Presentation given by Mischa Werner of ETH Zurich on "Research on the direct mineralization of flue gas CO2 at ETH Zurich" at the Alternative CCS Pathways Workshop, Oxford Martin School, 27 June 2014
Flue gas analisys in industry-Practical guide for Emission and Process Measur...Testo Azerbaijan
Flue gas analisys in industry-Practical guide for Emission and Process Measurements
-Power generation
-Waste disposal
-Stone and clay industry
-Metal industry
-Chemical/petrochemical industry
Presentation given by Mischa Werner of ETH Zurich on "Research on the direct mineralization of flue gas CO2 at ETH Zurich" at the Alternative CCS Pathways Workshop, Oxford Martin School, 27 June 2014
Flue gas analisys in industry-Practical guide for Emission and Process Measur...Testo Azerbaijan
Flue gas analisys in industry-Practical guide for Emission and Process Measurements
-Power generation
-Waste disposal
-Stone and clay industry
-Metal industry
-Chemical/petrochemical industry
Webinar: Assessing atmospheric emissions from amine-based CO2 post-combustion...Global CCS Institute
This webinar presented the major findings of a CSIRO-led investigation into the potential air quality impacts of amine-based post-combustion carbon capture (PCC) technology. The study was commissioned by the Global Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Institute to expand knowledge on environmental impacts of the capture process, the study measures actual emissions as well providing a case study into air quality at the AGL Loy Lang PCC Plant in Victoria, Australia. The study aimed to address uncertainty about the types/quantities of pollutants released during PCC plant operations and what their acceptable emissions levels were. Understanding this would allow industry and regulators to develop appropriate health and safety practices around PCC plants. The research was based on data collected at CSIRO’s PCC pilot plant at the AGL Loy Yang brown coal-fired power plant in Victoria, Australia and from atmospheric degradation experiments in CSIRO’s smog chamber in New South Wales, Australia.
Dr Merched Azzi, Chief Research Scientist from CSIRO Energy Technology presentied this webinar.
Changing Best Practices in Flue Gas AnalysisYokogawa1
Zirconium Oxide and Catalytic Bead sensor based analyzers have been the primary means of flue gas analysis for control and safety. The recently published API-556 has highlighted several considerations when using these technologies that were not commonly known throughout the industry. This webinar will explain the theory of operation of tunable diode laser spectrometers and the application thereof to gas fired reformers, boilers, & heaters as a layer of protection during startup and efficiency diagnostic during operation.
During this webinar recording, you will learn:
-What is the purpose of flue gas?
-The evolution of flue gas Analyzers
-Industry standards and recommended practices on the application of different types of instruments
Callide oxyfuel research project, Part 2: CO2 quality control prior to compre...Global CCS Institute
To highlight the research and achievements of Australian researchers, the Global CCS Institute with ANLEC R&D will hold a series of webinars throughout 2016. Each webinar will highlight a specific ANLEC R&D research project and the relevant report found on the Institute’s website. This is the third webinar of the series, which focused on experiments quantifying and optimising the removal of SOx, NOx and mercury gases from the flue gases passing the fabric filter and caustic scrubber prior to CO2 compression as part of the Callide Oxyfuel Project.
The Callide Oxyfuel Project in central Queensland, Australia, has demonstrated carbon capture using oxyfuel technology on a retrofitted 30 MWe boiler. The project comprised of 2 x 330 t/day air separation units, a 30 MWe oxy-fuel boiler and a 75 t/day CO2 capture plant. The plant was commissioned in 2012 and operated for three years achieving nominally 10,000 hours of industrial operation in oxy-combustion mode.
The project has been able to demonstrate CO2 capture rates from the Oxyfuel flue gas stream to the CO2 capture plant in excess of 85%, and producing a high quality CO2 product suitable for geological storage. In addition, other benefits observed from the oxy-firing and CO2 capture demonstration have included: (i) increased boiler combustion efficiency; (ii) greater than 50% reduction in stack NOx mass emission rates; and (iii) almost complete removal of all toxic gaseous emissions including SOx, NOx, particulates and trace elements from the flue gas stream in the CO2 capture plant (CPU).
This webinar provided a technical presentation of experiments quantifying and optimising the removal of SOx, NOx and mercury gases from the flue gases passing the fabric filter and caustic scrubber prior to CO2 compression by the University Of Newcastle supported by Australian National Low Emission R&D. This webinar was presented by Professor Terry Wall and Dr Rohan Stanger from The University of Newcastle, Australia.
Aspen Plus simulation of Three Reactor Chemical Looping using Gibbs model. Comparison of different support balls for same Oxygen Carrier conducted using mass loading capacity, Oxygen Carrying capacity
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Edward Food Research & Analysis Centre Ltd (EFRAC) is a USFDA Inspected; NABL (ISO 17025:2017) Accredited
Testing & R&D Centre engaged in offering Analytical services to a wide range of Processed Foods, Beverages,
Pharmaceutical and allied products. EFRACʼs sophisticated instrumentation meets 21 CFR Part 11 &
DQ, IQ, OQ, PQ Compliance requirements and are coupled with automated Robotic Controls, Data Loggers,
Recorders, Class 10K Pressurized & Classified Clean Rooms & LIMS Integration.
Australasian Lab managers Conference: Gas Generation Dr Nicole Pendini 2019Nicole Renee Pendini
This presentation focus on on-site Gas Generation for the laboratory space supplying a range of analytical and specialty applications within the lab environment. I will focus on keeping green by preventing weekly cylinder and bulk supply deliveries, that waste energy offsite to generate the gas and petrol to delivery to the laboratory. The overall cost savings vs other methods (ROI < 1.5 years including service) and of course how Laboratory managers can significantly reduce their OHS/E risk with onsite Nitrogen, Hydrogen and Zero Air gas generators.
Webinar: Assessing atmospheric emissions from amine-based CO2 post-combustion...Global CCS Institute
This webinar presented the major findings of a CSIRO-led investigation into the potential air quality impacts of amine-based post-combustion carbon capture (PCC) technology. The study was commissioned by the Global Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Institute to expand knowledge on environmental impacts of the capture process, the study measures actual emissions as well providing a case study into air quality at the AGL Loy Lang PCC Plant in Victoria, Australia. The study aimed to address uncertainty about the types/quantities of pollutants released during PCC plant operations and what their acceptable emissions levels were. Understanding this would allow industry and regulators to develop appropriate health and safety practices around PCC plants. The research was based on data collected at CSIRO’s PCC pilot plant at the AGL Loy Yang brown coal-fired power plant in Victoria, Australia and from atmospheric degradation experiments in CSIRO’s smog chamber in New South Wales, Australia.
Dr Merched Azzi, Chief Research Scientist from CSIRO Energy Technology presentied this webinar.
Changing Best Practices in Flue Gas AnalysisYokogawa1
Zirconium Oxide and Catalytic Bead sensor based analyzers have been the primary means of flue gas analysis for control and safety. The recently published API-556 has highlighted several considerations when using these technologies that were not commonly known throughout the industry. This webinar will explain the theory of operation of tunable diode laser spectrometers and the application thereof to gas fired reformers, boilers, & heaters as a layer of protection during startup and efficiency diagnostic during operation.
During this webinar recording, you will learn:
-What is the purpose of flue gas?
-The evolution of flue gas Analyzers
-Industry standards and recommended practices on the application of different types of instruments
Callide oxyfuel research project, Part 2: CO2 quality control prior to compre...Global CCS Institute
To highlight the research and achievements of Australian researchers, the Global CCS Institute with ANLEC R&D will hold a series of webinars throughout 2016. Each webinar will highlight a specific ANLEC R&D research project and the relevant report found on the Institute’s website. This is the third webinar of the series, which focused on experiments quantifying and optimising the removal of SOx, NOx and mercury gases from the flue gases passing the fabric filter and caustic scrubber prior to CO2 compression as part of the Callide Oxyfuel Project.
The Callide Oxyfuel Project in central Queensland, Australia, has demonstrated carbon capture using oxyfuel technology on a retrofitted 30 MWe boiler. The project comprised of 2 x 330 t/day air separation units, a 30 MWe oxy-fuel boiler and a 75 t/day CO2 capture plant. The plant was commissioned in 2012 and operated for three years achieving nominally 10,000 hours of industrial operation in oxy-combustion mode.
The project has been able to demonstrate CO2 capture rates from the Oxyfuel flue gas stream to the CO2 capture plant in excess of 85%, and producing a high quality CO2 product suitable for geological storage. In addition, other benefits observed from the oxy-firing and CO2 capture demonstration have included: (i) increased boiler combustion efficiency; (ii) greater than 50% reduction in stack NOx mass emission rates; and (iii) almost complete removal of all toxic gaseous emissions including SOx, NOx, particulates and trace elements from the flue gas stream in the CO2 capture plant (CPU).
This webinar provided a technical presentation of experiments quantifying and optimising the removal of SOx, NOx and mercury gases from the flue gases passing the fabric filter and caustic scrubber prior to CO2 compression by the University Of Newcastle supported by Australian National Low Emission R&D. This webinar was presented by Professor Terry Wall and Dr Rohan Stanger from The University of Newcastle, Australia.
Aspen Plus simulation of Three Reactor Chemical Looping using Gibbs model. Comparison of different support balls for same Oxygen Carrier conducted using mass loading capacity, Oxygen Carrying capacity
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Edward Food Research & Analysis Centre Ltd (EFRAC) is a USFDA Inspected; NABL (ISO 17025:2017) Accredited
Testing & R&D Centre engaged in offering Analytical services to a wide range of Processed Foods, Beverages,
Pharmaceutical and allied products. EFRACʼs sophisticated instrumentation meets 21 CFR Part 11 &
DQ, IQ, OQ, PQ Compliance requirements and are coupled with automated Robotic Controls, Data Loggers,
Recorders, Class 10K Pressurized & Classified Clean Rooms & LIMS Integration.
Australasian Lab managers Conference: Gas Generation Dr Nicole Pendini 2019Nicole Renee Pendini
This presentation focus on on-site Gas Generation for the laboratory space supplying a range of analytical and specialty applications within the lab environment. I will focus on keeping green by preventing weekly cylinder and bulk supply deliveries, that waste energy offsite to generate the gas and petrol to delivery to the laboratory. The overall cost savings vs other methods (ROI < 1.5 years including service) and of course how Laboratory managers can significantly reduce their OHS/E risk with onsite Nitrogen, Hydrogen and Zero Air gas generators.
Smart Automation Gas Level Monitoring with Gas Leakage Deduction and Refill B...ijtsrd
The main aim of this project is to monitor forliquefied petroleum gas (LPG) leakage to avoid fireaccidents providing house safety feature where securityhas been an important issue. The most commonproblem experienced in our day- to- day lives that isregarding GAS leakage system. When it comes it tosafety of the surrounding as well as gas container wehave an MQ-5(gas sensor), which will detect the gasesby propane, butane, carbon monoxide ,smoke ,alcoholetc. The system detects the leakage of LPG using gassensor and When the system detects the LPGconcentration in the air exceeds the certain level then itimmediately takes action by automatically. Thus herewe are using the gas sensor which placed in the leakpoints, which senses the concentration value of gasessuch as propane ,butane ,smoke ,alcohol , carbon monooxideetc and when the concentration value exceeds thenormal value the leakage of gas is detected , and alertsystem used by buzzer and the automatically open thewindows prevent fire accidents. The gas sensor hasbeen used which has high sensitivity to gases likepropane and butane. When the concentration of LPG inair exceeds a certain level, the sensor senses the gasleakage and the output of the sensor goes LOW. Thedetection is done by the gas sensor, through themicro controller the LED and buzzer are turned ONsimultaneously. Using relay DC motor is automaticallyopen the windows. Prof. M. Joe Marshell | S. Shanthini"Smart Automation Gas Level Monitoring with Gas Leakage Deduction and Refill Booking using Embedded System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-6 , October 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd4666.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/gas-engineering/4666/smart-automation-gas-level-monitoring-with-gas-leakage-deduction-and-refill-booking-using-embedded-system/prof-m-joe-marshell
Презентация компании «Ingas», которая является одним из ведущих украинских производителей и поставщиков инертных газов высокой чистоты, поверочных и технических газовых смесей, а также смесей специального назначения на рынке Украины и зарубежья.
#Презентации
#Производство
#Украина
Время реализации: 18 дней
Practical Implementation Of Renewable Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Installations in t...guest083950
Paper presented at the conference Detail Design in Architecture 8 at University of Wales Institute Cardiff, on the 4th September 2009.
Authors: Gavin D. J. Harper & Ross Gazey
GE Webinar: Oxygen Measurement for Chemical & Fuel Storage SafetyTranscat
This webinar will explore:
-The parameters needed for an explosion or fire to occur
-Identifying "Lower Explosive Limit"
-Measuring oxygen concentration using Thermoparamagnetic Oxygen sensors
-Application considerations and case studies
Adsorption of hydrogen sulfide using palm shell activated carboneSAT Journals
Abstract Removing H2S from biogas that is produced from anaerobic digestion of palm oil mill effluent is a crucial step in order for the biogas to be utilized as a source of energy. In this study, palm shell activated carbon (PSAC) prepared by steam activation was used to adsorb H2S from simulated biogas. The parameters studied were H2S concentration, adsorption temperature and space velocity. The effect of these parameters towards breakthrough adsorption capacity was studied using statistical analysis with Design Expert Software. H2S concentration and space velocity were found to be significant in affecting the breakthrough adsorption capacity.Adsorption temperature on its own was found not to have significant effect on the breakthrough adsorption capacity but its interaction with other parameters was found to be significant. Characterization of fresh and spent PSAC confirmed and provided further information on the adsorption of sulfur species on PSAC pore surface. Keywords: Activated carbon; Biogas; Hydrogen sulfide; Adsorption
Hydrogen Impacts on Downstream Installations.pptxJeromejh
In December 2018, the Council of Australian Governments (COAG) Energy Council committed to a vision of making Australia a major player in a global hydrogen industry by 2030. As early steps to achieving this vision, the COAG Energy Council has committed to:
• Develop and implement a national strategy for hydrogen, in close consultation with industry and the community, known as the National Hydrogen Strategy (NHS), and
• Deliver the three kickstart projects in partnership with industry and the community.
The COAG Energy Council approved a high-level work plan and established the Hydrogen Working Group. The key milestones under the work plan included the development of a draft strategy for consideration by Ministers, followed by submission of the final strategy to COAG.
The COAG Energy Council kickstart project under the National Hydrogen Strategy (NHS) Gas in the distribution network work stream, prepared by GPA Engineering, led by the South Australian Government in conjunction with the Future Fuels CRC, issued a report on the “technical and regulatory barriers of up to 10% of hydrogen by volume blend in the natural gas distribution network”. The physical limit of this study was from the metered hydrogen injection point and metered blended offtake from gas distribution networks. The study assessed some of the likely technical impacts on end users of blending of up to 10% hydrogen by volume in the gas distribution network. The study also aimed to identify barriers in the current Australian Standards for adoption of up to 10% hydrogen by volume.
One of the key recommendations from this initial work was to complete a review of the technical and regulatory impacts to end users of up to 10% hydrogen in the natural gas distribution network downstream of the consumer billing meter.
"Impact of front-end architecture on development cost", Viktor TurskyiFwdays
I have heard many times that architecture is not important for the front-end. Also, many times I have seen how developers implement features on the front-end just following the standard rules for a framework and think that this is enough to successfully launch the project, and then the project fails. How to prevent this and what approach to choose? I have launched dozens of complex projects and during the talk we will analyze which approaches have worked for me and which have not.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
2. 2
Phase HNG HOT scrubber:
SO2 – Sulfur
HNG + Diesel.........................................................0.2
Only Diesel...................................................1384.0
Difference -1383.8
CO – Carbon monoxide
HNG + Diesel............................................................0
Only Diesel.......................over measure limit 5000.0
Difference -5000.0
Oxygen – O2
HNG + Diesel.........................................................6.0%
Only Diesel........................................................0.6%
Difference +5.4%
Phase HNG WET scrubber:
The following values are eliminated from air in the
dry and wet phase of the HNG scrubber system
measured by the electronic water analysis system
.
CO2 – Carbon Dioxide
HNG + Diesel..........................................................8%
Only Diesel.........................................................6%
Difference 2%
Nitric Oxide NO
HNG + Diesel........................................................80 ppm
Only Diesel........................................................61 ppm
Difference 19 ppm
Energy efficient increase
Temp for Energy efficiency is increased by nearly 100%
Drive of HNG gas generation is within 10% of used fuel.
Confidential, Patent & Copyright All Rights Reserved and protected to full legal extent.
- HydroAtomic-Institute - HydroInfra Technologies AB Sweden
- Position 1146, 18123 Lidingo, Sweden - 2013-06-18
PAGE 2 of 16
HNG - scrubber TABLE OF RESULTS:
3. 3
3
ELIMINATION OF SO2
The result of this report shows such remarkable data that it creates a first line of questions:
- As the SO2 (sulfur) disappears from the measurement data, the question is into which form will this become.
Answer:
- In the science research report more details will be explained, but as an initial response by the Universities infraspectrometer
shows no sulfur but sign of ethylene appears.
POSITIVE ENERGY BALANCE
The other question:
- When the HNG and diesel are mixed in the burner what is the energy balance of HNG gas and the gain of higher efficiency and
BTU levels.
Answer:
- HNG gas in its own is not the energy carrier but as a reaction gas frees the boundary of hydrogen in hydrocarbon.
- it will only require a minimum of the diesel fuel to create the reactive gas. Actually, it is less then 10% but the net BTU value
gained is in the area of 20%. This will further be described in future the science reports.
With this introduction the following pages show the report data.
CONCLUSION
This will give the reader the possibility to imagine the consequences for the climate if the full implementation of the HNG takes
place.
Quest and conclusion of
Verification Report
for the HNG scrubber application
Performed 6 of June, 2013 in HydroAtomic/HydroInfra Laboratory under supervision of authorized
measurement inspectors and the tech staff from the laboratory.
Confidential, Patent & Copyright All Rights Reserved and protected to full legal extent.
- HydroAtomic-Institute - HydroInfra Technologies AB Sweden
- Position 1146, 18123 Lidingo, Sweden - 2013-06-18
PAGE 3 of 16
4. 4
The diesel
oil flame
with no
gas:
Sooty toxic
emissions
The following data is from the HNG hot scrubber verification procedure.
The results
from the
insertion of
a thin
1 cm
HNG gas
flame
THE VERIFICATION PROCEDURE
HOT scrubber process
1 cm
The HNG scrubber system includes DRY and WET system which complete the HNG
scrubber functions down to emission neutralization
HNG gasDiesel HNG with Diesel
Confidential, Patent & Copyright All Rights Reserved and protected to full legal extent.
- HydroAtomic-Institute - HydroInfra Technologies AB Sweden
- Position 1146, 18123 Lidingo, Sweden - 2013-06-18
PAGE 4 of 16
5. 5
Maximum temperature of oil
flame upon metal plate 139c
Temperature increases 100% from same fuel
with insertion of small amount of HNG gas 272c
Oil flame
only
HNG with oil
flame
Heating plate Heating plate
Laser temp
Reader
139 c
Laser temp
Reader
272 c
Confidential, Patent & Copyright All Rights Reserved and protected to full legal extent.
- HydroAtomic-Institute - HydroInfra Technologies AB Sweden
- Position 1146, 18123 Lidingo, Sweden - 2013-06-18
PAGE 5 of 16
6. 6
Confidential, Patent & Copyright All Rights Reserved and protected to full
legal extent. - HydroAtomic-Institute - HydroInfra Technologies AB
Sweden - Position 1146, 18123 Lidingo, Sweden - 2013-06-18
The testing
facilities
Horiba analyzers are state of the art
and standard equipment used by
accredited inspectors to check that the
emission is within legal standards of
power plants and other emission
outlets.
An overview of the lab
Confidential, Patent & Copyright All Rights Reserved and protected to full legal extent.
- HydroAtomic-Institute - HydroInfra Technologies AB Sweden
- Position 1146, 18123 Lidingo, Sweden - 2013-06-18
PAGE 6 of 16
7. 7
Confidential, Patent & Copyright All Rights Reserved and protected to full
legal extent. - HydroAtomic-Institute - HydroInfra Technologies AB
Sweden - Position 1146, 18123 Lidingo, Sweden - 2013-06-18
The testing
facilities
These series of gauges measure
the pressure of the gas as it flows
from the generator to the various
burners on the table.
An overview of the lab
Confidential, Patent & Copyright All Rights Reserved and protected to full legal extent.
- HydroAtomic-Institute - HydroInfra Technologies AB Sweden
- Position 1146, 18123 Lidingo, Sweden - 2013-06-18
PAGE 7 of 16
8. 8
The gas is sucked through this tube
from the chimney into the analyzer.
This is a real chimney scaled model.
The smoke is running thru the
chimney in a similar way that the
full scale chimney operates.
The diesel is burned with smoke
directly fed into the chimney.
The diesel flame is burning around
the HNG gas injector.
Test 1) The diesel is burned with the gas off.
Test 2) The diesel is burned with the gas on.
The testing
procedures
An overview of the lab
PAGE 8 of 16
Confidential, Patent & Copyright All Rights Reserved and protected to full legal extent.
- HydroAtomic-Institute - HydroInfra Technologies AB Sweden
- Position 1146, 18123 Lidingo, Sweden - 2013-06-18
9. 9
THE AUTHORIZED VERIFICATION PROCEDURE
Confidential, Patent & Copyright All Rights Reserved and protected to full legal extent.
- HydroAtomic-Institute - HydroInfra Technologies AB Sweden
- Position 1146, 18123 Lidingo, Sweden - 2013-06-18
PAGE 9 of 16
10. 10
The verification procedures took place in the
HydroInfra/HydroAtomic institute laboratory during the
date of May 30th 2013 in presence of:
• Olof Sten, CEO of Palgo AB, accredited measurement
systems
• The verification procedure was overseen by the professional measurement
companies represented by their CEO’s.
• These representatives are doing accredited official measurements of emission
for the government control of the Swedish industry.
THE VERIFICATION PROCESS UNDER INSPECTION
OF ACCREDITED MEASUREMENT INSPECTORS
Confidential, Patent & Copyright All Rights Reserved and protected to full legal extent.
- HydroAtomic-Institute - HydroInfra Technologies AB Sweden
- Position 1146, 18123 Lidingo, Sweden - 2013-06-18
PAGE 10 of 16
11. 11
Oxygen (O2))
Gaseous chemical element chemical symbol O, atomic number 8. It constitutes 21%
(by volume) of air and more than 46% (by weight) of Earth's crust, where it is the
most plentiful element. It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas, occurring as the
diatomic molecule O. In respiration, it is taken up by animals and some bacteria (and
by plants in the dark), which give off carbon dioxide (CO). In photosynthesis, green
plants assimilate carbon dioxide in the presence of sunlight and give off oxygen. The
small amount of oxygen that dissolves in water is essential for the respiration of fish
and other aquatic life. Oxygen takes part in combustion and in corrosion but does not
itself burn. It has valence 2 in compounds; the most important is water. It
forms oxides and is part of many other molecules and functional groups,
including nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, and carbonate; alcohols, aldehydes, carboxylic
acids, and ketones; and peroxides. Obtained for industrial use by distillation of
liquefied air, oxygen is used in steelmaking and other metallurgical processes and in
the chemical industry. Medical uses include respiratory therapy, incubators, and
inhaled anesthetics. Oxygen is part of all gas mixtures for manned spacecraft, scuba
divers, workers in closed environments, and hyperbaric chambers. It is also used in
rocket engines as an oxidizer (in liquefied form) and in water and waste treatment
processes.
The definition of the various gases analyzed.
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Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that is slightly lighter
than air. It is toxic to humans and animals when encountered in higher concentrations,
although it is also produced in normal animal metabolism in low quantities, and is thought to
have some normal biological functions. In the atmosphere it is spatially variable, short lived,
having a role in the formation of ground-level ozone.
Carbon monoxide consists of one carbon atom and one oxygen atom, connected by a triple
bond that consists of two covalent bonds as well as one dative covalent bond. It is the
simplest oxocarbon, and isoelectronic with the cyanide ion and molecular nitrogen.
In coordination complexes the carbon monoxide ligand is called carbonyl.
Carbon monoxide is produced from the partial oxidation of carbon-containing compounds; it
forms when there is not enough oxygen to produce carbon dioxide (CO2), such as when
operating a stove or an internal combustion engine in an enclosed space. In the presence of
oxygen, carbon monoxide burns with a blue flame, producing carbon dioxide.[1] Coal gas,
which was widely used before the 1960s for domestic lighting, cooking, and heating, had
carbon monoxide as a significant constituent. Some processes in modern technology, such
as iron smelting, still produce carbon monoxide as a byproduct.[2]
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Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is one of a group of highly reactive gasses known as “oxides of
sulfur.” The largest sources of SO2 emissions are from fossil fuel combustion at power
plants (73%) and other industrial facilities (20%). Smaller sources of SO2emissions
include industrial processes such as extracting metal from ore, and the burning of high
sulfur containing fuels by locomotives, large ships, and non-road equipment. SO2 is
linked with a number of adverse effects on the respiratory system.
Sulfur dioxide can cause acid rain that seriously affects ecosystems. Acid rain is a major
problem in the northern hemisphere, where trees and whole forests have been affected.
Acid rain does not occur in New Zealand. However, sulfur dioxide deposition can affect
vegetation around industrial discharges and in cities. Lichens are good bio-indicators of
pollution and do not like to grow where there is sulphur dioxide in the air.
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Carbon dioxide (CO2 )
Carbon dioxide (chemical formula CO2) is a naturally occurring chemical
compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom. It is
a gas at standard temperature and pressure and exists in Earth‘s atmosphere in this state, as
a trace gas at a concentration of 0.039 per cent by volume.[1]
As part of the carbon cycle, plants, algae, and cyanobacteria use light energy
to photosynthesize carbohydrate from carbon dioxide and water, with oxygen produced as a
waste product.[2] However, photosynthesis cannot occur in darkness and at night some carbon
dioxide is produced by plants during respiration.[3] Carbon dioxide is produced
by combustion of coal or hydrocarbons, the fermentation of sugars
in beer and winemaking and by respiration of all living organisms. It is exhaled in the breath of
humans and land animals. It is emitted from volcanoes, hot springs, geysers and other places
where the earth's crust is thin and is freed from carbonate rocks by dissolution. CO2 is also
found in lakes at depth under the sea, and commingled with oil and gas deposits.[4]
The environmental effects of carbon dioxide are of significant interest. Carbon dioxide is an
important greenhouse gas, warming the Earth's surface to a higher temperature by reducing
outward radiation. Atmospheric carbon dioxide is the primary source of carbon in life on Earth
and its concentration in Earth's pre-industrial atmosphere since late in the Precambrian eon has
been regulated by photosynthetic organisms. Burning of carbon-based fuels since the industrial
revolution has rapidly increased concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide, increasing the
rate of global warming and causing anthropogenic climate change. It is also a major source
of ocean acidification since it dissolves in water to form carbonic acid,[5] which is a weak
acid as its ionization in water is incomplete.
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NOx
NOx is a generic term for mono-nitrogen oxides NO and NO2 (nitric
oxide and nitrogen dioxide). They are produced from the reaction
of nitrogen and oxygen gases in the air during combustion, especially
at high temperatures. In areas of high motor vehicle traffic, such as in
large cities, the amount of nitrogen oxides emitted into the atmosphere
as air pollution can be significant. Nox gases are formed everywhere
where there is combustion – like in an engine. In atmospheric
chemistry, the term means the total concentration of NO and NO2.
NOx react to form smog and acid rain. NOx are also central to the
formation of tropospheric ozone.
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END OF VERIFICATION PROTOCOLL
HydroInfra Industries HIT-I publ. AB
Pos 11 46
Stockholmsvägen 33
181 23 Lidingö, Sweden
www.HydroInfra.com
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