Matter is anything that occupies space and has weight. It may consist of elements or a single element. An element cannot be split into simpler substances, such as copper, oxygen, carbon, and gold. Atoms are the smallest particles of an element and are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons are positively charged, electrons are negatively charged, and neutrons have no charge. Electricity is a branch of science concerned with charges. It can be drawn from devices like dry cells, solar cells, acid batteries, and dynamos. Conductors allow electricity to pass through easily, while insulators do not. Common terms in electricity include static electricity, current electricity, electric current, electric circuit, amp

3.  Matter is anything that occupies space and
has weight.
 Matter may either consist of various elements
or occur as a single element.
 An element is a substance which cannot be
split into simpler substances. For example
copper, oxygen, carbon, gold etc.
 Elements are made up of many atoms.
 An atom is the smallest electrically neutral
indivisible particle of an element which takes
part in a chemical reaction.

4.  Atoms are made up of Protons, Neutrons and
electrons. Each of these has at least one
property:
◦ Protons are positively charged
◦ Electrons are negatively charged
◦ Neutrons have no charge

5. The visualised structure of an atom
It’s a Carbon - 12 atom
Energy shell

6. Now that we have acquired the knowledge of matter, let’s get
back to Electricity.

7. Electricity is a branch of science concerned with charges.

8. Dry cells Solar cells
Electricity is often drawn from these devices:

9. Acid batteryDynamos (a.c and d.c)

10. In Electricity, we have terms like Conductors and Insulators

11. Conductors are materials/substances that allow electricity to
pass through them easily. Examples are; copper, aluminium,
silver and all wet substances. Copper and silver are good
compared to other conductors because they have very low
resistance.

12. Insulators are materials that do not allow electricity to pass through
them easily. Examples are; papers, rubber, dry wood, plastics,
glass, polyvinyl chloride and Bakelite. Rubber and glass are good
insulators compared to others because they have very high resistance.

13. There are two types of electricity:
1. Static electricity
2. Current electricity

14. Static Electricity is where both positive and negative charges do not
move in a material. Either of the charges gather on a surface of a material
without moving.
Whereas Current Electricity is where electrons move freely in a
conductor.

15. Probably you have heard of these terms:
Electric Current, this is the drift of electrons in a conductor.
(The electrons move from atom to atom in the conductor).
It is also the charge flowing in the circuit per unit time.
Electric Circuit, this is the path of electricity or conductors along
which electricity flows.

16. Ampere. An ampere is the SI unit of Current often abbreviated
as A.
When an electric current flows through a wire a potential
difference is said to exist.
A Potential difference between two points A and B (in a circuit)
is the work done when moving a unit of charge from A to B.
Volt is the SI unit of Potential difference.
When current flows through a circuit, some components in the
circuit pose opposition against it. This opposition is called
Resistance.
The SI unit of Resistance is ohm, its symbol is Ω.