The document discusses trends in nursing education in India. It outlines the history of nursing in India dating back to 1500 BC and how modern nursing was introduced by the Portuguese in the 17th century. At independence in 1947, there were only 7,000 nurses for 350 million people. Current trends include an increased focus on technology, evidence-based practice, and quality assurance. Student demographics are also more diverse. While India faces a nursing shortage, nursing education is expanding through new programs, online learning, and an emphasis on research.

1. TRENDS IN NURSING EDUCATION
AND CURRENT STATUS OF NURSING
EDUCATION IN INDIA
Hanuman Ram Bishnoi
Faculty, All India Institute of
Medical sciences Jodhpur

3. HISTORY OF NURSING IN INDIA
•Dates back to about 1500
B.C.E., in the scriptures of
Hindu teaching
•Sushruta defined the ideal
relations of doctor, nurse,
patient, and medicine as the
four feet upon which a cure
must rest.

4. HISTORY OF NURSING IN INDIA
• In India, the modern field of
medicine, including nursing, was
introduced by the Portuguese in
the 17thCentury
• The Jamsetjee Jeejeebhoy (JJ)
Hospital was the first to train
nurses
• The first Indian woman to come
for nursing training was Bai
Kashibai Ganpat in 1891 from
Bombay

5. HISTORY OF NURSING IN INDIA
•At the time of independence in 1947, only about 7,000
nurses practiced in the entire country with a population of
about 350 million (Sakurikar, 2011).
•The hospitals were understaffed and nursing lacked
professional and social status.
• In 1946, the Bhore Committee emphasized the
integration of curative and preventive medicine at all
levels
•As a result, the Indian Nursing Council (INC) was
established in 1947 to regulate the standards of nursing
education.

6. CURRENT STATUS OF NURSING IN INDIA
•According to theWHO, the number of
nurses per 10,000 population in India is 8,
•it is 33 nurses per 10,000 person for the
world
•16 nurses per 10,000 or low-income
countries
•(WHO, India ranks 75th among 133
developing countries with regard to the
number of nurses

7. CURRENT STATUS OF NURSING IN INDIA
•India’s nurse-to-population
ratio is 1:475, including
registered nurses and midwives
and lady health visitors,
according to NHP 2017.
•TheWHO recommends a nurse-
to-patient ratio of 1:500.

8. CURRENT STATUS OF NURSING IN INDIA
• There are 1.79 million
registered nurses/midwives and
786,796 auxiliary nurse
midwives in India, according to
INC data.
• India is short of 1.94 million
nurses, according to data from
the Indian Nursing Council (INC)
and theWorld Health
Organization (WHO).

9. Number of Institutions Providing
Nursing Education and Nursing Workforce
in India(2018)
•ANM SCHOOL- 1570
•GNM- 2824
•BSc – 1768
•MSc- 592

10. History of Nursing Education in India
• 1908 –Trained Nurses Association of India (TNAI) established.
• 1942 - ANM programme started
• 1943 - School of Nursing at RAK College, New Delhi.
• 1946 - Four year B.Sc nursing programme started in RAK College
and CMC,Vellore.
• 1947 - INC act was passed.
• 1949 - INC was established.
• 1959 - M.Sc Nursing started in RAK College of Nursing.
• 1963 - Post basic B.Sc programme started

11. History of Nursing Education in India
• 1986 - M.Phil programme started in RAK, Delhi.
• 1992 - PhD in RAK College, New Delhi
• 1992 - Post basic programme started under IGNOU
• 2004 – Syllabus of all nursing courses revised and implemented
from 2006 onwards
• 2005-National consortium for Ph.D. in Nursing was constituted by
Indian Nursing Council (INC) in collaboration with Rajiv Gandhi
University of Health Sciences, Karnataka .
• 2008 – Post basic diploma in 10 nursing specialties including
independent nurse practitioner in midwifery was developed.

12. TRNDS IN NURSING
•The simple meaning of trend is
‘movement in a particular
direction’.
•The trends in nursing education
are the cornerstones for the
dynamic nature of nursing
profession.

13. TECHNOLOGY & NURSING
•Nursing Informatics:
•“science and practice (that)
integrates nursing, its
information and knowledge,
with management of
information and
communication
technologies.”

14. HighTech - HighTouch Approach
Present day nursing
education is preparing
students to maintain
the human element of
nursing care with the
help of sophisticated
technology and
gadgets.

15. Advanced EducationalTechnology:
•Advanced educational technology
media like projectors, Smart
boards, computer models and
simulation labs are now widely
used
•Nursing students widely use
smartphones, tablets and android
applications
• Android apps provide
information to the fingertips of
the students

16. Animations & CinematicTechnology:
•Animations are now widely
used .
•Video assisted teachings with
the help of animation are being
widely .
•Nursing procedures, physical
examination, breath sounds
and stages of labor can be
made clear and thorough this .

17. STUDENT POPULATION
•Enrolment of Men as
Nursing Students:
• Nursing was considered as a
female profession at least in
India.
•In present generation the
trend is changing. In the past
few decades the number of
males enrolled for Nursing
has increased.

18. Changing demography of Nursing Students:
•In older days nursing care
was provided by nun sisters
and many of the major
hospitals were established
by missionaries.
•Present day nursing
students represents a
diverse population in terms
of gender, age and socio
economic status.

19. EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE:
•EBP is defined as “a
problem-solving
approach to clinical care
that incorporates the
conscientious use of
current best evidence
from well-designed
studies.

20. Clinical Instruction –Training the
Trainers:
•Over a period of time
more emphasis is given
on clinical nursing
education.
•Nursing faculty is now
taking up responsibility
& accountability to
patient care.

21. EVALUATION SYSTEM
•University Based Education:
GNM and ANM courses were
offered in Schools of
Nursing that were not
affiliated to any University.
•B Sc. Nursing and MSc.
Nursing courses are being
offered to nursing students
in Colleges of Nursing which
is either affiliated to, or a
constituent of a university.

22. Innovative Evaluation Strategies:
• Innovative evaluation strategies
like ‘Objective Structured Clinical
Evaluation’ (OSCE), Rubrics, are
now widely being used.
• OSCEs are widely used to
evaluate clinical skills and
competencies.
• In clinical nursing education,
rubrics are used to objectively
assess student performance and
it focuses on aspects of patient
safety.

23. QUALITY ASSURANCE
•Educational Quality
Assurance:The trend of
educational quality assurance
has emerged recently.
•In India nursing education is
flourishing in an
unprecedented manner,
naturally this will lead to the
dilution in the quality of
nursing education.

24. Advanced Nursing Courses
•Nurses in clinical area is also
now focusing on their carrier
advancements by continuing
nursing education programs
and in-service education.
• Higher studies in abroad is
also becoming more popular
•There is a high demand for;
Nurse Practitioner, Clinical
Nurse Specialist, MPhil and
PhD programs.

25. Research in Nursing Education:
•Research has become a major
area in curriculum. Action
research and the use of
qualitative methodologies in
research is getting wider
acceptance now.
•Educational research focuses
on enhancement of the
teaching and learning process.

26. E Learning & Online Education:
•E learning and online education
are becoming important which
increases the scope of universal
learning.
•Education is becoming
accessible in the tips of every
nurse by the technological
advancements and the
implementation of e learning in
nursing

27. Interprofessional Education (IPE)
•The need of collaborative
practices among health
care professionals led to
the emergence of IPE.
•Individuals from different
professions learn
together

28. CONCLUSION:
•Trends are changes that takes place and become
vogue.
•The technological changes, changes in
demographics and health patterns have
contributed to various trends in nursing
education.
•The dynamic nature of nursing education strive
to enhance the quality of care, the core of
nursing.

29. BIBLIOGRAPHY
•Tiwari, R. R., Sharma, K., & Zodpey, S. P. (2013, JUNE).
Situational analysis of nursing education and work force
in India. Nursing Outlook, 61(3), 129-136.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.outlook.2012.07.012.

30. Hanu Bishnoi/aiimsjodhpurfaculty