sealing
the compression pressure in the cylinder)
and the third is an oil ring (scrapes
excessive oil from the cylinder walls)
Two Stroke: Two Rings
Both the rings are Compression rings.
13. Engines
Flywheel
Attached to the crankshaft
Reduces vibration
Used during initial start-up
Transfers power from engine to
Drivetrain
Helps glide through strokes