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How to Annotate
An annotated bibliography includes a summary and evaluation of each
source. While the requirements for annotations will change from class to
class, your annotations for this course should contain at least two
sentences of summary, two of assessment, and two of reflection. This will
make each annotation a small paragraph. You should be able to fit no
more than 2 annotations on a page.
Summary: Some annotations merely summarize the source. What are the
main arguments? What is the point of this book or article? What topics are
covered? If someone asked what this article/book is about, what would
you say? The length of your annotations will determine how detailed your
summary is.
For more help, see Purdue’s handout on paraphrasing sources.
Assessment (evaluation): After summarizing a source, it will be helpful to
evaluate it. Is it a useful source? Is the information reliable and current? Is
it this source biased or attempt to be objective? What is the goal of this
source?
For more help, see Purdue’s handouts on evaluating resources.
Reflection: Once you've summarized and assessed a source, you need to
ask how it fits into your research. Was this source helpful to you? How does
it help you shape your argument? How can you use this source in your
research project? Has it changed how you think about your topic?
First, type out the MLA or APA citation for the source. Then, drop to the
next line and start your annotation. Remember that all three elements
(summary, assessment, and reflection) must be present for each source.
For an example, please see the next page. If you would like to see more
examples, see our class website.
Example Annotation
Holland, Suzanne. The Human Embryonic Stem Cell Debate : Science,
Ethics, and Public Policy. Boston: MIT Press, 2001.
This is the annotation of the above source. In this example, I am following MLA
guidelines for the bibliographic information listed above. If I was really writing
an annotation for this source, I would now be offering a brief summary of what
this book says about stem cell research. After a brief summary, it would be
appropriate to assess this source and offer some criticisms of it. Does it seem like
a reliable and current source? Why? Is the research biased or objective? Are the
facts well documented? Who is the author? Is she qualified in this subject? Is this
source scholarly, popular, some of both? After summarizing and assessing, you
can now reflect on this source. How does it fit into your research? Is this a helpful
resource? Too scholarly? Not scholarly enough? Too general/specific? Since
"stem cell research" is a very broad topic, has this source helped you to narrow
your topic?
Quotes - If you use the author’s phrases or words, you will need to give
them credit.
Length - Each annotation will be at least a paragraph in length but does
not need to be longer than half of a page.
Number of Annotations - You will need to annotate 10 sources.
You will be graded on the format and the quality of the annotation.
Above information from the Purdue Online Writing Lab
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/general/gl_annotatedbib.html
Citation ends.
All lines
are double
spaced.
Indent after
the first
line.
Annotation
paragraph
starts here.

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How to annotate_r

  • 1. How to Annotate An annotated bibliography includes a summary and evaluation of each source. While the requirements for annotations will change from class to class, your annotations for this course should contain at least two sentences of summary, two of assessment, and two of reflection. This will make each annotation a small paragraph. You should be able to fit no more than 2 annotations on a page. Summary: Some annotations merely summarize the source. What are the main arguments? What is the point of this book or article? What topics are covered? If someone asked what this article/book is about, what would you say? The length of your annotations will determine how detailed your summary is. For more help, see Purdue’s handout on paraphrasing sources. Assessment (evaluation): After summarizing a source, it will be helpful to evaluate it. Is it a useful source? Is the information reliable and current? Is it this source biased or attempt to be objective? What is the goal of this source? For more help, see Purdue’s handouts on evaluating resources. Reflection: Once you've summarized and assessed a source, you need to ask how it fits into your research. Was this source helpful to you? How does it help you shape your argument? How can you use this source in your research project? Has it changed how you think about your topic? First, type out the MLA or APA citation for the source. Then, drop to the next line and start your annotation. Remember that all three elements (summary, assessment, and reflection) must be present for each source. For an example, please see the next page. If you would like to see more examples, see our class website.
  • 2. Example Annotation Holland, Suzanne. The Human Embryonic Stem Cell Debate : Science, Ethics, and Public Policy. Boston: MIT Press, 2001. This is the annotation of the above source. In this example, I am following MLA guidelines for the bibliographic information listed above. If I was really writing an annotation for this source, I would now be offering a brief summary of what this book says about stem cell research. After a brief summary, it would be appropriate to assess this source and offer some criticisms of it. Does it seem like a reliable and current source? Why? Is the research biased or objective? Are the facts well documented? Who is the author? Is she qualified in this subject? Is this source scholarly, popular, some of both? After summarizing and assessing, you can now reflect on this source. How does it fit into your research? Is this a helpful resource? Too scholarly? Not scholarly enough? Too general/specific? Since "stem cell research" is a very broad topic, has this source helped you to narrow your topic? Quotes - If you use the author’s phrases or words, you will need to give them credit. Length - Each annotation will be at least a paragraph in length but does not need to be longer than half of a page. Number of Annotations - You will need to annotate 10 sources. You will be graded on the format and the quality of the annotation. Above information from the Purdue Online Writing Lab http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/general/gl_annotatedbib.html Citation ends. All lines are double spaced. Indent after the first line. Annotation paragraph starts here.