Heart is located mid vertically behind the sternum in the thoracic region where it is well protected by skeletal element of thoracic region or chest cage. It is a cone shaped organ with a pointed end directed towards downwards and slightly tilted to left side. Its weight is about 220 to 260 gram. This muscular organ is covered by a tough and fibrous double layer sac called as pericardium. The layer close to the heart is called is called visceral pericardial while the outer layer is called partial pericardial. The space between the two pericardial layer is called pericardial cavity an this cavity is filled with a fluid called pericardial fluid. This fluid prevent the heart from any kind of mechanical jerk and also reduce the friction between two layers.

1. Approved by AICTE & PCI, NEW Delhi, Govt. of
Rajasthan.
Affiliated to RUHS, Jaipur
SP – 1 RIICO Industrial Area, Jhalawar Road, Ranpur
kota (Rajsthan.) INDIA
Presented by:
Afridi
Saud.
Guided by:
Miss Pratishtha
Sharma.
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2. Human Heart
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3.  Heart is located mid vertically
behind the sternum in the
thoracic region where it is well
protected by skeletal element of
thoracic region or chest cage. It is
a cone shaped organ with a
pointed end directed towards
downwards and slightly tilted to
left side. Its weight is about 220
to 260 gram. This muscular
organ is covered by a tough and
fibrous double layer sac called as
pericardium.
The layer close to the heart is
called is called visceral pericardial
while the outer layer is called
partial pericardial. The space
between the two pericardial layer
is called pericardial cavity an this
cavity is filled with a fluid called
pericardial fluid. This fluid
prevent the heart from any kind
of mechanical jerk and also
reduce the friction between two
layers.
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Heart
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4.  The human heart is four
chambered organ consisting of
two upper chambers are called
atrium [left & right atrium]
and lower chambers are called
as ventricle [left & right
ventricle]. The two thin walled
atria is are separated by a
partition called as interatrial
septum. The right atrium is
slightly larger than left atrium
because it receives blood from
all of the body through superior
and inferior vena cava while
left atrium receives blood from
lungs. As compare to two thin
walled atria the two ventricle
are thick walled chamber of the
heart because both have to
pump out the blood with force.
The RV & LV are separated
internally by interventricular
septum.
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4 of 7Anatomy Of Heart [External]
Figure: 3 0f 5

5.  The right atrium communicates
with the right ventricle through
a passage called atrioventricular
aperture which posses a
tricuspid valve consisting of
three flaps. The left atrium is
also communicate with left
ventricle through a similar
passage which posses a bicuspid
valve consisting two flap. During
embryonic life there is a hole in
the interatrial septum due to
which two atria are
communicate with each other.
This passage is called as fossa
ovalis. The valve present at the
beginning of trunk is called
pulmonary valve and the valve
present at beginning of aorta is
called aortic valve. One more
valve is present at end of
inferior vena cava is called
eustachian valve. All there valves
prevents the back flow of blood.
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5 of 7Anatomy Of Heart [Internal]
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6. ByAfridiSaud.
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 It collect blood from anterior and
posterior part of the body with the
help of superior and inferior vena
cava and pore it in the right
atrium.
 Right atrium after filled with
deoxygenated blood create pressure
on tricuspid valve and blood
transfer into right ventricle.
 After filling right ventricle with
deoxygenated blood it create
pressure on pulmonary valve and all
the blood transfer in the lungs for
oxygenation.
 After that oxygenated blood comes
in the left atrium through
pulmonary vein.
 After filling blood in left atrium it
create pressure on bicuspid valve
and the blood transfer into the left
ventricle.
 After filling left ventricle it create
pressure on the aortic valve through
which the complete originated blood
transfer into hole body.
Physiology Of Heart
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7. Thank
s.
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