2. Hospital must meet two basic fundamental
needs:
Must meet the needs of the patient it is going
to serve adequately.
It must be in a size and proportions which the
owners or promoters will be able to build and
operate.
3. Basic
objectives
which are to
be met by
the hospital
Sound architectural plan
Economic viability
Effective community orientation
Quality patient care
4. Principles of
hospital
planning
Protection from unwanted and unnecessary disturbances
order to help speedy recovery
Separation of dissimilar activities
Control the nurse station should be positioned
to enable proper monitoring of visitors entering and
leaving the ward, infants and children should be protected
from theft and infection etc.
Circulation- all the departments of a hospital must be
properly integrated.
5. SELECTION OF
SITE
Needs of the
community
Ease of
accessibility
Range of
services
offered
Availability of
specialists
Availability of
technology
Study of existing
hospital(if any)
Requirements
of staff and
services
6. TYPES OF HOSPITAL
Primary Secondary tertiary
•Private
•Partnership
•Public charitable trust
•Cooperative society
7. BED PLANNING
• Bed population = A *S* 100 / 365 *PO
• A= number of inpatient
admissions/1000population/year
• S =average length of stay
• PO =percentage occupancy
8. EQUIPMENT PLANNING
Built in equipment
These include counters and cabinets
in laboratory, Pharmacy and other
parts of the
hospital,elevators,incinerators,coolers,
fixed sterilizing equipment etc.
These are usually included in the
construction contract and the
planning of these equipments is the
architect's responsibility.
Depreciable equipment
This includes equipment that
has a life of five years or more
and is not purchased through
construction contracts.
These are large pieces of
furniture which have a relatively
fixed location and are capable of
being moved e.g., diagnostic
and therapeutic equipment,
laboratory instruments, office
furniture etc.
Non depreciable
equipment
These are small items with a
low unit cost and life span of
less than five years.
These are generally under
the control of the store room
and are bought through
other than construction
contracts. They include
kitchen utencils,surgical
instruments,linen,waste
baskets etc.
9. PLANNING OF
DEPARTMENTS
• In patient department:
• Patient room- These may be private/semi
private rooms or multibed general wards. They
should be designed to be safe and
aesthetically pleasing so as to assist in quick
recovery of patient. They must contain space
for equipments, staffs and various need of the
patient.
• Nurses control station- should be located and
designed in such a way that the nurses can
observe the patient room.
• The work area- related to handling materials
necessary for patient care, maintaining
communication and records etc.
10. • Out patient department-
• Preferably on the ground level with a separate entrance and adequate
parking facilities.
• It should be close to admitting area ,MRD,emergency,radioogy /,lab
services and pharmacy.
• Attention should be paid to circulation, which results in the smooth flow
of various traffic lines Traversing the department.
• Properly signed
• Emergency department:
• Should be located on the ground floor with easy access for patients and
ambulances
• Separate entrance for the department
• Well marked with proper lighting and signs.
• shoudbe easily visible and accessible from the street.
• Should be close to the admitting department,medical records and cashiers
cashiers booth, radiology department, lab services, blood
bank,elivatorsand wards
11. • Intensive care unit
• Should preferably be located on the ground floor with
convenient access from the operation theatresuit and
emergency department and easy accessibility for wards.
• It consists patient area, staff area, support area.
• Four basic requirements-
• Direct observation of the patient by nursing and medical staff
staff
• Surveillance of physiological monitoring
• Provision and efficient use of routine andemergency
diagnostic procedures and interventions.
• Recording and maintenance of patient information.
13. PHARMACY
• Out patient should have ready access to the hospital pharmacy to collect prescription.
• Staff of wards and department can access it without having to travel a long distance
thorough other crowded areas.
• Collection of indents and dispensing of prescription for inpatients can be carried out in a
central dispensing area which is accessible tohospital staff when they come to consult the
pharmacist or to obtain stocks for ward use.
• Suppliers have an access to it from out side
• Space required for-Dispensing counter
• Cash counter
• Drugs storage including dressings
• Cool and cold storage
• Administrative office
• Circulation space
• Space for compounding and bulk preparation
14. SPACE REQUIREMENTS OF SOME
BASIC DEPARTMENTS
• Area Sq .ft / bed
• Nursing unit 250-280
• Nursery 12-18
• Delivery suite 15-20
• Operation theatre 30-50
• Physical medicine 12-18
• Radiology 25-35Laboratory 25-35Pharmacy
4-6CSSD 8-25
• Dietary 25-35
• Medical record 8-15
• House keeping 4-5
• Laundry 12-18
• Mechanical installation 50-75
• Maintenance work shop 4-6Stores 25-35
• Public areas 8-10
• Staff facilities 10-15
• Administration 40-50
• Total 567-751
• Circulation 115-751
• Total net area 682-891
15. CONCLUSION
Technology requirement must be
met
Clinical needs must be considered
Safety is a major factor
Standards and Guidelines are
essential
importance of the role of Hospital
Staff inconstruction and design
