Edward Food Research & Analysis Centre Ltd (EFRAC) is a USFDA Inspected; NABL (ISO 17025:2017) Accredited
Testing & R&D Centre engaged in offering Analytical services to a wide range of Processed Foods, Beverages,
Pharmaceutical and allied products. EFRACʼs sophisticated instrumentation meets 21 CFR Part 11 &
DQ, IQ, OQ, PQ Compliance requirements and are coupled with automated Robotic Controls, Data Loggers,
Recorders, Class 10K Pressurized & Classified Clean Rooms & LIMS Integration.
Honeywell Research Chemicals PresentationAlexWood93
Established in 1981,Greyhound Chromatography has been supplying high quality Chromatography consumables to Research and Analysis Laboratories around the world for 38 years. Greyhound's Managing Director, Paul Massie founded the company which operates from its UK warehouse and office facility, located in Birkenhead, Merseyside.
Greyhound supplies Certified Reference Standards and Materials, Research Chemicals; including Solvents and Reagents and Laboratory consumables. New products are constantly added to Greyhound's e-commerce website, be sure to register to the website to view product prices.
Greyhound’s extensive range covers all areas of Environmental, Petrochemical, Food, Fragrance, Forensics, Chemical and Pharmaceutical analysis, holding stock of many popular products for prompt delivery via our extensive logistics network.
Honeywell Research Chemicals, Distributed by Greyhound Chromatography and Allied Chemicals.
Honeywell has over 200 years of experience in consistently and reliably producing high-quality solvents and analytical reagents. The majority of Honeywell Research Chemicals are produced in ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certified facilities in Seelze, Germany and Muskegon, Michigan.
Physical properties and thermochemistry for reactor technologyGerard B. Hawkins
Physical Properties and Thermochemistry for Reactor Technology
0 INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE
1 SCOPE
2 FIELD OF APPLICATION
3 DEFINITIONS
4 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
4.1 Form of Equations
4.2 The Physical Property System: “The VAULT”
4.3 Physical Property Programs
4.4 Physical Property Estimation
4.5 Sources of Expertise
5 INTERFACING COMPUTER PROGRAMS TO THE
GBHE VAULT PHYSICAL PROPERTIES PACKAGE
5.1 Preparation of the Physical Property Data
6 THERMOCHEMISTRY
6.1 Hess's Law
6.2 Standard States
6.3 Heats of Formation
6.4 Determination of Heats of Reaction
7 CALCULATION OF HEATS OF REACTION
7.1 Analogous Reactions
7.2 Heat of Formation Data Compilations
7.3 Estimation of Standard Heats of Formation
7.4 Heats of Neutralization
7.5 Temperature Effect on Heat of Reaction
8 HEATS OF SOLUTION, DILUTION AND MIXING
8.1 Calculation of Heats of Solution / Dilution from
Literature Data
8.2 Estimation of Heats of Solution and Mixing
8.3 Integral and Differential Heats
9 EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF
THERMOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS
9.1 Isoperibol Calorimetry for Heats of Reaction and Solution
9.2 Heat Flow Calorimetry
9.3 Adiabatic Calorimeter
9.4 Differential Scanning Calorimetry
10 COMPUTER CALCULATION OF ENTHALPY OR
TEMPERATURE
11 BIBLIOGRAPHY
Honeywell Research Chemicals PresentationAlexWood93
Established in 1981,Greyhound Chromatography has been supplying high quality Chromatography consumables to Research and Analysis Laboratories around the world for 38 years. Greyhound's Managing Director, Paul Massie founded the company which operates from its UK warehouse and office facility, located in Birkenhead, Merseyside.
Greyhound supplies Certified Reference Standards and Materials, Research Chemicals; including Solvents and Reagents and Laboratory consumables. New products are constantly added to Greyhound's e-commerce website, be sure to register to the website to view product prices.
Greyhound’s extensive range covers all areas of Environmental, Petrochemical, Food, Fragrance, Forensics, Chemical and Pharmaceutical analysis, holding stock of many popular products for prompt delivery via our extensive logistics network.
Honeywell Research Chemicals, Distributed by Greyhound Chromatography and Allied Chemicals.
Honeywell has over 200 years of experience in consistently and reliably producing high-quality solvents and analytical reagents. The majority of Honeywell Research Chemicals are produced in ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certified facilities in Seelze, Germany and Muskegon, Michigan.
Physical properties and thermochemistry for reactor technologyGerard B. Hawkins
Physical Properties and Thermochemistry for Reactor Technology
0 INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE
1 SCOPE
2 FIELD OF APPLICATION
3 DEFINITIONS
4 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
4.1 Form of Equations
4.2 The Physical Property System: “The VAULT”
4.3 Physical Property Programs
4.4 Physical Property Estimation
4.5 Sources of Expertise
5 INTERFACING COMPUTER PROGRAMS TO THE
GBHE VAULT PHYSICAL PROPERTIES PACKAGE
5.1 Preparation of the Physical Property Data
6 THERMOCHEMISTRY
6.1 Hess's Law
6.2 Standard States
6.3 Heats of Formation
6.4 Determination of Heats of Reaction
7 CALCULATION OF HEATS OF REACTION
7.1 Analogous Reactions
7.2 Heat of Formation Data Compilations
7.3 Estimation of Standard Heats of Formation
7.4 Heats of Neutralization
7.5 Temperature Effect on Heat of Reaction
8 HEATS OF SOLUTION, DILUTION AND MIXING
8.1 Calculation of Heats of Solution / Dilution from
Literature Data
8.2 Estimation of Heats of Solution and Mixing
8.3 Integral and Differential Heats
9 EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF
THERMOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS
9.1 Isoperibol Calorimetry for Heats of Reaction and Solution
9.2 Heat Flow Calorimetry
9.3 Adiabatic Calorimeter
9.4 Differential Scanning Calorimetry
10 COMPUTER CALCULATION OF ENTHALPY OR
TEMPERATURE
11 BIBLIOGRAPHY
GE / Texaco Gasifier Feed to a Lurgi Methanol Plant and its Effect on Methano...Gerard B. Hawkins
GE / Texaco Gasifier Feed to a Lurgi Methanol Plant and its Effect on Methanol Production
CONTENTS
0 Methanol Synthesis Introduction
1 Executive Summary
2 Design Basis
2.1.1 Train I Design Basis
2.1.2 Train II Design Basis
2.1.3 Train III Design Basis
2.2 Design Philosophy
2.2.1 Operability Review
2.3 Assumptions
2.4 Train IV Flowsheet
2.4.1 CO2 Removal
3 Discussion
3.1 Natural Gas Consumption Figures
3.1.1 Base Case
3.1.2 Case 1 – Coal Gasification in Service
3.1.3 Case 2 – Coal Gasification in Service – No CO2 Export
3.2 Methanol Production Figures
3.2.1 Base Case
3.2.2 Case 1 – Coal Gasification in Service
3.2.3 Case 2 – Coal Gasification in Service – No CO2 Export
3.3 85% Natural Gas Availability
3.4 100% Natural Gas Availability
3.5 CO2 Emissions
3.5.1 Base Case
3.5.2 Case 1 – Coal Gasification in Service
3.5.3 Case 2 – Coal Gasification in Service – No CO2 Export
3.6 Specific Consumption Figures
3.6.1 Base Case
3.6.2 Case 1 – Coal Gasification and CO2 Import
3.6.3 Case 2 – Coal Gasification and No CO2 Import
3.7 Train IV Synthesis Gas Composition
4 Further Work
5 Conclusion
APPENDIX
Important Stream Data – Material Balance Stream Data
Texaco Gasifier with HP Steam Raising Boiler
CHARACTERISTICS OF COAL
Material Balance Considerations
Use and Applications of Membranes
0 INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE
1 SCOPE
2 FIELD OF APPLICATION
3 DEFINITIONS
4 GENERAL
4.1 What is a Membrane Process?
4.2 What does a Membrane look like?
4.3 Why use Membranes?
4.4 Membrane Types and Polymers Used
5 REVERSE OSMOSIS
5.1 Principles of Reverse Osmosis
5.2 Limitations
5.3 Performance
5.4 Costs
5.5 Worked Example
5.6 Applications
6 MICROFILTRATION AND ULTRAFILTRATION
6.1 Microfiltration
6.2 Ultrafiltration
7 PERVAPORATION
7.1 Classes of Application
7.2 Characteristics
7.3 Costs
7.4 Example - Lurgi Design
7.5 Application - Stripping Organics from Water
8 GAS SEPARATION AND VAPOR PERMEATION
8.1 Gas Separation
8.2 Vapor Permeation
9 LESS COMMON MEMBRANE PROCESSES
9.1 Dialysis
9.2 Electrodialysis
9.3 Electrolysis
9.4 Salt Splitting
10 BIBLIOGRAPHY
TABLES
1 UTILITY CONSUMPTION AND COST COMPARISON
Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide by Cadmium Sulfide PrecipitationGerard B. Hawkins
Plant Analytical Techniques
Gas Analysis: Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide by Cadmium Sulfide Precipitation
SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION
This method is suitable for the in situ determination of hydrogen sulfide in ammonia plant gas streams when testing is required during catalyst reduction.
PRINCIPLE
Hydrogen sulfide present in the gas precipitates cadmium sulfide from a cadmium solution. The precipitate is filtered then reacted with iodine; the excess iodine is then titrated with sodium thiosulfate.
Ammonia Plant Technology
Pre-Commissioning Best Practices
GBHE-APT-0102
PICKLING & PASSIVATION
CONTENTS
1 PURPOSE OF THE WORK
2 CHEMICAL CONCEPT
3 TECHNICAL CONCEPT
4 WASTES & SAFETY CONCEPT
5 TARGET RESULTS
6 THE GENERAL CLEANING SEQUENCE MANAGEMENT
6.6.1 Pre-cleaning or “Physical Cleaning
6.6.2 Pre-rinsing
6.6.3 Chemical Cleaning
6.6.4 Critical Factors in Cleaning Success
6.6.5 Rinsing
6.6.6 Inspection and Re-Cleaning, if Necessary
7 Systems to be treated by Pickling/Passivation
Brokerage session: project idea
Title: Real Time Monitoring for Effective and Sustainable Industrial wastewater Treatment and Compliance
Presented by Stephen Moore, MANTECH
What Supply Chain Managers need to do to meet effectively comply with REACH ?
By Philip Capel
LogiChem 2011 will be the event's tenth anniversary and an opportunity for the most senior chemical supply chain & global logistics directors from the European chemicals community to come together once again share experiences, make new contacts and benchmark the latest chemical supply chain initiatives.
Not only will LogiChem 2011 be a chance for the chemical industry to reminisce about the last ten years but an opportunity to shape the next decade. To celebrate a decade of LogiChem, there will be an exciting three day programme filled with networking opportunities in our new location, Antwerp.
Within the METTLER TOLEDO Group, the Process Analytics division concentrates on analytical measurement solutions for industrial manufacturing processes. The division consists of two business units: Ingold and Thornton, both recognized leaders in their respective markets and technologies.
Ingold is a worldwide leader in pH, dissolved oxygen, CO2, conductivity and turbidity solutions for process analytical measurement systems
in chemical, food & beverage, biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. Its core competence is high quality in-line measurement of these para- meters in demanding chemical process and hygienic and sterile applications. Thornton is the leader in pure and ultrapure water monitoring instrumentation used in semiconductor, microelectronics, power generation, pharmaceutical, and biotech applications. Its core competence is the in-line measurement of conductivity, resistivity, TOC, bioburden, dissolved oxygen and ozone in determining and controlling water purity.
The division recently expanded into Gas Analytics with a series of TDL analyzers offering unique in situ solutions.
Laboratories through to industry typically know of cylinders and liquid delivery of critical gases they require for their work or production. Many do not know that many gases can be produced on site and on demand, with safety, environmental and cost saving benefits. This presentation outlines the various technologies and methods of gas delivery, including advantages and disadvantages.
GE / Texaco Gasifier Feed to a Lurgi Methanol Plant and its Effect on Methano...Gerard B. Hawkins
GE / Texaco Gasifier Feed to a Lurgi Methanol Plant and its Effect on Methanol Production
CONTENTS
0 Methanol Synthesis Introduction
1 Executive Summary
2 Design Basis
2.1.1 Train I Design Basis
2.1.2 Train II Design Basis
2.1.3 Train III Design Basis
2.2 Design Philosophy
2.2.1 Operability Review
2.3 Assumptions
2.4 Train IV Flowsheet
2.4.1 CO2 Removal
3 Discussion
3.1 Natural Gas Consumption Figures
3.1.1 Base Case
3.1.2 Case 1 – Coal Gasification in Service
3.1.3 Case 2 – Coal Gasification in Service – No CO2 Export
3.2 Methanol Production Figures
3.2.1 Base Case
3.2.2 Case 1 – Coal Gasification in Service
3.2.3 Case 2 – Coal Gasification in Service – No CO2 Export
3.3 85% Natural Gas Availability
3.4 100% Natural Gas Availability
3.5 CO2 Emissions
3.5.1 Base Case
3.5.2 Case 1 – Coal Gasification in Service
3.5.3 Case 2 – Coal Gasification in Service – No CO2 Export
3.6 Specific Consumption Figures
3.6.1 Base Case
3.6.2 Case 1 – Coal Gasification and CO2 Import
3.6.3 Case 2 – Coal Gasification and No CO2 Import
3.7 Train IV Synthesis Gas Composition
4 Further Work
5 Conclusion
APPENDIX
Important Stream Data – Material Balance Stream Data
Texaco Gasifier with HP Steam Raising Boiler
CHARACTERISTICS OF COAL
Material Balance Considerations
Use and Applications of Membranes
0 INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE
1 SCOPE
2 FIELD OF APPLICATION
3 DEFINITIONS
4 GENERAL
4.1 What is a Membrane Process?
4.2 What does a Membrane look like?
4.3 Why use Membranes?
4.4 Membrane Types and Polymers Used
5 REVERSE OSMOSIS
5.1 Principles of Reverse Osmosis
5.2 Limitations
5.3 Performance
5.4 Costs
5.5 Worked Example
5.6 Applications
6 MICROFILTRATION AND ULTRAFILTRATION
6.1 Microfiltration
6.2 Ultrafiltration
7 PERVAPORATION
7.1 Classes of Application
7.2 Characteristics
7.3 Costs
7.4 Example - Lurgi Design
7.5 Application - Stripping Organics from Water
8 GAS SEPARATION AND VAPOR PERMEATION
8.1 Gas Separation
8.2 Vapor Permeation
9 LESS COMMON MEMBRANE PROCESSES
9.1 Dialysis
9.2 Electrodialysis
9.3 Electrolysis
9.4 Salt Splitting
10 BIBLIOGRAPHY
TABLES
1 UTILITY CONSUMPTION AND COST COMPARISON
Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide by Cadmium Sulfide PrecipitationGerard B. Hawkins
Plant Analytical Techniques
Gas Analysis: Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide by Cadmium Sulfide Precipitation
SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION
This method is suitable for the in situ determination of hydrogen sulfide in ammonia plant gas streams when testing is required during catalyst reduction.
PRINCIPLE
Hydrogen sulfide present in the gas precipitates cadmium sulfide from a cadmium solution. The precipitate is filtered then reacted with iodine; the excess iodine is then titrated with sodium thiosulfate.
Ammonia Plant Technology
Pre-Commissioning Best Practices
GBHE-APT-0102
PICKLING & PASSIVATION
CONTENTS
1 PURPOSE OF THE WORK
2 CHEMICAL CONCEPT
3 TECHNICAL CONCEPT
4 WASTES & SAFETY CONCEPT
5 TARGET RESULTS
6 THE GENERAL CLEANING SEQUENCE MANAGEMENT
6.6.1 Pre-cleaning or “Physical Cleaning
6.6.2 Pre-rinsing
6.6.3 Chemical Cleaning
6.6.4 Critical Factors in Cleaning Success
6.6.5 Rinsing
6.6.6 Inspection and Re-Cleaning, if Necessary
7 Systems to be treated by Pickling/Passivation
Brokerage session: project idea
Title: Real Time Monitoring for Effective and Sustainable Industrial wastewater Treatment and Compliance
Presented by Stephen Moore, MANTECH
What Supply Chain Managers need to do to meet effectively comply with REACH ?
By Philip Capel
LogiChem 2011 will be the event's tenth anniversary and an opportunity for the most senior chemical supply chain & global logistics directors from the European chemicals community to come together once again share experiences, make new contacts and benchmark the latest chemical supply chain initiatives.
Not only will LogiChem 2011 be a chance for the chemical industry to reminisce about the last ten years but an opportunity to shape the next decade. To celebrate a decade of LogiChem, there will be an exciting three day programme filled with networking opportunities in our new location, Antwerp.
Within the METTLER TOLEDO Group, the Process Analytics division concentrates on analytical measurement solutions for industrial manufacturing processes. The division consists of two business units: Ingold and Thornton, both recognized leaders in their respective markets and technologies.
Ingold is a worldwide leader in pH, dissolved oxygen, CO2, conductivity and turbidity solutions for process analytical measurement systems
in chemical, food & beverage, biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. Its core competence is high quality in-line measurement of these para- meters in demanding chemical process and hygienic and sterile applications. Thornton is the leader in pure and ultrapure water monitoring instrumentation used in semiconductor, microelectronics, power generation, pharmaceutical, and biotech applications. Its core competence is the in-line measurement of conductivity, resistivity, TOC, bioburden, dissolved oxygen and ozone in determining and controlling water purity.
The division recently expanded into Gas Analytics with a series of TDL analyzers offering unique in situ solutions.
Laboratories through to industry typically know of cylinders and liquid delivery of critical gases they require for their work or production. Many do not know that many gases can be produced on site and on demand, with safety, environmental and cost saving benefits. This presentation outlines the various technologies and methods of gas delivery, including advantages and disadvantages.
The Process Analytics catalog includes product features and specifications, benefits and recommended application areas, order details and much more for process analytics measurement solutions. You will find the information you need quickly and easily.
A sensor selection guide when you need to measure
pH, ORP, Turbidity, Specific Ion, Conductivity, Water Analyzers, Dissolved Oxygen
Typical industrial applications are: Petro-Chemical Processing, Biotech & Pharmaceutical, Waste Water Treatment, Chemical Processing, Power Generation, Food & Beverage, Semi-Conductor, Industrial Water, Drinking Water
Inogent Laboratories Pvt. Ltd is the manufacturing and development services subsidiary of GVK Biosciences (GVK BIO). Inogent offers a broad spectrum of services that include Custom Research & Development, Custom Synthesis, Contract Manufacturing and Commercial Manufacturing, while also intelligently managing and offering Intermediates & Bulk Actives to a large base of clients globally.
• Fragment Libraries
• Screening compounds
• Large collection of building blocks and intermediates
• PROTACs
• Custom and contract synthesis
• Scale up and route development
• Stable label synthesis
We offer you state-of-the-art instrumentation helping you to check and improve the quality of biofuels and corresponding blends as well as to comply with the standards – in your laboratory but also atline and online in the process environment
Презентация компании «Ingas», которая является одним из ведущих украинских производителей и поставщиков инертных газов высокой чистоты, поверочных и технических газовых смесей, а также смесей специального назначения на рынке Украины и зарубежья.
#Презентации
#Производство
#Украина
Время реализации: 18 дней
The main focus within environmental analysis is the subject of water. Our instruments are used to carry out routine analysis of organic impurities in the water industry. Learn about our solutions for water analysis.
(www.chemixcalibrationgases.com) We are a reputed organization engaged in manufacturing, supplying and exporting a magnificent range of Gas Mixtures & Handling Equipment. The entire range of products are manufactured using high quality raw material by employing latest technology and machinery. Moreover, we offer these products to the clients at industry leading prices. These products are widely used in several industries and sectors.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
The increased availability of biomedical data, particularly in the public domain, offers the opportunity to better understand human health and to develop effective therapeutics for a wide range of unmet medical needs. However, data scientists remain stymied by the fact that data remain hard to find and to productively reuse because data and their metadata i) are wholly inaccessible, ii) are in non-standard or incompatible representations, iii) do not conform to community standards, and iv) have unclear or highly restricted terms and conditions that preclude legitimate reuse. These limitations require a rethink on data can be made machine and AI-ready - the key motivation behind the FAIR Guiding Principles. Concurrently, while recent efforts have explored the use of deep learning to fuse disparate data into predictive models for a wide range of biomedical applications, these models often fail even when the correct answer is already known, and fail to explain individual predictions in terms that data scientists can appreciate. These limitations suggest that new methods to produce practical artificial intelligence are still needed.
In this talk, I will discuss our work in (1) building an integrative knowledge infrastructure to prepare FAIR and "AI-ready" data and services along with (2) neurosymbolic AI methods to improve the quality of predictions and to generate plausible explanations. Attention is given to standards, platforms, and methods to wrangle knowledge into simple, but effective semantic and latent representations, and to make these available into standards-compliant and discoverable interfaces that can be used in model building, validation, and explanation. Our work, and those of others in the field, creates a baseline for building trustworthy and easy to deploy AI models in biomedicine.
Bio
Dr. Michel Dumontier is the Distinguished Professor of Data Science at Maastricht University, founder and executive director of the Institute of Data Science, and co-founder of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles. His research explores socio-technological approaches for responsible discovery science, which includes collaborative multi-modal knowledge graphs, privacy-preserving distributed data mining, and AI methods for drug discovery and personalized medicine. His work is supported through the Dutch National Research Agenda, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Horizon Europe, the European Open Science Cloud, the US National Institutes of Health, and a Marie-Curie Innovative Training Network. He is the editor-in-chief for the journal Data Science and is internationally recognized for his contributions in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and semantic technologies including ontologies and linked data.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
3. Edward Food Research & Analysis Centre Ltd (EFRAC) is a USFDA Inspected; NABL (ISO 17025:2017) Accred-
ited Testing & R&D Centre engaged in offering Analytical services to a wide range of Processed Foods, Bev-
erages, Pharmaceutical and allied products. EFRACʼs sophisticated instrumentation meets 21 CFR Part 11 &
DQ, IQ, OQ, PQ Compliance requirements and are coupled with automated Robotic Controls, Data Loggers,
Recorders, Class 10K Pressurized & Classified Clean Rooms & LIMS Integration.
EFRAC is fully equipped & NABL (ISO 17025:2017) accredited for Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Testing as per the
requirements of ISBT Scope. The Non-Hazmat Sampling kits satisfy the Safe & Precise Sampling require-
ments. Our trained Samplers can collect Samples from Cylinders, Feed Lines and Tankers, based on the
requirements.
Being the first accredited Gas Testing Lab in India, EFRAC offers CO2 Testing services of all manufacturers of
Carbonated Beverages & Water in India, South West Asia, Middle East & African countries.
Besides, EFRACʼs Gas Testing Lab is also equipped to Test other industrial Gases like Nitrogen, Helium,
Oxygen, Argon & Compressed Air as per ISBT, EIGA, CGA, IP, BP, USP, JP Standards.
02
ASIA’s FIRST NABL
(ISO 17025:2017)
ACCREDITED
GAS TESTING LAB
NATIONAL REFERENCE LAB
BY FSSAI
NRL
4. N2
CO2 O2
Ar He Air
03
GAS TESTING
Highly pressurized gsaes are essential compo-
nent in the production process of Food Process-
ing, Pharmaceutical & Chemical Industries.
These Gases carry Chemical Residues & thus
ascertaining their quality in terms of purity &
toxicity is very critical.
At EFRAC, we hold requisite expertise for Sam-
pling of high Pressure Gases to ensure Safe &
Correct Sampling.
Our Samplers are trained on handling Sampling
requirements from Pressurized Cylinders, Tank-
ers & even from supply lines.
The collected Samples are brought to lab & are
Quantified upto ppb(v/v) levels for impurities &
other trace contaminants using Sophisticated
high end instrumentation like GC-MS/FID,
GC-PD-HID/SCD & GC-TCD. The Gases are anal-
ysed in accordance to the requirements of
ISBT. EIGA, CGA, IP, BP, USP, JP, IS, ISO Standards.
8. 07
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is a slightly toxic, odorless, colorless gas with a
slightly pungent, acid taste. CO2 is commercially obtained as a
by-product from a variety of sources including the manufacture of
various chemicals (principally ammonia and hydrogen), thermal
decomposition of carbonaceous materials, fermentation processes,
Gases present in natural wells, geothermal sources or produced from
fuel combustion.
CO2 gas is 1.5 times as heavy as air, thus if released to the air it will
concentrate at low elevations. Carbon Dioxide will form "dry ice" at
-78.5ºC (-109.3º F). One kg of dry ice has the cooling capacity of 2 kg
of ordinary ice. Gaseous or liquid Carbon Dioxide, stored under pres-
sure, will form dry ice through an auto-refrigeration process.
Beverage grade Carbon Dioxide is used in large quantities in the man-
ufacture of carbonated Beverages, mostly soft drinks. All Food and
Beverage grade CO2 undergoes a purification process; sometimes
trace impurities make their way into the supply. The purity of Carbon
Dioxide plays a key role on the quality & taste of the Beverage. It is
thus essential to check the CO2 impurities before being used for Food
& Beverages
The presence of Sulfur and certain Hydrocarbons in Carbon Dioxide
gas can be corrosive, poisonous, and odorous.
Carbon Dioxide gas is used Food and Beverages, Health Care, Rubber
and Plastics Industry, Chemicals, Pharmaceuticals, Petroleum &
Metals Industry.
CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2)
9. 08
PARAMETERS
Purity of CO2, Identification of CO2, Total Hydrocarbon as Methane,
Total NVR, NVOR, NVIR, Odour and Appearance of solid CO2 (Dry Ice),
CO2 Appearance in Water, CO2 Odour in water, CO2 Taste in water,
Phosphine, Water Vapour, Oxygen, Carbon monoxide, Ammonia,
Nitric oxide, Nitrogen dioxide, Total Non methane Hydrocarbon,
Methane, Acetal dehyde, Aromatic Hydrocarbon as Benzene, Total
sulphur Content, Sulphur dioxide, Vinyl chloride, Benzene, Toluene,
Ethyal Benzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p xylene, Ethylene glycol, Ethane,
Ethylene, Propane, Propylene, iso-butane, n butane, isopantane,
n-pantane, Butane, Hexanes, Hydrogen sulfide, Carbonyl sulphide,
Methyl Mercaptan, Ethyl Mercaptan, Dimethyl sulphide, Carbon disul-
phide, t-Butyl mercaptan, Isopropyl Mercaptan, n propyl mercaptan,
Methyl ethyl sulphide, 2 butyl Mercaptan, i butyl Mercaptan, Diethyl
sulphide, n butyl Mercaptan, Dimethyl Disulphide, Dimethyl ether,
Ethylene Oxide, Diethyl ether, Propional dehyde, Acetone, Methanol,
t Butanol, Ethanol, Iso propanol, Ethyl acetate, Methyl Ethyl Ketone, 2
Butanol, n propanol, Iso butanol, n Butanol, Isoamyl Alcohol, Iso
amayl Acetate
Zahm & Nagel CO2 purity check kit, TSC analyzer, Total Hydrocarbon
Analyzer, Total Moisture Analyzer, High & Low Pressure Sampling Kit,
Gas Dilution System, Gas Chromatograph with SCD & PDHID, Gas
Chromatograph with MSD-FID-FID, Gas Chromatograph with TCD,
Sensory Test Kit, Passivated liquid CO2 Flash Vaporizer.
METHODS / STANDARDS / REGULATIONS
Indian Standard-307: 1966 , International Society of Beverage Tech-
nologists (ISBT), European Industrial Gases Association (EIGA), Com-
pressed Gas Association (CGA), FSSR 2011, British Pharmacopeia,
European Pharmacopeia, Indian Pharmacopeia, Japanese Pharmaco-
peia, United States Pharmacopeia.
INSTRUMENTS
10. 09
Nitrogen (N2) makes up the major portion of the earth’s atmosphere,
accounting for 78% of total volume. It is a colorless, odorless, taste-
less, non-toxic and almost totally inert gas. Nitrogen is produced in
high volumes at air separation plant to meet the industries require-
ments. A second purification process may be necessary if very high
purity levels are required. Membrane techniques can also be used to
recover nitrogen in high purities.
One of the main applications of nitrogen is Blanketing, Purging and
Spraying in the Food & Chemical industries. It can also be found in
Modified Atmosphere Packages (MAP) for Food stuffs. In liquid form,
it is an agent to Shock-Freeze Food, Store Biological Material, Perform
Cryosurgery and Cryogenically grind Plastics and Rubbers, Besides,
Nitrogen is a key additive in fertilizers.
In the semiconductor industry, N2 is used in large quantities as a
purge and carrier gas. In electronics, it acts as an inert agent for
epitaxial reactors. It is also useful as a carrier, zero and balancing gas
in laboratory analysis. Other common applications include heat treat-
ment, the production of ammonia, fire extinguishing in mines, tyre
filling, shrink-fitting and cold traps, where nitrogen can help to
increase vacuum efficiency.
Nitrogen has huge requirement for different industries like Aerospace
& Aircraft, Automotive & Transportation Equipments, Chemicals,
Energy, Food & Beverage, Health Care, Metal Production, Pharmaceu-
ticals & Biotechnological, Oil & Gas, Refining, Welding & Metal fabrica-
tion, Electronic, Glass R&D Laboratories. Hence the Quality of Nitro-
gen used is one of a key factor for the end users.
EFRAC has the facility to quantify these impurities present in the feed
nitrogen gas.
NITROGEN (N2)
11. 10
International Society of Beverage, Technologists (ISBT), European
Industrial Gases Association (EIGA), Compressed Gas Association
(CGA), British Pharmacopeia, European Pharmacopeia, Indian Phar-
macopeia, Japanese Pharmacopeia, United States Pharmacopeia.
PARAMETERS
N2 Purity, Water Vapor, Oxygen, Carbon monoxide, Carbon Dioxide,
Total Hydro Carbon, Sensory evaluation, Nitrous oxide, Nitrogen diox-
ide, BTX, VOCs
INSTRUMENTS
Total Hydrocarbon Analyzer, Total Moisture Analyzer, High & Low
Pressure Sampling Kit, Gas Dilution System, Gas Chromatograph with
SCD & PDHID, Gas Chromatograph with MSD-FID-FID, Gas Chromato-
graph with TCD, Sensory Test Kit
METHODS / STANDARDS / REGUALTIONS
12. 11
Argon (Ar) is a colourless, odourless, non-reactive, inert gas. A crude
argon stream containing up to 5% oxygen is removed from the main
air separation column and purified to produce the commercial purity
grade Argon. Argon can also be recovered from the exhaust streams
of certain ammonia plants.
Argon has many different applications in many industries. The most
common one is as a shielding gas for arc welding – either in pure form
or as part of various mixtures. It is one of the main Gases used in filling
mixtures for incandescent (filament) lamps, phosphorescent tubes.
It is also used as a carrier gas in chromatography, sputtering, plasma
etching and ion implantations. It provides a blanket atmosphere in
crystal growth, viniculture and pharmaceutical packaging. As an insu-
lation gas, argon is a popular way of improving thermal insulation in
multi-pane windows.
It has many protective applications in iron, steel and heat treatment
industries – particularly in the case of metals susceptible to nitriding
when treated with a nitrogen-based atmosphere.
ARGON (Ar)
Total Moisture Analyzer, High & Low Pressure Sampling Kit, Gas Dilu-
tion System, Gas Chromatograph with SCD & PDHID, Gas Chromato-
graph with MSD-FID-FID, Gas Chromatograph with TCD
PARAMETERS
Purity, Identification, Water Vapor, Carbon monoxide, Oxygen
INSTRUMENTS
European Industrial Gases Association (EIGA), Compressed Gas Asso-
ciation (CGA), British Pharmacopeia, European Pharmacopeia, Indian
Pharmacopeia, Japanese Pharmacopeia, United States Pharmaco-
peia.
METHODS / STANDARDS / REGUALTIONS
13. 12
Oxygen (O2) is a colourless and odourless gas. It is vital for most life
forms on earth. Medical oxygen is essential in Hospital and Clinical
care for resuscitation and surgery and for various therapies. It is also
mixed with Nitrogen or Helium to create underwater diving mixtures.
Oxygen is obtained on a commercial scale through the liquification
and distillation of ambient air at air separation plants. A second purifi-
cation process may be necessary if ultra-high purity levels are
required. High-purity oxygen can also be produced through the elec-
trolysis of water. Membrane techniques are used to lower-purity
requirements.
The main industrial application of Oxygen is combustion. Mixing of
Oxygen with air greatly enhances combustion efficiency in iron and
steel, non-ferrous, glass and concrete industries. It is widely com-
bined with a fuel gas for Cutting, Welding, Brazing and Glass Blowing.
Oxygen is also popular in thermal lancing to drill or cut through
materials such as concrete, brick, stone and various metals. Due to its
ability to help stabilise the arc and reduce surface tension, Oxygen is
used as an ingredient in some shielding gas mixtures. The chemical
industry relies on pure Oxygen to increase the efficiency of oxidation
reactions, for instance. High-purity oxygen is used in laboratories,
process-control operations, gas-cooled nuclear reactors, metal analy-
sis instruments, and in semiconductor and optical fibre production.
On the water treatment front, oxygen is an effective way of purifying
waste water and treating sewage. Other applications include sealing
glass ampoules in the Pharmaceutical industries, Oxygenation of
Water for aquaculture, Steel production and so on.
OXYGEN (O2)
European Industrial Gases Association (EIGA), Compressed Gas Asso-
ciation (CGA), British Pharmacopeia, European Pharmacopeia, Indian
Pharmacopeia, Japanese Pharmacopeia, United States Pharmaco-
peia.
PARAMETERS
O2 Purity, Water Vapor, Carbon monoxide, Carbon Dioxide, Total
Hydro Carbon, Sensory evaluation, Nitrous oxide, Nitrogen dioxide,
Sulfur dioxide, Oil, BTX, VOCs
METHODS / STANDARDS / REGUALTIONS
Total Hydrocarbon Analyzer, Total Moisture Analyzer, High & Low
Pressure Sampling Kit, Gas Dilution System, Gas Chromatograph with
SCD & PDHID, Gas Chromatograph with MSD-FID-FID, Gas Chromato-
graph with TCD, Sensory Test Kit
INSTRUMENTS
14. 13
Helium (He) is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic, non-corrosive and
non-combustible gas. It is mainly sourced from natural gas wells.
With the lowest boiling point of any gas (4.2 Kelvin or –269° Celsius),
liquid helium is the coldest matter on Earth. This makes it ideal as a
cryogenic agent for a number of cutting-edge medical and physics
applications. For instance, it is used to cool superconductive magnet-
ic coils in magnetic resonance imaging and nuclear magnetic reso-
nance (NMR) medical equipment.
In fact, Helium is indispensable across a wide range of industries. For
example, it is used to pressurise rocket fuel; create inert atmospheres
for welding, heat treatment and epitaxial crystal growth; purge semi-
conductor atmospheres; calibrate analytical instruments; inflate
airplane tyres and airbags; test for leaks; inflate large balloons for
meteorological studies; and fill electronic tubes in neon signs & labo-
ratory research works. It also combines with oxygen to create breath-
ing gas mixtures for divers. It also has different uses in the pharma-
ceutical industry.
HELIUM (He)
European Industrial Gases Association (EIGA), Compressed Gas Asso-
ciation (CGA), British Pharmacopeia, European Pharmacopeia, Indian
Pharmacopeia, Japanese Pharmacopeia, United States Pharmaco-
peia.
PARAMETERS
He Purity, Identification, Methane, Water Vapor, Carbon monoxide,
Carbon Dioxide, Sensory evaluation, Nitrous oxide, Nitrogen dioxide,
Sulfur dioxide, Oil, BTX, VOCs
METHODS / STANDARDS / REGUALTIONS
Total Hydrocarbon Analyzer, Total Moisture Analyzer, High & Low
Pressure Sampling Kit, Gas Dilution System, Gas Chromatograph with
SCD & PDHID, Gas Chromatograph with MSD-FID-FID, Gas Chromato-
graph with TCD, Sensory Test Kit
INSTRUMENTS
15. 14
Compressed air is air kept under a pressure that is greater than atmo-
spheric pressure. Compressed air is used for power tools such as air
hammers, drills, wrenches and others. Compressed air is used to
atomize paint, to operate air cylinders for automation, and can also
be used to propel vehicles. Brakes applied by compressed air made
large railway trains safer and more efficient to operate. Compressed
air brakes are also found on large highway vehicles.
Compressed air is used as a breathing gas by underwater device. It
may be carried by the diver in a high pressure diving cylinder or
supplied from the surface at lower pressure through an air line or
diver’s umbilical. Similar arrangements are used in breathing appara-
tus used by fire-fighters, mine rescue workers and industrial workers
in hazardous atmospheres.
Without compressed air none of an industry operates their normal
process. It has a common use in Food processing, Beverage, Steel
making, Power production, pharmaceutical industries and so on
AIR OR COMPRESSED AIR
Particle size Counter, Total Moisture Analyzer, High & Low Pressure
Sampling Kit, Gas Dilution System, FTIR
PARAMETERS
Particle Count, Particle concentration, Due Point, Moisture, Total Oil,
Microbial Count.
INSTRUMENTS
ISO 8753
METHODS / STANDARDS / REGUALTIONS
16. 15
EFRAC’s unique Non-Hazmat (No-Haz) Sampling Kits and
accessories allow to properly obtain a representative Feed
Gas sample from Cylinders, Tankers & Lines and easily ship
it to our laboratory for rapid analysis. Our trained field staff
can collect samples from site following best sampling prac-
tices of Safety.
SAMPLING
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Haz CO2 SamplingK
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Our trained Samplers can perform Sampling for :
• Compressed gas sampling from bulk storage vessels
specially Liquid CO2 by using “Double-Ended Passivated
Cylinders With Outage Tubes”
• Compressed gas sampling from bulk storage vessels
specially Liquid CO2 by using “Single-Ended Passivated
• Compressed gas sampling “Using Polymeric Sampling
Bags”
• Liquid CO2 sampling using “Snow Generators And
Containers”
• Compressed Gas sampling using “Passivated, Low
Pressure Metal Cylinders”
Cylinders”