The Homestead Act of 1862 aimed to promote westward expansion by granting land claims to male citizens and immigrants who would improve the land. While some impoverished farmers benefited, much of the land went to speculators who sold it at inflated prices or to non-farmers. Industrialization later led to large corporate farms replacing small homesteads in the West. The Homestead Act attracted settlers seeking land, riches, freedom, jobs, adventure, and family in the growing nation.