Planning a new hospital requires thorough preparation. The document outlines the key steps which include assessing community needs, developing a master plan, conducting a market survey and financial planning, selecting equipment, and implementing a trial period. Successful hospital planning requires considering classification of hospitals, strategic factors like flexibility and sustainability, and coordinating departments and staff.

2. HOSPITAL PLANNING
Presented by:
Mr. Gorakhnath S Jadhav
Final year B Bsc Nursing
SCON

3. Objectives
At the end of topic students will be able to know about______
• definition of hospital planning
• classification of hospitals
• what are strategic essentials
• steps in planning
• Market survey
• Financial planning
• Equipment planning
• Opration programme
• Trial run period

4. INTRODUCTION:
• The last few decades have seen a spectacular
development in the health & hospital consciousness
of the Indian public.
• Essential hospital service required for the community
can be met most economically only with adequate
thought given to planning, design, construction &
operation of health care facilities.

5. • A design expert says- “we’ve got to design ‘smart
‘hospitals that respond to present needs while
anticipating future changes.”

6. PLANNING A HOSPITAL:
• Planning is the forecasting and organizing the activities
required to achieve the desired goals.
• All successful hospitals, without exception, are built on
a triad of good planning, good design & construction &
good administration.
• To be successful, a hospital requires a great deal of
preliminary study and planning.
• It must be designed to serve people and for promoters
to build in the first place & sustain later.

7. Cont.…
• It must be staffed with competent and adequate
number of efficient doctors, nurses & other
professionals.
• A strong management is essential for the daily
functioning of a facility & this must be included in the
plans of a new hospitals.

8. CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITALS:
1. Proprietary
2. Partnership
3. Private Trust (family)
4. Charitable trust
5. Cooperative Society
6. Private Limited Company
7. Public Limited Company

9. STRATEGIC ESSENTIALS:
• Regionalization
• Pre- planning consideration
• Need assessment
• Plot ratio
• Design for flexibility and expandability
• Fulfill the demand functions
• Emphasize on patient focused hospital
• Focus on energy conservation

10. • Intelligent buildings
• Create a healing architecture
• Aesthetic - an essential requisite
• Hospital architecture
• Go green

11. PLANNING TEAM:
• Hospital administrator
• Specialists from various clinical branches
• Nursing advisor
• HR Manager
• Civil and electrical engineers
• Representative of local body
• Senior architect

12. OBJECTIVES OF PLANNING TEAM:
Need
assessment
Review
existing
facilities
Assess for
new
facilities
as per
need

13. • Existing facilities & its adequacy.
• Asses the needs of area.
• Needs of new facilities so as to provide adequate,
qualitative health are services.
Cont.…

14. STEPS IN PLANNING:
•Need assessment
• Feasibility report
•Architects brief
•Request for proposal
•Appointment of consultant
• Detailed project report
•Notice inviting tender

15. Cont.…
• Allocation of work
• Construction of building, services and facilities,
equipment
• purchase and manpower selection and recruitment
• Stage of commissioning
• Review process

16. MASTER PLAN:
•Overall site
•Departmental boundaries
•Major entry and exit points
•Vertical transport
•Inter – departmental corridors
•Location of critical zones
• Energy conservation
•Future site development

17. Cont.…
•Appropriate way finding
• Services master plan
•Project decision
•Outline brief
•Opportunities and constraints
•Options considered
• Evaluation criteria
•Recommended options
• Executive summary and recommendation

18. MARKET SURVEY:
•One the first tasks of the temporary organization is to
survey the service area of the proposed hospital.
•Following bodies helps in market survey-
1. Banks
2. CA firms
3. Financial Institutions
4. Consultant
Since major decisions will be on the result of the survey, it
must be done in a professional manner.

19. Cont.…
Following considerations should be taken during
survey -
• Character, needs & possibilities of communities
• Type & size of Hospital
• Financial condition of community
• Occupation
• Age distribution

20. FINANCIAL PLANNING:
•Financial planning must take precedence over every other
consideration.
•Financial planning must cover the following three areas:
1. Constructing, Equipping & Furnishing the Hospital
2. Operating Funds
3. Financial Assistance
Financial assistance has 2 components-
1. Loan for fixed capital
2. Loan for working capital

21. DESIGN TEAM:
• Hospital Consultant
• Architect
• Engineers
1. Structural Engineers
2. Electrical Engineers
3. Plumbing Engineers
• Hospital Administrator

22. EQUIPMENT PLANNING:
• The term 'equipment' means all items necessary for
the functioning of all services of the hospital.
• It is necessary to consult with the architect designing
the building early so that the facilities planned will be
of sufficient size to accommodate the equipment &
render the necessary services.
• A room by room equipment list is then complied&
reviewed by the admin, medical & department staff.

23. Built in equipment These include counters and
cabinets in laboratory,
Pharmacy and other parts of
the hospital, elevators ,
incinerators, coolers, fixed
sterilizing equipment etc.
These are usually included in
the construction contract
and the planning of these
equipment's is the
architect's responsibility.

24. Depreciable equipment This includes equipment that
has a life of five years or
more and is not purchased
through construction
contracts. These are large
pieces of furniture which
have relatively fixed location
and are capable of being
moved e.g., di agnostic and
therapeutic equipment,
laboratory instruments, office
furniture etc.

25. Non depreciable equipment These are small items with a
low unit cost and life span of
less than five years. These are
generally under the control of
the store room and are
bought through other than
construction contracts. They
include kitchen utensils
surgical instruments, linen,
waste baskets et.

26. SITE SELECTION:
• Accessibility to transportation & communication lines
• Parking facilities
• Availability of public utilities
• Proper elevation for drainage & general sanitary
measures
• Freedom from smoke, noise, vapors & other
annoyances
• Future expansion
• Total cost

27. INTERIOR AND FURNISHING:
•In a patient centered environment, design solutions will
respond to the needs of the patients profile both
architecturally and through material selections.
• Should consider the following-
1. Infection control standards
2. Design story
3. Healing environment
4. Physical environment
5. Organizational planning understanding
6. Cost analysis

28. EMERGING HEALTH CARE
DESIGNS:
•Adaptable patient rooms
•In board v/s outboard toilet
•Same handed patient rooms
•Accesses to Radiology & OT.
• Adequate Space for 360 Degree movement of
healthcare provider during need.

29. HOSPITAL BUILDING:
• After completing all preparations for building a
hospital the governing board issues instructions for
the development of final plans & specification.
• Principle –
# Protection
# Short traffic routes
# Separation of dissimilar activities
# Control

30. GENERAL FEATURES:
• Environment
• Screened windows
• 3-4 Separate entrance
• Exit point
• Attractive entrance
• Traffic flow
• Corridors
• Visitors control
• Running physical part
• Fire escape

31. BED DISTRIBUTION:
• The functions of the hospital revolve around the total
no. of beds & their distribution within various
department & services.
• The no. of beds in a hospital is the yardstick applied
when referring to the size of the hospital, its various
services, occupancy rate, etc.

32. Cont.…
• Types of bed accommodation
• Bed distribution by services
• Space requirements

33. Cont.…
• Bed planning:
Population = A × S × 100/365 × P0
• A = number of patients admissions / 1000 populations
/year
• S = average length of stay
• PO = percentage occupancy

34. OPERATION PROGRAM:
Admission Human resource
Administration Stores
General engineering Purchasing
Laundry Maintenance
Clinical services Waste disposal plant
Pharmacy Fire and safety
Nursing services Disaster plan
Housekeeping Information

35. Records Dietary services
Public relations Clinical engineering
Employee facilities Sanitation

36. Space requirements of some basic
department
Area Sq.ft/Bed
Nursing unit 250-280
Nursery 12-18
Delivery suite 15-20
Operation theatre 30-50
Physical medicine 12-18
Radiology 25-35
Laboratory 25-35

37. Cont......
Pharmacy 4-6
CSSD 8-25
Dietary 25-35
Medical records 8-15
Housekeeping 4-5
Laundry 12-18
Mechanical installation 50-75

38. Cont........
Maintenance work shop 4-6
Stores 25-35
Public areas 8-10
Staff facilities 10-15
Administration 40-50
Total = 567-751
Circulation = 115-751
Total net area = 682-891

39. Trial run period
• After the commissioning of hospital some time is taken for
functional integration of different units, services, staff,
patient & community.
• Machine are tested
• Staff recruited & trained
• Standard operating procedures are made
• Maintenance service is put in place
• Materials, linen & stationary procured
• Then starts the routine & regular functioning of the hospital.

40. Conclusion
“A hospital is a living organism, made up of many different
parts, having different functions, but all theses must be in due
proportion & relation to each other & to the environment to
produce the desired result.”

41. SUMMARY
• Definition of hospital planning
• Classification of hospitals
• What are strategic essentials
• Steps in planning
• Market survey
• Financial planning
• Equipment planning
• Operation programme
• Trial run period