This document describes the 300 MW Chamera-II hydroelectric project in Himachal Pradesh, India. It discusses key components of hydroelectric power generation including turbines, generators, transformers and switchyards. The project uses Francis turbines with a head of 267 meters to drive 3 generators of 100 MW each. Power is transformed from 11kV to 400kV before connecting to the transmission grid. The underground powerhouse has a generation capacity of 1500 million units annually.

1. NATIONAL HYDROELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION LTD.
CHAMERA –II (300 MW)
HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT CHAMBA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
INDIA
PRESENTED TO PRESENTED BY
HUSAIN AHMED RANJEET KR. VERMA
(PROFESSOR) 110070105060
EE 4th YEAR, B3

2. INTRODUCTION OF HYDROELECTRICITY
• Hydroelectricity is term referring to electricity generated by
hydropower. The production of electrical power through the
use of gravitational force of flowing water.
• It is renewable source of energy.
• 20% of power is generated through hydropower plant around
the world.
• Hydro energy= K.E + P.E → Mechanical energy → Electrical
energy generation.

3. CONCEPT OF HYDROPOWER PLANT

4. TYPES OF HYDROPOWER PLANT (DAM)
CONVENTIONAL DAM
• Hydroelectric power comes from
the potential energy of dammed
water driving a water turbine &
generator.
• This power is depend on the
volume & difference in height
b/w source and water outlet.
RUN OF THE RIVER
• This types of hydroelectric station
are those with no reservoir
capacity.
• It is generally diverting the flow
of water to the power house
through barrage.

5. CALCULATING THE POWER (MW)
P=ηρQgh MW
• P is power in mega-watt
• η is dimensional efficiency of the turbine
• ρ is density of water (kg/m3)
• Q is discharge of water (m3/sec)
• g is gravity (9.81m/sec2)
• h is height b/w inlet & outlet (HEAD)
• EXAMPLE:- Power is calculated for a turbine that is 85% efficient, with
water at 1000 kg/cubic meter (62.5 pounds/cubic foot) and a flow rate of
80 cubic-meters/second(2800 cubic-feet/second), gravity of 9.81 meters
per second squared and with a net head of 145 m (480 ft)
Power(W)= 0.85*1000*80*9.81*145=96,726,600 W = 96.726 MW

6. CHAMERA-II HYDROPROJECT
• Chamera II is run of river hydroelectric dam built by NHPC India. It is a 300
MW (3x100 MW) project built on the Ravi River in Himachal Pradesh. It
was commissioned in March 2004.

7. POWER HOUSE
• Type of power house : Underground
• Installed capacity: 300MW
• No. of generating unit : 3 (three, 100MW each)
• Annual energy generation: 1500 M.U

8. IMPORTANT COMPONENTS
OF POWER HOUSE
• A water turbine is a rotary engine that takes
energy from moving water.
• Shaft connected to turbine runner at one end
and another end to generator rotor.
• Electric generator is a device that converts
mechanical energy to electrical energy.
• Excitation system provide direct current to the
synchronous generator field winding.
• Cooling system use of cooling.
• Transformer step-up the voltage from 11 KV to
400 KV.
• A substation/switchyard is a part of an
electrical generation, transmission, and
distribution system, where voltage is
transformed from high to low, or the reverse.
• Electric overhead crane found in most factories
and power plant. These cranes are electrically
operated by a control pendant, radio/IR
remote pendant or from an operator cabin
attached with the crane itself.
• TURBINE
• SHAFT
• GENERATOR
• DC EXCITATION SYSTEM
• COOLING SYETEM
• TRANSFORMER
• SWITCH YARD
• PROTECTION SYSTEM
• ELECTRIC OVERHEAD
TRAVELLING CRANE (EOT)

9. TYPES OF TURBINES
A) Kaplan B) Francis C) Pelton
1. Kaplan:- The head ranges from 10–150 meters and the output from 5 to
200 MW. Runner diameters are between 2 and 11 meters. The range of
the turbine rotation is from 80 to 430 rpm.
2. Francis:- The head ranges from 150-350 meters and the output from 10
to 750 MW. Runner diameters are between 2 and 11 meters. The range
of the turbine rotation is from 80 to 1000 rpm.
3. Pelton:- The head ranges from 200–1800 meters and the output from 5
to 350 MW. Runner diameters is up to 4 meter.

10. TURBINE AND ITS
ASSOCIATED PARTS
• Turbine works as a prime mover and
coupled with rotor to rotate the rotor to
generate power.
• In CHEP-II, Francis type turbine having a net
head of 267 meters and rated output of 100
MW at a discharge of 42 m3/sec at a rated
speed of 300 rpm.
• Water from a spiral casing enters through a
20 guide vanes and strikes at 13 blades of
runner, which coupled to the turbine shaft.
• Turbine shaft is coupled to the intermediate
shaft, which is coupled to Generator rotor.
• The opening of guide vanes depends upon
the generation requirement.
• Water after striking the blades of runner
falls axially in the draft tube.
• Francis turbine
• Penstock
• Guide vanes
• Spiral casing
• Servomotor
• Draft tube

11. SOME ASSOCIATED PARTS OF TURBINE FLOOR

13. GENERATOR AND ITS
ASSOCIATED PARTS
• 3-Phase Alternator of 100 MW (3 Units)
• Armature winding, which provided on stator
exports AC power
• the field winding on rotor is energized from
a DC source.
• No. of poles -20
• Rated continuous out put - 111.1 MVA
• Maximum continuous output -125.0 MVA
• Rated voltage -11 KV
• Rated p.f. - 0.9
• Rated current -5831 A
• Rated frequency -50 Hz
• Excitation -220 V DC
• Speed of rotor -300 RPM
• Stator
• Rotor
• Poles
• Oil circulating system

14. WATER COOLING SYSTEM
• Open loop system
In open loop system water comes
from the Penstock and after cooling
it goes to the tail race.
• Closed loop system
In closed loop system the water
comes from the cooling pond and
after cooling it returns to the cooling
pond.

15. TRANSFORMER
TRANSFORMER:- A transformer is an static device that is use to step-up and step-
down the voltages through electromagnetic induction.
TRANSFORMER USED IN POWER HOUSE
Step up, Oil immersed transformer
• Phase -Single phase (3 transformer used for each units)
• Rated capacity - 41 MVA
• Rated Freq. -50 Hz
• HV Side -400/√3 KV (STAR)
• LV Side -11 KV (DELTA)
• Cooling -OF & WF

16. SWITCHYARD/SUBSTATION
• A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and
distribution system.
• A substation may include transformers to change voltage levels between
high transmission voltages and lower distribution voltages, or at the
interconnection of two different transmission voltages.

17. THANK YOU