introduction,working principle, hydro-logical cycle, layout of power plant, penstock, spill way, turbines, advantage and disadvantage, site selection criteria,

1. JAIPUR NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Presentation
on
Hydro Power Plant
1
Submitted To:
Rahul Ranjan
(Asstt. Professor)
Dept. of Electrical Engg.
Submitted By:
Ajay Kumar
Roll No.- 6EE3
B.Tech (EE)

2. Contents
 Introduction
 Hydrological cycle
 Basic block diagram
 Layout of hydro power plant
 Components
 Turbines
 Pro and const.
 Site selection criteria
 References

3. Introduction of Hydroelectric Power Plant
Def :- The word hydro means “water”. The energy generated by
using water power is known as hydroelectric power.
• Water power - Potential and Kinetic energy of water
Working Principle: To use the kinetic energy of water due to stored
energy or potential energy

4. Hydrological cycle

5. Basic Block Daigram
reservior dam turbine generators

6. Layout Of Hydro Power Plant

7. Components
• Penstock- penstock is the long pipe or shaft that carries water flowing
from reservoir towards the power generation unit.
• The pressure capacity range of penstock is 5800 kg/cm for carbon steel,
and 12000 kg/cm for high strength steel.
• Surge tank- The tank connected with penstock to prevent the penstock
from the sudden surges of water. It also supplies the collected water into
penstock when water requirement increases.
• Intake or Control gates : these are the control gates present inside dam.
Amount of water supply is controlled by control gates.
• Spillway : provide safety to dam from the condition of overflow.

8. • Turbines : When water falls on the blades of the turbine the
kinetic energy of water is converted into rotational motion and the
rotating shaft enclosed inside the generator causes electricity
generation.
• Types of turbines : Francis turbine, Kaplan turbine
(high pressure) (even at low pressure)

9. Advantages:
• Control gates or sluice ways can be shut down and stop generation
when electricity is not needed.
• Once dam is constructed, electricity can produced at constant rate.
• Encourage Tourist attraction, Fishing, boating
• No standby losses.
• Quick starting power plant (nearly 5-6 minutes)
• No fuel is required
• Irrigation, supply to nearby cities, flood control
• Water will be available continuously, power plant can work
continuously one power plant installed.

10. Disadvantages
• Environmental consequences: Changing the direction of water
flow may cause dried up.
• Affect fish depending upon the type and stage of its lifecycle
• Setting up power plant is too expensive
• Erection takes long time
• Season dependent electricity generation
• Generally located near hilly areas and so they require long
transmission lines

11. Site Selection Criteria
• Availability of huge quantity of water
• Storage capacity of water should be high
• Land should available at reasonable price and should withstand
the pressure of weight of heavy water equipment.
• Transport facilities
• Good Topographical location (where river is narrowing)

12. References:
• https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02376886
• http://electricalengineeringtutorials.com/various-components-in-hydroelectric-
power-plants-functions/
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279502465_AN_OVERVIEW_OF_HYD
RO-ELECTRIC_POWER_PLANT

13. Thankyou
Any doubt!