3GPP will standardize a V2X system in Rel.14. The presentation outlines the Huawei vision on V2X and the status in 3GPP. Please contact me for related updates on 3GPP standardisation.
Introducing new Cellular V2X technologies, designed to connect vehicles to each other (V2V), to pedestrians (V2P), to roadway infrastructure (V2I), to the network (V2N) — to basically everything (V2X).
This presentation covers how:
- The evolutionary roadmap for C-V2X towards 5G
will be key for safety and autonomous driving
- C-V2X provides a higher performance radio, reusing
upper layers defined by the automotive industry
- C-V2X is gaining momentum and broad ecosystem support
- Qualcomm is leading the way to 5G; accelerating
the future of autonomous vehicles
A presentation by John Kenney of Toyota InfoTechnology Center on Apr 9 2019 to the Silicon Valley Automotive Open Source Group: https://www.meetup.com/Silicon-Valley-Automotive-Open-Source/events/259384384/
The slides include the introduction to vehicular technology, two radio access vehicular technology DSRC & C-V2X. Also Vehicular Named Data Networking (V-NDN) along with research challenges and future research directions is presented.
Introducing new Cellular V2X technologies, designed to connect vehicles to each other (V2V), to pedestrians (V2P), to roadway infrastructure (V2I), to the network (V2N) — to basically everything (V2X).
This presentation covers how:
- The evolutionary roadmap for C-V2X towards 5G
will be key for safety and autonomous driving
- C-V2X provides a higher performance radio, reusing
upper layers defined by the automotive industry
- C-V2X is gaining momentum and broad ecosystem support
- Qualcomm is leading the way to 5G; accelerating
the future of autonomous vehicles
A presentation by John Kenney of Toyota InfoTechnology Center on Apr 9 2019 to the Silicon Valley Automotive Open Source Group: https://www.meetup.com/Silicon-Valley-Automotive-Open-Source/events/259384384/
The slides include the introduction to vehicular technology, two radio access vehicular technology DSRC & C-V2X. Also Vehicular Named Data Networking (V-NDN) along with research challenges and future research directions is presented.
Intermediate: Vehicle to Everything (V2X) Introduction3G4G
A short introduction to what is meant by V2X or Vehicle to Everything
All our #3G4G5G slides and videos are available at:
Videos: https://www.youtube.com/3G4G5G
Slides: https://www.slideshare.net/3G4GLtd
5G Page: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/5G/
Free Training Videos: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/Training/
This presentation takes a look at the technology roadmap for 5G NR millimeter wave (mmWave). Including features such as integrated access and backhaul (IAB), enhancements in beam management, mobility, coverage, and more. For more information, please visit www.qualcomm.com/mmwave
What is V2X? The term covers a range of technology, actually, such as:
- Vehicle to vehicle communications
- Vehicle to infrastructure communications
- Vehicle to pedestrian communications
And much more. Learn about the technology at play and what challenges implementers face in this presentation.
Beginners: Introduction to 5G Reduced Capability (RedCap) Devices3G4G
A quick introduction to new 3GPP Release-17 feature called RedCap or Reduced Capability New Radio devices. This feature was earlier called NR-Light / NR-Lite and is sometimes referred to as Low Complexity NR devices.
This tutorial looks at why this is needed, how is it different from the existing 5G requirements for eMBB, URLLC & mMTC, and why can't 4G be used instead of 5G for this feature.
We will also look at some of the proposals for enhancement of RedCap that are being discussed for 5G-Advanced in 3GPP Release-18
All our #3G4G5G slides and videos are available at:
Videos: https://www.youtube.com/3G4G5G
Slides: https://www.slideshare.net/3G4GLtd
5G Page: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/5G/
Free Training Videos: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/Training/
Traffic Control and Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) CommunicationsOfinno
As the number of vehicles increases, traffic accidents and waste of resources due to
congestion are consistently growing every year. Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) is a
key technology improving driving safety and traffic efficiency by enabling traffic elements
such as vehicles, roadside infrastructures, networks, and pedestrians to communicate with
each other. Dynamic interactions between traffic elements ultimately facilitate intelligent
autonomous driving. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Technical Specification
Group has developed a series of standards for cellular V2X features and is working on
continuous enhancements for higher reliable and low latency communication. This paper
provides an overview of cellular V2X use cases and 3GPP standardization, and summarizes
the impact of the V2X technology.
How do we prepare for the next 40 years? Do we need to worry about this now? What do we know about the timeline? We will explore what we know now and what we need to consider going forward. Presented at the 2017 D-STOP Symposium.
V2X communication is the passing of information from a vehicle to any entity that may affect the vehicle, and vice versa. This information exchange can be used for a host of safety, mobility and environmental applications to include driver assistance and vehicle safety , speed adaptation and warning, emergency response, safety, traveller information, navigation, traffic operations and demand management, personal navigation, commercial fleet planning and payment transactions. There is significant societal benefit and commercial value to delivering safety, mobility and convenience applications that rely on V2X.
How will sidelink bring a new level of 5G versatility.pdfQualcomm Research
Today, the 5G system mainly operates on a network-to-device communication model, exemplified by enhanced mobile broadband use cases where all data transmissions are between the network (i.e., base station) and devices (e.g., smartphone). However, to fully deliver on the original 5G vision of supporting diverse devices, services, and deployment scenarios, we need to expand the 5G topology further to reach new levels of performance and efficiency.
That is why sidelink communication was introduced in 3GPP standards, designed to facilitate direct communication between devices, independent of connectivity via the cellular infrastructure. Beyond automotive communication, it also benefits many other 5G use cases such as IoT, mobile broadband, and public safety.
The Basics of Automotive Ethernet Webinar Slidedeckteledynelecroy
Evolving from the BroadR-Reach standard, Automotive Ethernet enables faster data communication to meet the demands of today’s vehicles and the connected vehicles of the future.
This session will focus on the fundamentals of the Automotive Ethernet ecosystem. It will include a brief history and evolution of the standard, and an overview of benefits of the new technology and the associated design challenges. We will conclude with an introduction into the test requirements and the analysis tools available to help troubleshoot and qualify designs.
6G Training Course Part 9: Course Summary & Conclusion3G4G
After our successful launch of '5G for Absolute Beginners' course (http://bit.ly/5Gbegins) in 2020, we decided to create an introductory training course on 6G Mobile Wireless Communications technology. The course is ready and the best way to navigate it is via the Free 6G Training page at: https://bit.ly/6Gintro - this will ensure that you have the latest version of each video and also the most recent version of the 6G technologies videos as and they are added.
In this part we are providing a summary of the course and concluding with the next steps. Hopefully you found this course informative and useful. Do let us know what you thought and how do you think the 6G journey will proceed.
This course is part of #Free6Gtraining initiative (https://www.free6gtraining.com/)
All our #3G4G5G slides and videos are available at:
Videos: https://www.youtube.com/3G4G5G
Slides: https://www.slideshare.net/3G4GLtd
6G and Beyond-5G Page: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/6G/
Free Training Videos: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/Training/
Free 6G Training Blog: https://www.free6gtraining.com/
LTE Measurement: How to test a device
This course provides an overview with practical examples and exercises on how to test a LTE-capable device while performing standardized RF measurements such as power, signal quality, spectrum and receier sensitivity, and how to automate these measurements in a simple and cost-effective way. We will present testing of LTE handsets in terms of protocol signaling scenarios and handover to other radio technologies for interoperability. This course will demonstrate end-to-end (E2E), throughput and application testing using the Rohde & Schwarz R&S®CMW500 Wideband Radio Communication Tester. Examles of application tests are voice over LTE, (VoLTE) or Video over LTE.
Cellular networks have facilitated positioning in addition to voice or data communications from the beginning, since 2G, and we’ve since grown to rely on positioning technology to make our lives safer, simpler, more productive, and even fun. Cellular positioning complements other technologies to operate indoors and outdoors, including dense urban environments where tall buildings interfere with satellite positioning. It works whether we’re standing still, walking, or in a moving vehicle. With 5G, cellular positioning breaks new ground to bring robust precise positioning indoors and outdoors, to meet even the most demanding Industry 4.0 needs.
As we look to the future, the Connected Intelligent Edge will bring a new dimension of positional insight to a broad range of devices, improving wireless use cases still under development. We’re already charting the course to 5G Advanced and beyond by working on the evolution of cellular positioning technology to include RF sensing for situational awareness.
Download the deck to learn more.
Low Power Wireless Technologies and Standards for the Internet of ThingsDuncan Purves
Presentation on low power wireless technologies and standards for the Internet of Things (iOT), given at the BCS Communications Management Association AGM on 5th April 2016
Status 3GPP LTE-V2X work item on vehicular communication - Sept 2016 Eiko Seidel
3GPP started to work on developing functionality to provide enhancements specific for vehicular communications both in terms of direct communication between vehicles, and vehicles to pedestrian/infrastructure, and cellular communications with networks. This document summarizes the status of the V2X work in 3GPP.
source: www.3gpp.org - TDoc RP-161788
3GPP Standards for the Internet-of-ThingsEiko Seidel
Presenation by 3GPP RAN3 Chairman - Philippe Reininger - at the IoT Business & Technologies Congress (November 30, in Singapore). Main topics are eMTC, NB-IOT and EC-GSM-IoT as completed in 3GPP Release 13 and enhanced in Release 14
Intermediate: Vehicle to Everything (V2X) Introduction3G4G
A short introduction to what is meant by V2X or Vehicle to Everything
All our #3G4G5G slides and videos are available at:
Videos: https://www.youtube.com/3G4G5G
Slides: https://www.slideshare.net/3G4GLtd
5G Page: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/5G/
Free Training Videos: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/Training/
This presentation takes a look at the technology roadmap for 5G NR millimeter wave (mmWave). Including features such as integrated access and backhaul (IAB), enhancements in beam management, mobility, coverage, and more. For more information, please visit www.qualcomm.com/mmwave
What is V2X? The term covers a range of technology, actually, such as:
- Vehicle to vehicle communications
- Vehicle to infrastructure communications
- Vehicle to pedestrian communications
And much more. Learn about the technology at play and what challenges implementers face in this presentation.
Beginners: Introduction to 5G Reduced Capability (RedCap) Devices3G4G
A quick introduction to new 3GPP Release-17 feature called RedCap or Reduced Capability New Radio devices. This feature was earlier called NR-Light / NR-Lite and is sometimes referred to as Low Complexity NR devices.
This tutorial looks at why this is needed, how is it different from the existing 5G requirements for eMBB, URLLC & mMTC, and why can't 4G be used instead of 5G for this feature.
We will also look at some of the proposals for enhancement of RedCap that are being discussed for 5G-Advanced in 3GPP Release-18
All our #3G4G5G slides and videos are available at:
Videos: https://www.youtube.com/3G4G5G
Slides: https://www.slideshare.net/3G4GLtd
5G Page: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/5G/
Free Training Videos: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/Training/
Traffic Control and Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) CommunicationsOfinno
As the number of vehicles increases, traffic accidents and waste of resources due to
congestion are consistently growing every year. Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) is a
key technology improving driving safety and traffic efficiency by enabling traffic elements
such as vehicles, roadside infrastructures, networks, and pedestrians to communicate with
each other. Dynamic interactions between traffic elements ultimately facilitate intelligent
autonomous driving. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Technical Specification
Group has developed a series of standards for cellular V2X features and is working on
continuous enhancements for higher reliable and low latency communication. This paper
provides an overview of cellular V2X use cases and 3GPP standardization, and summarizes
the impact of the V2X technology.
How do we prepare for the next 40 years? Do we need to worry about this now? What do we know about the timeline? We will explore what we know now and what we need to consider going forward. Presented at the 2017 D-STOP Symposium.
V2X communication is the passing of information from a vehicle to any entity that may affect the vehicle, and vice versa. This information exchange can be used for a host of safety, mobility and environmental applications to include driver assistance and vehicle safety , speed adaptation and warning, emergency response, safety, traveller information, navigation, traffic operations and demand management, personal navigation, commercial fleet planning and payment transactions. There is significant societal benefit and commercial value to delivering safety, mobility and convenience applications that rely on V2X.
How will sidelink bring a new level of 5G versatility.pdfQualcomm Research
Today, the 5G system mainly operates on a network-to-device communication model, exemplified by enhanced mobile broadband use cases where all data transmissions are between the network (i.e., base station) and devices (e.g., smartphone). However, to fully deliver on the original 5G vision of supporting diverse devices, services, and deployment scenarios, we need to expand the 5G topology further to reach new levels of performance and efficiency.
That is why sidelink communication was introduced in 3GPP standards, designed to facilitate direct communication between devices, independent of connectivity via the cellular infrastructure. Beyond automotive communication, it also benefits many other 5G use cases such as IoT, mobile broadband, and public safety.
The Basics of Automotive Ethernet Webinar Slidedeckteledynelecroy
Evolving from the BroadR-Reach standard, Automotive Ethernet enables faster data communication to meet the demands of today’s vehicles and the connected vehicles of the future.
This session will focus on the fundamentals of the Automotive Ethernet ecosystem. It will include a brief history and evolution of the standard, and an overview of benefits of the new technology and the associated design challenges. We will conclude with an introduction into the test requirements and the analysis tools available to help troubleshoot and qualify designs.
6G Training Course Part 9: Course Summary & Conclusion3G4G
After our successful launch of '5G for Absolute Beginners' course (http://bit.ly/5Gbegins) in 2020, we decided to create an introductory training course on 6G Mobile Wireless Communications technology. The course is ready and the best way to navigate it is via the Free 6G Training page at: https://bit.ly/6Gintro - this will ensure that you have the latest version of each video and also the most recent version of the 6G technologies videos as and they are added.
In this part we are providing a summary of the course and concluding with the next steps. Hopefully you found this course informative and useful. Do let us know what you thought and how do you think the 6G journey will proceed.
This course is part of #Free6Gtraining initiative (https://www.free6gtraining.com/)
All our #3G4G5G slides and videos are available at:
Videos: https://www.youtube.com/3G4G5G
Slides: https://www.slideshare.net/3G4GLtd
6G and Beyond-5G Page: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/6G/
Free Training Videos: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/Training/
Free 6G Training Blog: https://www.free6gtraining.com/
LTE Measurement: How to test a device
This course provides an overview with practical examples and exercises on how to test a LTE-capable device while performing standardized RF measurements such as power, signal quality, spectrum and receier sensitivity, and how to automate these measurements in a simple and cost-effective way. We will present testing of LTE handsets in terms of protocol signaling scenarios and handover to other radio technologies for interoperability. This course will demonstrate end-to-end (E2E), throughput and application testing using the Rohde & Schwarz R&S®CMW500 Wideband Radio Communication Tester. Examles of application tests are voice over LTE, (VoLTE) or Video over LTE.
Cellular networks have facilitated positioning in addition to voice or data communications from the beginning, since 2G, and we’ve since grown to rely on positioning technology to make our lives safer, simpler, more productive, and even fun. Cellular positioning complements other technologies to operate indoors and outdoors, including dense urban environments where tall buildings interfere with satellite positioning. It works whether we’re standing still, walking, or in a moving vehicle. With 5G, cellular positioning breaks new ground to bring robust precise positioning indoors and outdoors, to meet even the most demanding Industry 4.0 needs.
As we look to the future, the Connected Intelligent Edge will bring a new dimension of positional insight to a broad range of devices, improving wireless use cases still under development. We’re already charting the course to 5G Advanced and beyond by working on the evolution of cellular positioning technology to include RF sensing for situational awareness.
Download the deck to learn more.
Low Power Wireless Technologies and Standards for the Internet of ThingsDuncan Purves
Presentation on low power wireless technologies and standards for the Internet of Things (iOT), given at the BCS Communications Management Association AGM on 5th April 2016
Status 3GPP LTE-V2X work item on vehicular communication - Sept 2016 Eiko Seidel
3GPP started to work on developing functionality to provide enhancements specific for vehicular communications both in terms of direct communication between vehicles, and vehicles to pedestrian/infrastructure, and cellular communications with networks. This document summarizes the status of the V2X work in 3GPP.
source: www.3gpp.org - TDoc RP-161788
3GPP Standards for the Internet-of-ThingsEiko Seidel
Presenation by 3GPP RAN3 Chairman - Philippe Reininger - at the IoT Business & Technologies Congress (November 30, in Singapore). Main topics are eMTC, NB-IOT and EC-GSM-IoT as completed in 3GPP Release 13 and enhanced in Release 14
Overview 5G Architecture Options from Deutsche TelekomEiko Seidel
At 3GPP RAN#72 5G Architecture discussion took place. This document lists all options that are under discussion.
Source: RP-161266 at RAN#72 Deutsche Telekom
AT&T View on LTE to 5G Network Migration Eiko Seidel
3GPP currently investigates possible 5G architecture options and how to migrate from LTE to 5G. The first stip will be to use Dual Connectivity with 5G while LTE is the Primary Cell. This will allow for very early deployments. Further steps are still to be defined and highly depend on the relation of EPC and Next Generation Core.
3GPP TR 22.885 study on LTE support for V2X servicesYi-Hsueh Tsai
The vehicular communication in this study, referred to as Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), contains the following three different types:
- Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) Communications
- Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) Communications
- Vehicle to Pedestrian (V2P) Communications
LTE Release 13 and SMARTER – Road Towards 5GYi-Hsueh Tsai
3GPP Overview
TSG Plenary Status
RAN workshop on 5G
SA1 5G SMARTER
Radio Interface Technology definition
Time Delay analysis
Four New Building Block Study Items for 5G
Enhanced Mobile Broadband
Massive Internet of Things
Critical Machine Communications (ultra-reliable and low latency)
Network operation (including Migration and Interworking)
Capabilities of Future IMT systems
Conclusions
5G New Radio Timeline after RAN#72 RP-161253Eiko Seidel
Discussion about the 5G timeline and content took place at the RAN#72 meeting in Busan in June 2016. This document is a summary that was endorsed by the RAN plenary.
Nice presentation by Nokia talking about 5G network and radio enhancements such as 5G Quality of Service, Netowrk Slicing, Latency Reduction and architecture issue. Thanks Benoist for this and your work in 3GPP RAN2.
In the years gone by, Arena Vadapalani grew from strength to strength. We pledge to renew our commitment to excellence in every dimension of Animation Education. We hereby rededicate ourselves in going the extra mile to equip our current and future student generations with the vital edge in their careers.
Today we are recognized as one of the fastest growing Multimedia Training Centre in India. We have been providing learning with the very best and delivering world-class quality, competence and consistency in its offerings.
The CEVA-XC12 is purpose-built from the ground up to solve the most critical challenges of efficiently implementing 5G, LTE-A Pro, MU-MIMO Wi-Fi and other multi-gigabit modems.
Országos információs körútra indulnak a SMART interaktív táblák az Interaktív Kool-Túra program keretében.
A SMART interaktív táblák kizárólagos hazai képviselete, az LSK. Hungária Kft. szakértő csapata, az ország több nagyvárosában helybe viszi a HunDidac 2011 Szakkiállításon nagy sikerrel bemutatott SMART stand programját azon pedagógusok és intézményvezetők számára is, akik nem tudtak ellátogatni a rendezvényre.
Study of Utilising SCM – MIMO Channel Model in V2V CommunicationScott Turner
In the recent year’s vehicular ad hoc networks VANETs
has received significant attention in the intelligent transport
system research. Vehicle-to-vehicle V2V communication can be considered an important approach to help the drivers to satisfy requirements like less congestion, accident warning, road exploration, etc. The propagation issues such as path loss,
multipath fading, shadowing loss, depolarization loss, and
polarization mismatch loss significantly affect the reliability of V2V communication.
The goal of this paper is to evaluate the performance of the
PHY layer in V2V communication using a modified Spatial
Channel Model SCM-MIMO.
Presented at Nets4Cars: 6-8 Oct 2014, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
The pace of LTE network deployment is accelerating all over the world, which enables more and more advanced services and Internet applications making use of the inherent benefits of LTE such as higher data rate, lower latency and enhanced coverage, etc. Widely deployed LTE based infrastructure provides the opportunity for the vehicle industry to realize the concept of ‘connected car’. By providing a vehicle access into the LTE network infrastructure, a vehicle can be connected to the Internet and other vehicles so that a broad range of existing or new services can be envisaged for the vehicle industry and the mobile industry as well.
Importantly, Proximity Service (ProSe) introduced in Release 12 will also provide functionalities to implement V2X services. Furthermore, LTE-based broadcast services such as PWS and eMBMS could provide additional functionalities for V2X services. It can be considered that some services will rely on wide-area network access which may be provided by GSM, UMTS, or by LTE.
This study proposes to document V2X use cases and assess the applicability of LTE technology to meet the operator, end-user and automotive industry expectations.
Cooperative systems offer a universal way for roadside equipment to communicate with vehicles. It provides open connectivity, as promoted by the European Commission. And it also allows multiple applications, to run side by side.
2015 D-STOP Symposium session by Samsung Research America's Thomas Novlan. Watch the presentation at http://youtu.be/cO6qCwhVz8A?t=17m57s
Get symposium details: http://ctr.utexas.edu/research/d-stop/education/annual-symposium/
5G Technology stands for the 5th Generation Mobile technology. 5G is a next major phase of mobile telecommunications standards beyond the 4G standards. 5G is expected to provide speed upto 10Gbit/s, wider frequency band,
high increased peak bit rate, high system spectral efficiency, ubiquitous connectivity and a significant increase in QoS as
compared to current 4G technology. Evolution of mobile communication technology to 5G is discussed in this review, followed by protocol stack and 5G architecture. A wide comparison is given between the various generations so as to compare why 5G technology is better and needed.
Accelerating the mobile ecosystem expansion in the 5G Era with LTE Advanced ProQualcomm Research
5G will connect virtually everything around us to transform a wide range of industries — manufacturing, automotive, logistics, and many more, and we are on track to make 5G NR — the global 5G standard — a commercial reality by 2019. However, this first phase of 5G mainly focuses on enhanced mobile broadband services, which will contribute to part of the total projected $12T 5G economy. 5G NR will continue to evolve in Release 16 and beyond to further expand 5G’s reach to new devices, services, and ecosystem players.
So, do we have to wait until 2020+ for the next phase of 5G NR before we can start enabling new mobile use cases?
LTE Advanced Pro will fill the gap and is continuing to evolve to bring new capabilities and efficiencies. Check out this presentation for:
• Gigabit LTE: anchoring the 5G mobile experience now with over 45 commercial networks globally. Our 3rd gen chipset — the Qualcomm Snapdragon X24 can deliver up to 2 Gbps.
• LTE IoT: starting to connect the massive IoT today, and its continued evolution will be fully leveraged by 5G NR IoT in Rel-16+.
• C-V2X: establishing the foundation for enhanced safety use cases in Rel-14 and a continued 5G NR C-V2X evolution for future autonomous vehicles.
• Private networks: delivering an optimized solution for the industrial IoT, and establishing the foundation to private 5G NR networks that will enable new use cases.
A Fresh Approach to Remote IoT ConnectivityPodsystem M2M
Our infographic “A Fresh Approach to remote IoT Connectivity” has been designed to provide IoT applications developers – particularly those focused on remote, roaming and mission critical applications – with information and advice on connectivity options, device design and future-proofing to prolong the lifespan of the application and avoid costly mistakes.
Our infographic “A Fresh Approach to remote IoT Connectivity” has been designed to provide IoT applications developers – particularly those focused on remote, roaming and mission critical applications – with information and advice on connectivity options, device design and future-proofing to prolong the lifespan of the application and avoid costly mistakes.
Long term evolution (LTE) is replacing the 3G services slowly but steadily and become a preferred choice
for data for human to human (H2H) services and now it is becoming preferred choice for voice also. In
some developed countries the traditional 2G services gradually decommissioned from the service and
getting replaced with LTE for all H2H services. LTE provided high downlink and uplink bandwidth
capacity and is one of the technology like mobile ad hoc network (MANET) and vehicular ad hoc network
(VANET) being used as the backbone communication infrastructure for vehicle networking applications.
When Compared to VANET and MANET, LTE provides wide area of coverage and excellent infrastructure
facilities for vehicle networking. This helps in transmitting the vehicle information to the operator and
downloading certain information into the vehicle nodes (VNs) from the operators server. As per the ETSI
publications the number of machine to machine communication (MTC) devices are expected to touch 50
billion by 2020 and this will surpass H2H communication. With growing congestion in the LTE network,
accessing the network for any request from VN especially during peak hour is a big challenge because of
the congestion in random access channel (RACH). In this paper we will analyse this RACH congestion
problem with the data from the live network. Lot of algorithms are proposed for resolving the RACH
congestion on the basis of simulation results so we would like to present some practical data from the live
network to this issue to understand the extent RACH congestion issue in the real time scenario.
Preparing for CV Deployment read ahead 9-8-18raymurphy9533
The fundamental premise of the connected vehicle environment lies in the power of wireless connectivity among vehicles (V2V communications), the infrastructure (V2I communications), and mobile devices to bring about transformative changes in highway safety, mobility, and the environmental impacts of the transportation system.
Infographic: Critical communication at the crossroadsPetr Nemec
Traditional PMR (Professional Mobile Radio) systems are well-established in critical communication resp. control room applications but mobile broadband technology is pushing into this mostly analogue domain.
What kind of development is expected in the coming years and how does that impact operators in their upgrading decision?
Is there a way to marry old and new technology and still adhere to the MPTT standards established in the latest 3GPP releases?
Still NR Rel.15 was primarily designed for high frequency, high throughput small and mid-range communication systems mostly in dense urban and urban macro environments. In our view, this leaves out a large number of poorly connected populations that live in rural areas without viable solution even for basic broadband communication. We want to address this issue in the NR Rel.17 RAN1 work item on coverage enhancement. Discussion will start tonight in the 3GPP RAN1 e-meeting.
This document discussed open issues regarding coverage in long-distance scenarios. In addition, this document illustrates the baseline coverage performance of extreme long–range rural scenarios for FR1 700 MHz both in DL and UL based on system-level simulations.
Final Performance Evaluation of 3GPP NR eMBB within 5G-PPP consortiumEiko Seidel
Nomor Research contributed extensive system level simulation results to the evaluation group of the 5G-PPP consortium as an independent source. The evaluation has been submitted to 34th meeting of the ITU-R Working Party 5D confirming that the 5G requirements of 3GPP New Radio air interface are indeed fulfilled. With the presentation of the evaluation reports at the ITU-R Working Party 5D meeting held in Geneva, Switzerland, in February 2020, the independent evaluation activity has officially been closed.
The system level simulations performed by Nomor Research GmbH are only a part of the overall evaluation of the 5G NR air interface. A summary of the simulation-based evaluation based on the 5G NR RealNeS system simulator is being provided in this white paper.
Motivation and results coverage enhancment for 3GPP NR Rel.17 Eiko Seidel
In this paper we would like to emphasize once again the need to look at large coverage scenarios for 5G NR and express our support for the creation of a Rel.17 work item. Furthermore, we provide first system-level simulation results to further motivate work on coverage enhancements and prove our commitment to contribute to a study item in the working groups in Rel.17 with independent performance evaluation.
3GPP RAN plenary meeting #84 in Newport Beach, US, in June 2019, discussed the content of 5G New Radio (5G-NR) Release 17 standardization. One of the defined key areas for 5G enhancements for 5G enhancements is NR Broadcast / Multicast (BC/MC). Important use cases for this technology are NR Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), NR Public Safety and NR Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN). This white paper proposes a mechanism of link adaptation in coordination with higher layer Error Correction. A detailed description and system-level simulation-based evaluation of the proposed scheme is provided in this White Paper.
Evaluation of 5G Data Duplication for URLLC - Nomor Reseach GmbHEiko Seidel
As you might know Data Duplication can be used in combination of Carrier Aggregation or Dual Connectivity to increase reliability for services such as URLLC. Enclosed a paper of my colleague Dr. Volker Pauli with 5G system/protocol level simulation results for different scenarios for a CU/DU split architecture. Packet loss rates of 10-5 are feasible for URLLC within restricted service areas.
Status of 3GPP NR Rel.16 NR bands and band combinationsEiko Seidel
In this package, a list of the completed Rel.16 bands and band combinations up to March 2019 based on each CR and status report of each related work item is provided. The list are mainly for information.
Source: 3GPP RAN Plenary #83 Shenzhen, China, March 18th-21st, 2019
A Flexible Network Architecture for 5G SystemsEiko Seidel
In this paper, we define a flexible, adaptable, and programmable architecture for 5Gmobile networks, taking into consideration the requirements, KPIs, and the current gaps in the literature, based on three design fundamentals: (i) split of user and control plane, (ii) service-based architecturewithin the core network (in line with recent industry and standard consensus), and (iii) fully flexible support of E2E slicing via per-domain and cross-domain optimisation, devising inter-slice control and management functions, and refining the behavioural models via experiment-driven optimisation.The proposed architecture model further facilitates the
realisation of slices providing specific functionality, such as network resilience, security functions, and network elasticity. The proposed architecture consists of four different layers identified as network layer, controller layer, management and orchestration layer, and service layer. A key contribution of this paper is the definition of the role of each layer, the relationship between layers, and the identification of the required internal modules within each of the layers. In particular, the proposed architecture extends the reference architectures proposed in the Standards Developing Organisations like 3GPP and ETSI, by building on these while addressing several gaps identified within the corresponding baseline models. We additionally present findings, the design guidelines, and evaluation studies on a selected set of key concepts identified to enable flexible cloudification of the protocol stack, adaptive network slicing, and inter-slice control and management.
Overview 5G NR Radio Protocols by Intel Eiko Seidel
Very nice overview of the 5G Radio Interface protocol as defined by 3GPP in NR Rel.15. The document was submitted to the 3GPP workshop on ITU submission in Brussels on Oct 24, 2018.
Towards achieving-high-performance-in-5g-mobile-packet-cores-user-plane-functionEiko Seidel
White Paper Intel SK Telekom
This paper presents the architecture for a user plane function (UPF) in the mobile packet core (MPC) targeting 5G deployments.
3GPP Activity towards IMT-2020, G. Romano, TIM, Workshop on IMT-2020 Munich o...Eiko Seidel
IWP 5D host a workshop on IMT-2020 on Oct 4, 2017 in Munich, Germany. This presentation outlines the 3GPP activities towards a IMT-2020 submission to ITU.
Source: http://www.itu.int and http://www.3gpp.org
3GPP Newsletter: Status 5G Architecture Study in 3GPP SA2Eiko Seidel
The System and Service Aspects – Architecture group (SA2) of 3GPP has a dedicated study item for the study of the next generation networks. It is expected that this work will form the basis of the system architecture for the future 5G networks. Within SA2 group, regular meetings and discussions are held to discuss the progress of this study item. NoMoR Research follows these activities. This report presents a condensed summary of the earlier mentioned study item, including the latest updates from the most recent meeting held in Vienna, Austria from 11th – 14th July, 2016.
5G RAN - Split of Functions between Central and Distributed UnitEiko Seidel
R3-161285 from 3GPP TSG RAN WG3 Meeting #92 in Nanjing, China, 23 - 27 May 2016
Source: Deutsche Telekom, Orange, T-Mobile US, Telstra, SK Telecom
See: www.3gpp.org
The document shares some practical considerations from an operator viewpoint with the aim to aid the discussions to find reasonable functional split options between central and distributed unit for the NR.
White Paper: Dynamic TDD for LTE-a (eIMTA) and 5GEiko Seidel
LTE, which was originally designed with fixed FDD or TDD modes with little flexibility for varying the capacity split between uplink and downlink, is being augmented with features that allow for more flexible use of radio resources. One of these features is “enhanced Interference Mitigation and Traffic Adaptation” (eIMTA) which notably allows for very dynamic adaptation of the TDD pattern e.g. in response to varying capacity requirements in uplink and downlink. eIMTA was standardized in LTE-A Release 12 and eIMTA-like functionality is considered to be one of the key enablers for 5G technologies. The purpose of this paper therefore is to shed some light on eIMTA, its main characteristics and capabilities and to illustrate its behaviour by means of system-level simulations.
LTE networks get more mature and new terminals of different capabilities are being introduced. 3GPP just defined the new LTE-A UE categories to support terminals with peak data rates of up to 450 Mbps in the downlink. This white paper provides an overview of all existing LTE/LTE-A UE categories and presents the new Release 11 capabilities that have just been standardized. Furthermore it describes key scenarios and use cases such as the support for downlink carrier aggregation with 3 downlink carriers with up to 60 MHz of total bandwidth.
Heterogeneous LTE Networks and Inter-Cell Interference Coordination - Dec 201...Eiko Seidel
Initial deployments of LTE networks are based on so-called homogeneous networks consisting of base stations providing basic coverage, called macro base stations. The concept of heterogeneous networks has recently attracted considerable attention to optimize performance particularly for unequal user or traffic distribution. Here, the layer of planned high-power macro eNBs is overlaid with layers of lower-power pico or femto eNBs that are deployed in a less well planed or even entirely uncoordinated manner. Such deployments can achieve significantly improved overall capacity and cell-edge performance and are often seen as the second phase in LTE network deployment.
This paper discusses the concept of heterogeneous networks as compared to homogeneous networks. It demonstrates the need for inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) and outlines some ICIC methods that are feasible with release 8 /9 of the LTE standard. System-level simulation results illustrate the benefits of the various features discussed in the following.
Multi-layer heterogeneous network layout including small cell base stations are considered to be the key to further enhancements of the spectral efficiency achieved in mobile communication networks. It has been recognized that inter-cell interference has become the limiting factor when trying to achieve not only high average user satisfaction, but a high degree of satisfaction for as many users as possible. Therefore, inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) lies in the focus of researchers defining next generation mobile communication standards, such as LTE-A.
Building upon [1], this paper provides an overview over the background calling for ICIC in heterogeneous LTE-A networks. It outlines techniques standardized in Rel. 10 of LTE-A, discusses them showing their benefits and limitations by means of system-level simulations and motivates the importance of self optimizing network (SON) procedures for ICIC in LTE-A.
Some of the key driving forces behind the transition from the UMTS based cellular system to the Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) are to improve the mean and the cell-edge throughput, improve the user fairness, and improve the quality of service (QoS) satisfaction for all users. In the latter system, relays appear as one of the most prominent enabler for improving the cell-edge user experience while increasing the system’s fairness.
In this white paper, we present the basics of relay deployments in LTE-A networks. Moreover, we analyze resource allocation problem for Relay Nodes (RN) deployments and present some of the solutions for improvement in system resource usage and QoS satisfaction. Afterwards, we introduce the capabilities of NOMOR’s LTE-A system level simulator and evaluate the performance of LTE-A relay systems under the described solutions.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
"Impact of front-end architecture on development cost", Viktor TurskyiFwdays
I have heard many times that architecture is not important for the front-end. Also, many times I have seen how developers implement features on the front-end just following the standard rules for a framework and think that this is enough to successfully launch the project, and then the project fails. How to prevent this and what approach to choose? I have launched dozens of complex projects and during the talk we will analyze which approaches have worked for me and which have not.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
1. www.huawei.comHUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
LTE-V: A Cellular-Assisted V2X
Communication Technology
ITU Workshop, July 28-29th 2015, Beijing, China
Yi Shi
Research Engineer,
Wireless Research Department
wn.shiyi@huawei.com
2. Page 2 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
1.ITS stages and the role of LTE V2X
2.What is LTE V2X, benefits
3.Standardization status
4.Conclusion
Contents
3. Why Connected Vehicle Technologies Are Needed
Page 3
Connected vehicle technologies aim to tackle some of the biggest challenges in the surface transportation
industry—in the areas of safety, mobility, and environment.
• Safety: According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
(NHTSA), there were 5.615 million crashes in 2012. The number of fatalities from
vehicle crashes is falling but still accounted for 33,561 deaths in 2012. Connected
vehicle technologies will give all drivers the tools they need to anticipate
potential crashes and significantly reduce the number of lives lost each year.
• Mobility: According to the Texas Transportation Institute, U.S. highway users
wasted 5.5 billion hours stuck in traffic in 2011. Connected vehicle mobility
applications will enable system users and system operators to make smart
choices that reduce travel delay.
• Environment, traffic efficiency: According to the Texas Transportation Institute,
the total amount of wasted fuel topped 2.9 billion gallons in 2011. Connected
vehicle environmental applications will give motorists the real time information
they need to make “green” transportation choices.
V2V
V2P
V2I
Pedestrian
Vehicle
Vehicle
Network
Types of V2X (as defined in TR 22.885)
Safety / non safety
Proximity services, parameters defined
by the operator
4. Page 4 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
ITS Stages and Key Communication Technologies
Accident-free, driver-less
traffic, autonomous driving.
Achieve vehicle / road
/environment harmony.
(Enhanced Set of Apps)
ITS - ESAITS - BSA
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4
TelematicsRoadside Comm
infotainment, on-line
navigation, remote
diagnostics, e-call
communications
V2V,V2I (V2X)
communication to warn
drivers potential risks and
improve traffic efficiency.
(Basic Set of Apps).
Wired or wireless
communication for infrastructure
Wired / wireless for
RSU comm
2G/3G/4G
Cellular
802.11p New technology?
LTE-V2X
90s’ 2000s’ 2010s’ 2020s’ 2030s’
5. Page 5 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Two Main Applications in IoV
Telematics
Communication traffic model and requirements:
− Infrequent transmission
− Large coverage
− Latency insensitivity
Underlying technologies:
− Cellular technologies (2G/3G/4G)
Communication traffic model and requirements:
− Frequent transmission (1~10Hz)
− Short range communication (hundreds of
meters)
− Low latency requirement (<=100 ms)
− High reliability
Underlying technologies:
− 802.11p and LTE-V2X
V2V/V2I ITS Road Safety
RSU
6. Page 6 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
802.11p Based Deployment
Internet
ITS Platform
Fiber
802.11p
Assuming green cars for telematics, white cars
for V2V/V2I services
Issues:
− Performance cannot be guaranteed, since 802.11p is ad hoc mechanism
− CSMA/CA based, with hidden terminal and congestion problems
− Spectrum dedicated for V2V road safety is limited (10MHz for US, 30MHz for Europe)
− Costly RSU deployment to cover telematics services, yet many already provided by LTE (ITS-G5B left unused).
− Business model is not clear.
− Security, maintenance issues (downloading, update, revocation, etc.)
− No clear evolution path for future services.
RSU
OBU
7. Page 7 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
3GPP SA1 Agreed 18 Use Cases in TR 22.885
V2V message transfer under operator control
[TR 22.885, 5.11]
eNB
V2V message
V2X in areas outside network coverage
[TR 22.885, 5.13]
LTE Coverage LTE Coverage
V2V Safety
[5.1-5.4, 5.7, 5.10, 5.12]
V2I Road Safety
[5.6, 5.8, 5.14, 5.16]
V2P Road Safety
[5.17, 5.18]
V2V/V2I Traffic Efficiency
[5.5, 5.9, 5.15]
Emergency vehicle warning Curve
Speed Warning
Vulnerable Road
User Warning
8. Page 8 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Benefits of LTE-V2X
Fast, cheap deployment of ITS network, by reusing MNOs’
network infrastructure
One chipset for all; lower integration costs for car OEMs;
more users, vulnerable users (pedestrians), also for
smartphones and aftermarket
Advanced, reliable technology, half distributed half centralized
mechanism
Qos, latency PDR always under control, wider reach
LTE coupled solution to support telematics/infotainment and
V2X more efficiently, and innovative business models for….
Safety, non safety, mobility, semi autonomous car
Telematics/infotainment on same link
V2X also for MBB services and comfort driving (e.g.
Walkie talkie, see through car in front, etc)
Further evolve to 5G and support more use cases including
pedestrian, cyclist…
LTE-V2X
Benefits
Benefits
9. Page 9 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Critical factors follow for a succesful LTE V2X Strategy
Page 9
Prove the technology, comparing with 11p in field
Spectrum:
industry agreement, then lobbying. Dedicated? harmonized?
Discuss business case among stakeholders
Improved safety with simple LTE V integration is already a business case for car
maker?
Monetization opportunities for MNO when entering in ITS market
Benefits/cost analysis (e.g. Liabilities Vs revenues Vs other advantages)
Time to integrate new technology into cars (lifecycles misalignment)
Industry/standards discussions, take market window, promotion:
3GPP, ETSI, GSMA, ERTICO, C2C comm. consortium, etc.
Ecosystem, interoperability
10. Page 10 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
LTE-V2X Standardization Progress
Rel-12 Rel-13 Rel-14
LTE-V2X WI
2014 2015
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
2016
3GPP:
CCSA *: CCSA WI
IMT-2020
Requirement
C-ITS * :
2013
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
IMT-2020 White paper
* Standards Developing Organizations in China
LTE-D2D SI / WI
IMT-2020 * :
C-ITS WI
LTE-D2D has paved the way for V2X communication
3GPP SA1 has started Rel-14 LTE-V2X SI from 2015 Feb with most companies’ support.
3GPP RAN has started LTE-V2X SI from June 2015, V2V part to complete in 2015, the rest in 2016 (Rel-14)
In China, a series of LTE-V2X SI/WI have been setup at CCSA and C-ITS.
LTE-V2X is the first step for V2X in 3GPP. When it comes to 5G, even lower latency and higher reliability will be
supported
LTE-V2X SI
Large scale FoT in China
11. Page 11 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
SA1 V2X SI: LTE Support for V2X Services (TR 22.855)
Study Item Target Completion 04/2015 12/2014 SA1 Status
LTE support for V2X services SA#70 (12/2015) 50% - New study item
Agenda item xx
Remarks:
• The objective is to study use cases and potential requirements for LTE-based
communication between:
o vehicles (V2V)
o a vehicle and a device carried by an individual, e.g. handheld terminal carried
by a pedestrian, cyclist, driver or passenger (V2P)
o a vehicle and a roadside unit (V2I)
• The study also aims to take into account V2X services and parameters defined in
other SDOs (e.g. ETSI ITS, US SAE) or related governmental agencies.
Supporting IM name
ALU
AT&T
CATT
Ericsson
ETRI
Fujitsu
Huawei
III
InterDigital Communications
ITL
ITRI
KT Corp.
KPN
LG Electronics Inc.
LG U+
NEC
Nokia Networks
Qualcomm Incorporated
SK Telecom
Telecom Italia
Telia Sonera
ZTE
3GPP Official Report
12. Page 12 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
3GPP SA1 V2X Highlights
V2V, V2I and V2P use cases were included with associated potential requirements. Study of V2V use cases
was prioritized during discussions.
Several important agreements reached:
MNO in control of V2V communication (e.g. authorization, session establishment, resource allocation,
etc).
Out of coverage V2V communication use cases.
Performances values to support V2V messages were agreed, many apply to V2I as well. Some values
are informative
The Roadside Unit (RSU) entity is implemented either in an eNodeB or a stationary UE.
A liaison statement (LS) is sent back to RAN#68 (June 15-18), with the current V2X technical report (TR)
attached
13. Page 13 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Service values for V2V agreed in the Study (many apply to V2I)
Name Value
Maximum absolute velocity 160 km/h
Maximum relative velocity 280 km/h
Typical message size 50 - 400 bytes
Maximum message size 1200 bytes
Maximum message frequency 10 Hz
Maximum latency 100ms (20ms*)
Communication range 4 s response time
Effective
range
Absolute velocity of a
UE supporting V2X
Services
Relative velocity between
2 UEs supporting V2X
Services
Maximum
tolerable
latency
Minimum application
layer message
reception reliability
#1 (suburban) 200m 50kmph 100kmph 100ms 90%
#2 (freeway) 320m 160kmph 280kmph 100ms 80%
#3 (autobahn) 320m 280kmph 280kmph 100ms 80%
#4 (NLOS / urban) 100m 50kmph 100kmph 100ms 90%
#5 (urban intersection) 50m 50kmph 100kmph 100ms 95%
Mandatory values
Informative values (in TR informative Annex)
*20ms latency comes from the V2V pre-crash sensing use case, which is agreed to support with lower priority.
14. Page 14 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
RAN V2X Study Item (approved RAN#68, June 2015)
Includes V2X operation in coverage, out-of-coverage, in dedicated LTE-based V2X spectrum, and in licensed
spectrum which is also used for normal LTE.
Will use SA1 requirements, and external information from e.g. ETSI ITS, SAE, CCSA
Three main objectives to prepare for potential normative work in 2016:
1. Evaluation methodology: deployment scenarios, vehicle density and mobility, data traffic models, and performance metrics.
V2V over D2D sidelink to target Sept 2015, but objective continues for other parts.
2. V2V over D2D sidelink enhancements study to complete first, by Dec. 2015.
– D2D resource allocation enhancements to be identified
– D2D support in high Doppler environments: up to 280kph at around 5.9 GHz, and GNSS-based synchronization.
3. V2V over cellular, and D2D sidelink and cellular enhancements studies for V2I/N and V2P to complete by Jun. 2016.
Jun ‘15 Sep Dec Mar ‘16 Jun Sep Dec
V2X SIV2V aspects
V2V work item?
[V2I?V2P+other? WI]
Possible 3GPP RAN timeline for V2X
(based on RP-151082)
15. Page 15 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Conclusions, LTE-V2X:
Standardization work has started, across 3GPP.
A promising evolved technology for V2X services and will further evolve for future V2X.
A new cellular network assisted service based on LTE-D2D that gives better business
opportunity and an easier business case for all C-ITS stakeholders.
Industry alignment/forum is needed among car makers, MNOs, road operators, authorities,
for standard, spectrum, deployment and business model definition.