I.A. Richards discusses the two uses of language: the scientific use and the emotive use. The scientific use aims for precise and consistent communication of facts, while the emotive use conveys or evokes emotions in the reader. Richards argues that in the scientific use, references and logical relations are important, while in the emotive use truth and logic are less important than emotional connections between attitudes and references.

1. I . A . Richard’s
two uses of
Language

2. I am BhumikaMahida
I am here because I love to give presentation
before you on the topic “I.A.Richard’stwo
uses ofthelanguage”.
Hello!

3. NAME : MAHIDA BHUMIKA PRAKASHBHAI
M A SEM – 2
ROLL NUMBER : 4
ENROLLMENT NUMBER :3069206420200021
TOPIC : I.A.Richard’s two uses of the language”
subject : ‘paper-109 Literary Theory & Criticism and
Indian Aesthetics’

4. I.A.RICHARD:

5. I.A.RICHARD :
I.A. Richards, born in 1893, is one of the great critics
of the modern age, and has influenced a number
of critics on both sides of the Atlantic. He and T.S.
Eliot are pioneers in the field of New Criticism,
though they differ from each other in certain
important respects.

6. Richard , In his “Principles of
Literary Criticism” chapter 34, he
discusses the most neglected subject,
i.e. the theory of language and the
two uses of language.

7. According to I.A. Richards
language can be used in two
ways, i.e.
▪ the scientific use
and
▪ the emotive one
Let’s define…

8. Emotive Use of Language :

10. Emotive use of language :
▪ Emotive Language is the type of language which
conveys or evokes an emotion in the mind of the
reader.
▪ Emotive language often aims to persuade the reader
or listener to share the writer or speaker’s point of
view, using language to stimulate an emotional
reaction.

11. According to Richard’s…
▪ Using words in emotive manner means using them for
the sake of attitudes and emotions which ensue.
▪ For example… In poetry, the word fire may denote ‘with
heart on fire’, where ‘on fire’ means ‘in an excited state’.
Instead of recalling the object, the word stands to evoke
an emotion.

12. Emotive language is
designed to tell you the
facts while influencing
you to adopt the
author’s opinion. Here
are examples of
emotive language…

13. Scientific use of
language:

14. Scientificview:
Whenpeopleareengagedin science, thelanguageof
communication theyusetriestobe morepreciseand
consistent.Scienceoftenintroduces technical
words withspecificmeaningsand alsogives
scientificmeaningto words which may havea
differentusage in everydaylanguage…

15. Use of
scientific
language:

16. This confusion occurs with the
use of other scientific terms in
different contexts as well. For
example, the common usage of
the word ‘plant’ generally refers
to a small, low growing shrub.
When the scientific term ‘ Plant
Kingdom’ is introduced to
students they often have
difficulty with the classification
encompassing very large trees or
small non-vascular mosses.

17. Another example is that the
word force is often used in
the context of power
relationships, for example,
“Ourparent forced us to
makeour bed.”

18. “In the scientificuse of
language,we areusually
matterof fact.All the activities
covered by this use require
undistortedreferencesand
absence of fiction.”

19. Differences
between use
of the
scientific
language and
emotive
language

20. According to Richard…
In the scientific use of the language, the difference in
reference is fatal (a failure) but in the emotive
language it is not so.
In the scientific use of language, the references should
be correct and the relation of references should be
logical. In the emotive use of language, any truth or
logical arrangement is not necessary

21. The attitudes due to references should have their
emotional interconnection and this has often no
connection with logical relations of the facts
referred to…

22. Richards goes on to
examine different uses of
the word ‘truth’.
Let’s see this concept…

23. In the scientific use, the
referencesare true and
logical there is very little
involvement of arts.
Richards says that the
term ‘true’ should be
reserved for the scientific
use. But the emotive
power of the word is far
too great for ThiS.

24. So Richards goes
on to consider
the connotations
of the word
‘truth’ in
criticism. In
literary
criticism, the
common use is
‘acceptability’
or ‘probability’.

25. For example, Robinson Crusoe is true in
the sense of the acceptability of things
we are told, in the interest of the
narrative whether or not such a person
existed in real life is not relevant to the
‘truth’ of the novel.

26. Keats uses
‘truth’ in a
confused way.
He said, ‘What
the
imagination
seizes as
beauty must
be truth.”

27. So, In the last I want to say that
Richard tries to promote the idea of harmony
betweenscience and poetry …
We can conclude In short that The chief motifs of
the writer iS to establish the difference between the
language of science and language of art …

28. References:
“Introducing scientific language”
• https://www.education.vic.gov.au/school/teachers/teachingresources/discipline/scie
nce/continuum/Pages/scilang.aspx
“What Is Emotive Language? (with Examples)”
• https://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/emotive_language.htm
“IA Richards’ Concept of the Two Uses of Language”
• https://literariness.org/2016/03/18/ia-richards-concept-of-the-two-uses-of-language/

29. anyquestions?
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