The document provides guidance on creating and implementing protective relay test plans. It discusses reviewing relay application drawings and settings, establishing communication with the relay, connecting the relay set for testing, creating a test plan, performing element and logic testing, and generating a final report. Key steps include verifying CT and PT ratios and connections, labeling test switches, and testing individual elements and the overall logic/operation of the relay.

1. How to Create and
Implement Protective Relay
Test Plans
Chris Werstiuk
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2. Relay Testing Comments
Percentage of Comments
3.57
7.79 5.84
Design/Wiring
4.62
Documentation
Installation
Relay
Settings
78.18
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3. Relay Testing Comments
Relay Comments
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Installation Mechanical Failure Operation Part Number
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4. Relay Testing Comments
Installation Comments
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Labelling Operation Wiring
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5. Relay Testing Comments
Setting Comments
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
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6. Types of Relay Testing
 Acceptance
 Commissioning
 Maintenance
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7. Introduction
 Review Relay application
 Establish Communication
 Connect Relay Set
 Create Test Plan
 Element Testing
 Logic Testing
 Final Report
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8. Review Relay Application
 CT Polarity and Location
 CT/PT Connections
 CT/PT Ratios
 CT/PT Test Points
 Output Connections
 Input Connections
 Power Supply Voltage
 Element Settings
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9. Review Relay Drawings
 Single Line Drawings
0.5A 15A
50 51 27
TS TS
TS TS
M
TS
52-5

10. Review Relay Drawings
 Single Line Drawings –CT Ratio
 Multilin SR-750
0.5A 15A
 2000:5 CT Ratio
TS
50 51 27
TS
 CT Polarity
PT Ratio 4200:120
TS TS
M

TS
52-5
 Test Switches
 50, 51, 27 Elements
 No Ground or Neutral
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11. Review Relay Drawings
 Multilin SR-750
 2000:5 CT Ratio
CT Polarity
0.5A 15A

TS
50 51 27
TS
 PT Ratio 4200:120
CLOSE
86
-5
TS TS
M
 Test Switches
50, 51, 27 Elements
TRIP TS
52-5

OA
No Ground or Neutral
OC
PHASE ROTATION
OB

 50/51 Trips 86
 27 Trips Breaker
 Close Function

12. Review Relay Drawings
Single-line 3 Line DC Schematic Settings
Relay Designation RLY-12
Phase Rotation A-B-C
CT1 Location Cable-Breaker
CT1 Ratio 2000:5
CT1 Polarity Cable
PT1 Location Incoming
PT1 Primary Volts 4200
PT1 Secondary Volts 120
PT1 Ratio 35:1
PT1 Nominal Pri Volts 4160V
PT1 Nominal Sec Volts 118.86V
PT1 Connection Open delta
Out1 Initiate R1 = 50 + 51
Out1 Connected TRIP 86-5
Out2 Initiate R2 = CLOSE
Out2 Connected 52-5 CLOSE
Out3 Initiate R3 = 27
Out3 Connected Trip 52-5

13. Review Relay Drawings
OA OB OC
Multilin SR-750
OA

OB
OC
 2000:5 CT Ratio
 CT Polarity
X2
1A1 1A2 1A3
 PT Ratio 4200:120
Test Switches
1B1 1B2 1B3
X2
X2
1C1 1C2 1C3 
X5
X5
1C0
 50, 51, 27 Elements
No Ground or
X5

OA
OC Neutral
OB
PHASE ROTATION
OA OB OC
TO 4160V BUS

14. Review Relay Drawings
Single-line 3 Line DC Schematic Settings
Relay Designation RLY-12 RLY-12
CT1 Location Cable-Breaker Cable -Breaker
CT1 Ratio 2000:5 2000:5
CT1 Polarity Cable Cable
PT1 Location Incoming Incoming
PT1 Primary Volts 4200 4200
PT1 Secondary Volts 120 120
PT1 Ratio 35:1 35:1
PT1 Nominal Pri Volts 4160V 4160V
PT1 Nominal Sec Volts 118.86V 118.86V
(4160 / 35)
PT1 Connection Open delta Open Delta
Out1 Initiate R1 = 50 + 51 N/A
Out1 Connected TRIP 86-5 N/A
Out2 Initiate R2 = CLOSE N/A
Out2 Connected 52-5 CLOSE N/A
Out3 Initiate R3 = 27 N/A
Out3 Connected Trip 52-5 N/A

15. CT Connections
OA OB OC
1A1 1A2 1A3
X2
1B1 1B2 1B3
X2
1C1 1C2 1C3
X2
1C0
X5
1B0
X5
1A0
X5
4160V BKR

16. CT Connections
OA OB OC
1N1 1A3 1A2
X2
1B3 1B2
X2
1C3 1C2
X2
1C1
X5
1B1
X5
1A1
X5
CABLE FROM XFMR

17. CT Connections
OA OB OC
1A4 1A3 1A2
X5
1B4 1B3 1B2
X5
1C4 1C3 1C2
X5
1C1
X2
1B1
X2
1A1
X2
4160V BKR

18. CT Connections
OA OB OC
1A4 1A3 1A2
X5
1B4 1B3 1B2
X5
1C4 1C3 1C2
X5
1C1
X2
1B1
X2
1A1
X2
4160V BKR

19. PT Connections
OA OB OC
OA
OB
OC

20. Review Relay Drawings
3 Line Manufacturer
Relay Designation RLY-12 RLY-12
Relay Model SR-750 SR-750
CT1 Location Cable-Breaker Cable -Breaker
CT1 Ratio 2000:5 N/A
CT1 Polarity Cable (Source) Source
CT1 A Phase Test Switch TS-52-5-AC (3-1) N/A
CT1 A Phase Relay Connection RLY-12 (G7-H7) G7-H7
CT1 B Phase Test Switch TS-52-5-AC (7-5) N/A
CT1 B Phase Relay Connection RLY-12 (G8-H8) G8-H8
CT1 C Phase Test Switch TS-52-5-AC (11-9) N/A
CT1 C Phase Relay Connection RLY-12 (G9-H9) G9-H9
CT1 G Phase Test Switch N/A N/A
CT1 G Phase Relay Connection NA G10-H10
PT1 Location Incoming Incoming
PT1 Connection Open delta Open Delta
VT1 A Phase Test Switch TS-52-5-AC (15) N/A
VT1 A Phase Relay Connection RLY-12 (G5) G5
VT1 B Phase Test Switch TS-52-5-AC (17) N/A
VT1 B Phase Relay Connection RLY-12 (H5 & H6) H5 & H6
VT1 C Phase Test Switch TS-52-5-AC (19) N/A
VT1 C Phase Relay Connection RLY-12 (G6) G6

21. ACB Rotation
Using ACB Relay
OA OC OB
OA
OC
OB
1A1 1A2 1A3
X2
1C1 1C2 1C3
X2
1B1 1B2 1B3
X2
1C0
X5
OA
X5
X5 OC
OB
OA OC OB PHASE ROTATION
TO 52-5 & 4160V BUS

22. ACB Rotation
Using ABC Relay
OA OC OB
OA
OC
OB
1A1 1A2 1A3
X2
1B1 1B2 1B3
X2
1C1 1C2 1C3
X2
1C0
X5
OA
X5
X5 OC
OB
OA OC OB PHASE ROTATION
TO 52-5 & 4160V BUS

23. Test Switches
Voltage FT Switches
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24. Test Switches
Current FT Switches
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25. Test Switches
Numbering
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19
A B C D E F G H I J
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
 Odd numbers on top
 Relay CT Connection on top
 Relay PT connection Top and Bottom
 Shorting Bar on Left
 Test Probe Clips

26. Test Switches
GE PK2 Test Plugs

27. Test Switches
Connections
RELAY RELAY
PT PT PT PT PT PT PT PT
A B C N A B C N
G PH A PH B PH C PH G PH A PH B PH C PH
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19
A B C D E F G H I J A B C D E F G H I J
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
A PH B PH C PH A PH B PH C PH
PH N PH N
FROM CTs FROM CTs
A PH C PH A PH C PH
B PH N PH B PH
FROM PTs FROM PTs
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28. Review Relay Drawings
Relay Schematic
SR750
SR760

29. Review Relay Drawings
DC Outputs
DC+
TB1-6 TB1-8 TB1-10 TB1-12
2 6 10 14 18
TS-52-5-DC1
1 5 9 13 17
TB1-3
E1 E2 E3 E4 F5 E8 F8 E11 E12 H12
SOLID R1 R2 R3 R7 R8
R4 R5 R6 POWER
STATE TRIP CLOSE AUX AUX SELF
AUX AUX AUX SUPPLY
TRIP 50+51 PB 27 50+51+27 TEST
F1 F2 F3 F4 F6 F7 F9 F10 F12 H11
DC PANEL A
CT#3
125Vdc
SPARE
SPARE
SPARE
3 7 11 15 19
TS-52-5-DC1
4 8 12 16 20
TB1-7 TB1-9 TB1-11 TB2-1 TB1-4 TB1-5
DWG: 52-5 DC1
TRIP 86-5
DWG: 52-5 DC2
52-5 CLOSE CKT
DWG: 52-5 DC1
52-5 TRIP CKT
SPARE
DWG: SCADA-1
SCADA PT# 122
RELAY TRIPPED
DWG: SCADA-1
SCADA PT# 121
RELAY FAIL ALARM
DC-

30. Review Relay Drawings
TB2-2
DC Inputs
39
52A
52-5 SPARE
41
TB2-3 TB2-4
2 6
TS-52-5-DC2
1 5
C1 C2
Wet Inputs
IN1 IN2 RLY-12
DC
NEG
MULTILIN 
SR-750
D12
 Dry Inputs
3
TS-52-5-DC2
4

31. Review Relay Drawings
Single-line 3 Line DC Settings/Nameplate
Schematic
Relay Designation RLY-12 RLY-12 RLY-12
Relay Power N/A N/A 125Vdc
Out1 Initiate R1 = 50 + N/A 50+51
51
Out1 Connected TRIP 86-5 N/A TRIP 86-5
Out2 Initiate R2 = N/A PB
CLOSE
Out2 Connected 52-5 N/A 52-5 CLOSE
CLOSE
Out3 Initiate R3 = 27 N/A 27
Out3 Connected Trip 52-5 N/A TRIP 52-5
Out4 Initiate N/A N/A SPARE
Out4 Connected N/A N/A SPARE
Out5 Initiate N/A N/A SPARE
Out5 Connected N/A N/A SPARE
Out6 Initiate N/A N/A SPARE
Out6 Connected N/A N/A SPARE
Out7Initiate N/A N/A 50+51+27
Out7 Connected N/A N/A SCADA
Out8 Initiate N/A N/A RELAY
FAIL
Out8Connected N/A N/A SCADA
IN1 Initiate N/A N/A 52-A / 52-5
IN1 Operate N/A N/A N/A
IN2 Initiate N/A N/A SPARE
IN2 Operate N/A N/A N/A

32. Review Relay Drawings
Searching DC Schematic
DC+
TB1-10 TB1-6
TS-86-1 TS-52-5-DC1 TS-52-5-DC1
TB1-8 TB3-3 TB3-5
TS-
52-5
DC1
DCS1
G
TS-86-1 TS-52-5-DC1 TS-52-5-DC1
DCS2
TS- TB1-11 TB1-7
52-5
DC1
TB1-9 TB3-4
52-5
TB3-6
TB3-9 TB3-11
DC-

33. Review Relay Settings
Common Problems
 CT Ratios Don’t Match
 PT Connections/Ratios Don’t Match
 Outputs Used But Not Assigned
 Outputs Assigned But Not Used
 Inputs Used But Not Assigned
 Inputs Assigned But Not Used
 Wrong Setting Version
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34. Review Relay Settings
Single-line 3 Line DC Schematic Settings/Nameplate
Relay Designation RLY-12 RLY-12 RLY-12 RLY-12
CT1 Ratio 2000:5 2000:5 N/A 2000:5
PT1 Ratio 35:1 35:1 N/A 35:1
PT1 Nominal Pri 4160V 4160V N/A N/A
Volts
PT1 Nominal Sec 118.86V 118.86V N/A 118.9 V
Volts (4160 / 35)
PT1 Connection Open Delta Open N/A Delta
Delta
Relay Power N/A N/A 125Vdc 90-300Vdc
(From Namplate)
Out1 Initiate R1 = 50 + 51 N/A 50+51 Trip = 50+51
Out1 Connected TRIP 86-5 N/A TRIP 86-5 N/A
Out2 Initiate R2 = N/A PB Close
CLOSE
Out2 Connected 52-5 CLOSE N/A 52-5 CLOSE N/A
Out3 Initiate R3 = 27 N/A 27 Bus27-1+Bus27-2
Out3 Connected Trip 52-5 N/A TRIP 52-5 N/A
Out7Initiate N/A N/A 50+51+27 50+51+Bus27-1
+Bus27-2
Out7 Connected N/A N/A SCADA N/A
Out8 Initiate N/A N/A RELAY N/A
FAIL
Out8Connected N/A N/A SCADA N/A
IN1 Initiate N/A N/A 52-A / 52-5 52-a

35. Review Co-ordination Study
 CT Ratio
 Pickup
 Time Dial
 Inst Pickup
 Instantaneous Delay
OR
 Check Pickup for
Upstream and
Downstream Relays
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36. Establish Communication
Rs-232
 Direct Serial Connection
 Null Modem
Rs-485
 Multiple Devices On One Network
Network
 TCP/IP
 192.168.1.1
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37. Apply Settings
 Hard Copy or Digital Copy
 Setting Version often Out of Date
 Document all discrepancies
 Report all discrepancies
 Changing Communication Port
Settings
 Exit Program – re-enter and compare
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38. Connect Test Set
 Simulate CT/PT Connections
 3-Phase Connections Preferred
RELA Y RELA Y TEST SET
Magnitude Phase Angle
A Phase Volts A Phase Volts Test Volts 0°
B Phase Volts B Phase Volts Test Volts -120° (240°)
C Phase Volts C Phase Volts Test Volts 120°
N Phase Volts N Phase Volts
A Phase Amps A Phase Amps AØ Test Amps 0°
B Phase Amps B Phase Amps BØ Test Amps -120° (240°)
C Phase Amps C Phase Amps CØ Test Amps 120°
Alternate Timer Connection
DC Supply
Element Timer Element Timer
Output Input Output Input

39. Connect Test Set
Use 2-Phase to create 3-Phase
CØ Volts AØ Volts
CØ Amps
RELAY INPUT AØ Amps
Neutral or Residual
BØ Amps Ground Amps = 0
BØ Volts Magnitude Phase Angle
A Phase Volts A Phase Volts Test Volts 30°
B Phase Volts
C Phase Volts C Phase Volts Test Volts 90°
N Phase Volts N Phase Volts
A Phase Amps A Phase Amps AØ Test Amps 0°
B Phase Amps
C Phase Amps C Phase Amps CØ Test Amps 120°
Alternate Timer Connection
DC Supply
Element Timer Element Timer
Output Input Output Input

40. Connect Test Set
Multiple Channels to Create More Current
RELA Y INPUT
TS#1 TS#2 TS#2
PU/3 PU/3 PU/2
RELA Y RELA Y TEST SET
A Pha se Input = Pick up
Magnitude Phase A ngle
+ +
A Phase Amps A Phase Amps AØ Test Amps / 3 0°
+ +
B Phase Amps B Phase Amps AØ Test Amps / 3 0°
+ +
C Phase Amps C Phase Amps AØ Test Amps / 3 0°
A lternate T imer C onnec tion
D C Supply -
+
+ +
Element Timer E lement -
T imer
Output Input O utput + I nput

41. Connect Test Set
Multiple Channels to Create More Volts
RELAY INPUT
A PH B PH
PU/2 PU/2
RELAY RELAY TEST SET
A Phase Input = Pickup
Magnitude Phase Angle
A Phase Volts + +
A Phase Volts AØ Test Volts / 2 0°
B Phase Volts + +
B Phase Volts AØ Test Volts / 2 0°
C Phase Volts + +
C Phase Volts 0A 120°
N Phase Volts
Alternate Timer Connection
DC Supply -
+
+ +
Element Timer Element -
Timer
Output Input Output + Input

42. Connect Test Set
OA OB OC
OA
OB
OC
ISOLATING DEVICE
1A1 1C0
X2 2
1B1
X2 G5 H5 G6 H6 6
1C1
1A2 1A3
X2 8
CT's 123-124-125 3 G7 H7 1
3-3000: MR 1B2 1B3
SET 2000:5
C200 7 G8 H8 5
1C0 1C2 1C3
X5 11 G9 H9 9
X5
X5
RELAY TEST SET
Magnitude Phase Angle
A Phase Volts Test Volts 0°
B Phase Volts Test Volts -120° (240°)
C Phase Volts Test Volts 120°
N Phase Volts
A Phase Amps AØ Test Amps 0°
OA OB OC
B Phase Amps BØ Test Amps -120° (240°)
TO 4160V BUS
C Phase Amps CØ Test Amps 120°
Alternate Timer Connection
DC Supply
Timer Element Timer
Input Output Input

43. Connect Test Set
OA OB OC
OA
 Triple Check Voltage
OB
OC
Connections
 Isolate CTs
ISOLATING DEVICE  Use a checklist when
removing Wires
1A1 1C0
X2 2
1B1
X2 G5 H5 G6 H6 6
1C1
1A2 1A3
X2 8
CT's 123-124-125 3 G7 H7 1
3-3000: MR 1B2 1B3
SET 2000:5
C200 7 G8 H8 5
1C0 1C2 1C3
X5 11 G9 H9 9
X5
X5
RELAY TEST SET
Magnitude Phase Angle
A Phase Volts Test Volts 0°
B Phase Volts Test Volts -120° (240°)
C Phase Volts Test Volts 120°
N Phase Volts
A Phase Amps AØ Test Amps 0°
OA OB OC
B Phase Amps BØ Test Amps -120° (240°)
TO 4160V BUS
C Phase Amps CØ Test Amps 120°
Alternate Timer Connection
DC Supply
Timer Element Timer
Input Output Input
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44. Connect Test Set
OA OB OC
OA
 Triple Check Voltage
OB
OC
Connections
 Isolate CTs
ISOLATING DEVICE  Use a checklist when
removing Wires
1A1 1C0
X2 2
1B1
X2 G5 H5 G6 H6 6
1C1
1A2 1A3
X2 8
CT's 123-124-125 3 G7 H7 1
3-3000: MR 1B2 1B3
SET 2000:5
C200 7 G8 H8 5
1C0 1C2 1C3
X5 11 G9 H9 9
X5
X5
RELAY TEST SET
Magnitude Phase Angle
A Phase Volts Test Volts 0°
B Phase Volts Test Volts -120° (240°)
C Phase Volts Test Volts 120°
N Phase Volts
A Phase Amps AØ Test Amps 0°
OA OB OC
B Phase Amps BØ Test Amps -120° (240°)
TO 4160V BUS
C Phase Amps CØ Test Amps 120°
Alternate Timer Connection
DC Supply
Timer Element Timer
Input Output Input
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45. Connect Test Set
Simple Relay Output Connections
TB1-6
2
TS-52-5-DC1
1
125V+
TB1-3
RELAY TEST SET RELAY TEST SET
E2 E11 E12
R1 R7 R8
TRIP + AUX SELF +
Timer Timer
50+51 50+51+27 TEST
Input Input
F2 F10 F12
3
TS-52-5-DC1
4
TB1-7 TB1-4 TB1-5
DWG: 52-5 DC1
TRIP 86-5
DWG: SCADA-1
SCADA PT# 122
RELAY TRIPPED
DWG: SCADA-1
SCADA PT# 121
RELAY FAIL ALARM

46. Connect Test Set
Parallel Output Connections
TB1-8 TB1-8
6 TS- 6 TS-
52-5 52-5
5 DC1 5 DC1
RELAY TEST SET RELAY TEST SET
DCS1 E3 DCS1 E3
R2 R2
DCS STATUS DCS STATUS
CLOSE + CLOSE +
CLOSE Timer CLOSE Timer
PB CLOSED PB OPEN
Input Input
DCS2 F3 DCS2 F3
7 TS- 7 TS-
52-5 52-5
8 DC1 8 DC1
TB1-9 TB1-9
TB1-8 TB1-8
RELAY TEST SET RELAY TEST SET
DCS1 E3 DCS1 E3
DCS R2 STATUS DCS R2 STATUS
CLOSE CLOSE +
Timer CLOSE CLOSE +
Timer
PB OPEN PB OPEN
Input Input
DCS2 F3 DCS2 F3
7 TS-
52-5
8 DC1
TB1-9 TB1-9

47. Connect Test Set
Using Voltage for Contact Sensing
DC+
TB1-10 TB1-6
2 10 2
TS-86-1 TS-52-5-DC1 TS-52-5-DC1
TB1-8 TB3-3 TB3-5 1 9 1
11
6 TS- E2 E4 E2
52-5 R3 R1
5 DC1 AUX CS TRIP
86-5
27 TRIP 50+51
16 +
DCS1 E3 F2 F4 F2
R2 18
DCS CLOSE CS
G 3 11 3
CLOSE PB CLOSE
TS-86-1 TS-52-5-DC1 TS-52-5-DC1
DCS2 F3 4 12 4
17 -
7 TS-
TB1-11 TB1-7
RELAY TEST SET 52-5
8 DC1
Timer + TB1-9 TB3-4
R2
Input
52 22
RELAY TEST SET RELAY TEST SET
43 43
AUTO MANUAL + +
Timer Timer
R3 R1
Input Input
53 21
11
86-5
DC PANEL A
CT#4
125Vdc
13
1 1
52-5 52-5
TOC TOC
2 2
3 7 8 18
SR M TRIP
Y LS b a
G
Y LS
b
52-5 F
4 17 86-5
C
TB3-6
B
TB3-9 TB3-11
DC-

48. Connect Test Set
Never Use This Connection
DC+
2
TS-52-5-DC1
1
E2
R1
TRIP
50+51
RELA Y TEST SET
F2
3 +
Timer
TS-52-5-DC1 R1
Input
4
TB1-7
G
F
3
C
B
DC-

49. Connect Test Set
Input Connections
DC+
TB2-2 RELAY TEST SET
39
+
52A Test
SPARE
52-5 Output
41
TB2-3 TB2-4
2 6
TS-52-5-DC2
1 5
DC PANEL A
CT#3
125Vdc
C1 C2
IN1 IN2 RLY-12
DC MULTILIN
NEG
SR-750
D12
3
TS-52-5-DC2
4
DC-

50. Create The Test plan
 Collect all charts
 Review enabled elements
 Outputs include contacts,
communication, and LEDs
 Work backward using outputs
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51. Create The Test plan
 Look for conflicts
 How to monitor pickup
• LEDs
• Contact
• Front panel
• Communication
• Timing test
Element Pickup Curve Time Dial Relays
51 (TOC) 1xCT (5.0A) Normally Inverse 3.00 Trip & R7
(NI)
50 (IOC) #1 9xCT (45A) Definite Time (DT) 0.10 s Trip & R7
27 (BUV) #1 0.9xVT (108V) DT 60.0s R3 & R7
27 (BUV) #2 0.85xVT DT 20.0s R3 & R7
(102V)

52. Create The Test plan
Testing Order
 How to disable settings, when absolutely
necessary
 Disable 51, Test 50, Enable 51, Test 51
 Disable 27-1, Test 27-2, Enable 27-1, Test
27-1
Element Pickup Curve Time Dial Relays
51 (TOC) 1xCT (5.0A) Normally Inverse 3.00 Trip & R7
(NI)
50 (IOC) #1 9xCT (45A) Definite Time (DT) 0.10 s Trip & R7
27 (BUV) #1 0.9xVT (108V) DT 60.0s R3 & R7
27 (BUV) #2 0.85xVT DT 20.0s R3 & R7
(102V)

53. Create The Test plan
Testing Order
 Test Without Setting Changes
 Test 51, Use timing test for 50 pickup tests
 Test 27-1 pickup with LED, 27-2 pickup
with timing or communication
 Time tests not affected
Element Pickup Curve Time Dial Relays
51 (TOC) 1xCT (5.0A) Normally Inverse 3.00 Trip & R7
(NI)
50 (IOC) #1 9xCT (45A) Definite Time (DT) 0.10 s Trip & R7
27 (BUV) #1 0.9xVT (108V) DT 60.0s R3 & R7
27 (BUV) #2 0.85xVT DT 20.0s R3 & R7
(102V)

54. Create The Test plan
Testing Order
 Test Without Setting Changes
 Test 51, Use timing test for 50 pickup tests
 Test 27-1 pickup with LED, 27-2 pickup
with timing or communication
 Time tests not affected
Element Pickup Curve Time Dial Relays
51 (TOC) 1xCT (5.0A) Normally Inverse 3.00 Trip & R7
(NI)
50 (IOC) #1 9xCT (45A) Definite Time (DT) 0.10 s Trip & R7
27 (BUV) #1 0.9xVT (108V) DT 60.0s R3 & R7
27 (BUV) #2 0.85xVT DT 20.0s R3 & R7
(102V)

55. Create The Test plan
 Think about your objective…Be Creative
 Don’t follow dogmatic approach for testing
 Electromechanical Overcurrent Dogma
• Pickup A, B, C Phase
• Timing test @ 2,4,6x on A, B, C
 Digital Overcurrent Testing
• Pickup A, B, C Phase
• 1st timing test on A
• 2nd timing test on B
• 3rd timing test on C
• 1 more test to check for reset

56. Create The Test plan
Generator Protection
 Disable 27, 46, 27, 27TN, 24, 50BF, 50/27
 Test 21, 40, 32, 51V
 Enable and test 46
 Test 59
 Enable and test 24
 Test 81
 Enable and test 50/27
 Enable and test 50BF
 Enable and test 87
 Test 59N
 Enable and test 27TN
 Enable and test 27

57. Create The Test plan
Distance Protection
 Test Zone 1,2,3 Pickup with 3 Phase
 Test Zone 1,2,3 Timing using Phase-Phase
 Test Zone 1,2,3 Pickup and Timing with
Phase-Neutral
 Test overcurrent Protection
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58. Create The Test plan
Evaluating Results
 Percent Error
Actual Value - Expected Value
X 100 = percent error
Expected Value
 Relay Specifications
Device Setpoint
Number Function Ranges Increment Accuracy
50W1/50W2 +/- 0.1 A or +/- 3%
50 Pickup #1, #2 1.0 to 100.0 A 0.1 A (+/- 0.02 A or +/- 3%)
(0.2 to 20.0 A)
Trip TIme Response Fixed 2 Cycles - +/- 2 Cycles
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59. Create The Test plan
Evaluating Results
 Relay Specifications for Small Time Delays
Instantaneous/Definite-Time Overcurrent Elements
Pickup Range: OFF, 0.25 - 100.00 A, 0.01 A steps (5 A nominal)
OFF, 0.05 - 20.00 A, 0.01 A steps (1 A nominal)
Steady State Pickup Accuracy: +/- 0.05 A and +/-3% of Setting (5 A nominal)
+/- 0.01 A and +/-3% of Setting (1 A nominal)
Transient Overreach: < 5% of Pickup
Time Delay: 0.00 - 16,000.00 cyc les, 0.25-cyc le steps
Timer Accuracy: +/- 0.25 cycle and +/-0.1% of setting
Output Contacts: 30 A Make
6A c ontinuous carry at 70 C; 4 A continuous carry at 85 C
50A for one second
MOV Protected: 270 Vac, 360 Vdc , 40 ; Pickup Time: <5ms.
MANTA MTS-1710 TIME MEASUREMENT SPECIFICATIONS
Auto ranging Scale: 0 – 99999 sec
Auto ranging Scale: 0 – 99999 cycles
Best Resolution: 0.1 ms / 0.1 cycles
Two wire pulse timing mode
Accuracy: 0 – 9.9999 sec scale: +/-0.5ms +/- 1LS digit
all other scales: +/- 0.005% +/- 1 digit

60. Create The Test plan
Evaluating Results
 Relay Specifications for Small Time Delays
Minimum Time Test Result
Relay Operate Time: 0.25 cycles
Relay Timing Accuracy: 0.10 cycles (0.1% of setting, because setting is zero
and next setting is 1 cycle, use 0.1
cycles)
Relay Operate Time: 0.30 cycles (< 5 ms)
Test Set : 0.03 cycles (+/-0.005%)
1.00 cycles (+/- 1LS digit)
1.68 cycles or 0.28 ms
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61. Test the Relay
Self Tests
 What do self tests check?
 Perform and document self-tests
Outputs
 Pulse all or unused outputs
Inputs
 Check Status of all or unused inputs
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62. Test the Relay
Input / Output Tests
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63. Test the Relay
Metering or Analog Inputs
 2x Single Phase to Verify Connections
 3 Phase for metering
 Phase angles and/or Watts and VARs to
check connections
 Positive, negative, and zero sequence
LEADING PHASE ANGLES LAGGING PHASE ANGLES
270
90 300
60 -90
120 240 -60
-120
Vbn Vbn
330
30
-30
210
150
-150
180 180
Van 0 Van 0
-180 -180
150
210
330
30
-150
-30
Vbn Vbn
240
-120 300 120
60
270 -60
90
-90

64. Test the Relay
Voltage / Current Tests

65. Test The Relay
Test for Pickup
 Apply value above pickup and check
 Apply value lower than pickup
 Use ramp method for currents below 10A
 Use Jogging Method for currents above 10A
5A ELEMENT PICK-UP 5A ELEMENT PICK-UP
4A 4A
3A PICK UP 3A PICK UP
2A 2A
1A 1A
STEADY-STATE PICK-UP TEST JOGGING PICK-UP TEST

66. Test The Relay
Timing Tests
 Use Dynamic Testing
 At least two points for Curves
 At least 10% higher for Instantaneous
TEST IN PROGRESS TEST IN PROGRESS
150 V
150 V
PICK UP 120 V
120 V 90 V PICK UP
90 V 60 V
60 V 30 V
30 V
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
TIME IN CYCLES

67. Test The Relay
General Tips and Tricks for Problems
 Check metering if test doesn’t work
 Pulse Contact to test connections
 Has a lead fallen off?
 All channels have same phase angle when
paralleling?
 Blocking Inputs?
 Another function required for operation?
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68. Test The Relay
Tips and Tricks for 50/51
 Use 3 phases to bypass Neutral Protection
 Perform phase to phase tests to bypass
neutral protection
 Apply all 3 currents at same angle to
bypass phase protection
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69. Test The Relay
Tips and Tricks for Voltage Elements
 Always use pre-fault voltage
 Some relays require current for voltage
detection
 Check your sequence components
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70. Test The Relay
Tips and Tricks for Impedance Elements
 Always use pre-fault values
 Check for LOP operation
 Test pickup with 3-phase
 Use a lower voltage for lower current
pickup
 Check fault detector operation
 Timing can be affected by communication
schemes
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71. Test The Relay
Final Output Tests
 Most important part of relay testing
 Treat as electrical schematic
 Reduce logic to base components
 Prove Each Combination

72. Test The Relay
Final Output Tests
R1 - TRIP R2 - CLOSE R3 - AUX R7 - AUX
50P + 51P 27 50P + 51P + 27
50P
50P 27
R2 OR R3 51P OR R7
OR
51P
27
CLOSE
PUSHBUTTON
50P 51P 27 50P 51P 27
R2 R3 R7

73. Test The Relay
Final Output Tests
 SV1 = (SV1 + IN201) * (50P1 + 50G1)
 SV1PU = 10
 SV1DO = 10 SV1 = (SV1 + IN201) * (50P1 + 50G1)
SV1
IN
201
SV1
 50P1P = 0.25
 50G1P = 0.25
SV1
OR 50G 50N
IN201

IN201 = TRIPS FROM OTHER RELAY
50P1
AND
10cycles
SV1
OR
50G1
SV1 SV1T 10cycles

74. Test The Relay
Final Output Tests
 Wait till end and perform 1 timing test for
each element
 Combine output logic with element testing
• No Setting Changes with this method
• Perform 1 timing test on each contact

75. Prepare the Relay For Service
 Set Time and Date
 Clear Event Recorder
 Clear Fault Records
 Reset Targets
 Clear Metering Minimums/Maximums
 Save Settings
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76. Final Report
 Cover Letter
• Project History
• Scope of Work
• Summary of Problems and Actions
• Written for non-technical
• Justify your work!!
 Test Sheet
• Notes
• Test Results
• Expected Result
• Pass / Fail

77. Final Report
 Final Settings
• Save disc of all settings in native format
• Print all settings in adobe or hard copy for
anybody to review.
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78. Questions???
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