A hydraulic jack uses a liquid to transmit pressure through a system of connected cylinders to lift heavy loads using minimal force. It operates based on Pascal's principle that pressure in an enclosed liquid is transmitted equally in all directions. A small piston is used to pressurize the liquid, and this pressure is magnified in a larger piston due to the difference in their surface areas, allowing the jack to exert great lifting force with little effort. Common components include compressible fluid, pistons, valves, and a scissor mechanism to achieve lifting through a linked folding structure.

1.  A hydraulic jack is a device used to lift heavy loads. The device itself is
light, compact and portable, but is capable of exerting great force. The
device pushes liquid against a piston; pressure is built in the jack's
container. The jack is based on Pascal's law that the pressure of a liquid
in a container is the same at all points.
 A hydraulic jack is a jack that uses a liquid to push against a piston.
This is based on Pascal’s Principle. The principle states that pressure in
a closed container is the same at all points. If there are two cylinders
connected, applying force to the smaller cylinder will result in the same
amount of pressure in the larger cylinder. However, since the larger
cylinder has more area, the resulting force will be greater. In other
words, an increase in area leads to an increase in force. The greater the
difference in size between the two cylinders, the greater the increase in
the force will be. A hydraulic jack operates based on this two cylinder
system.

2.  Pressure on a confined fluid is transmitted undiminished and acts with equal force on equal areas
and at 90 degrees to the container wall.
 A fluid, such as oil, is displaced when either piston is pushed inward. The small piston, for a given
distance of movement, displaces a smaller amount of volume than the large piston, which is
proportional to the ratio of areas of the heads of the pistons. Therefore, the small piston must be
moved a large distance to get the large piston to move significantly. The distance the large piston will
move is the distance that the small piston is moved divided by the ratio of the areas of the heads of
the pistons. This is how energy, in the form of work in this case, is conserved and the Law of
Conservation of Energy is satisfied. Work is force times distance, and since the force is increased on
the larger piston, the distance the force is applied over must be decreased.

3.  The jack uses compressible fluid, which is
forced into a cylinder by a plunger. Oil is
usually used for the liquid because it is self-
lubricating and has stability compared with
other liquids. When the plunger comes up, it
pulls the liquid through a check valve suction
pump. When the plunger is lowered again, it
sends liquid through another valve into a
cylinder. A ball used for suction in the
cylinder shuts the cylinder and pressure
builds up in the cylinder. The suction valve
present in the jack opens at each draw of the
plunger. The discharge valve, which is outside
the jack, opens when oil is pushed into the
cylinder. The pressure of the liquid enables
the device to lift heavy loads.

4.  A scissors mechanism uses linked, folding supports
in a criss-cross 'X' pattern known as a pantograph.
 Extension is achieved by applying pressure to the
outside of a set of supports located at one end of the
mechanism, elongating the crossing pattern. This can
be achieved
through hydraulic, pneumatic, mechanical or
simply muscular means.
 It may require no power to return to its original
position, but simply a release of the original pressure.

5.  Stroke: this is the range of height safely attained by use of
a scissor lift. This is directly correlated with the number of
scissor intersections and the length of the components
used in the pantograph.
 Size: this is the dimensions of the work platform elevated
by the lift. Many lifts feature an extendable platform to
increase the area's square volume.
 Capacity: the maximum burden that the lift is designed to
safely support, be it personnel or freight.
 Tilt: in cargo-lifting situations it may be helpful to have a
lift table that can pitch its load to an angle to make the load
more accessible.

6.  TO MAKE A
WORKING
PROJECT ON
HYDROLIC JACK.
 PROCEDURE ARE
AS FOLLOW---