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POL 375
Spring 2018
 Discusses three key powers of Congress:
 Passing Basic Laws of the Land
 Power of the Purse
 Shaping Foreign Policy
 Rank these areas in order to importance to:
 (1) Congressmen as an Lawmaking Institution
 (2) Congress as a Representative Body
 Bicameral (two house)
national legislature
 Members of lower
chamber apportioned
by population
 Gave legislature much
broader authority
than under Articles
James Madison
 Unicameral
(one house) legislature
 Equal representation
regardless of
population
William Paterson
 Bicameral (two house)
legislature
 Lower chamber
(House) based on
population
 Upper chamber
(Senate) based on
equality
Roger Sherman
SIMILARITIES
 Specialized Committee
System
 Formalized Party Structure
 Emboldened Party
Members
DIFFERENCES
 Party Leaders in House
more influential
 Individual members have
greater significance in
Senate
 Early Congresses hostile to idea
 Standing committees formed by 1820s
 House Committees:
 Energy and Commerce; Ways and Means; Budget
 Senate Committees:
 Judiciary, Foreign Relations, HELP
 Speakership becomes desirable
 Drawn-out elections
 Speaker Duties:
 Make Appointments
 Regulate Proceedings
 Influence Agenda
 Clay, Cannon, Reed, Rayburn, Gingrich
 1940s response to strong POTUS leadership
 Decreased Number of Congressional Cmtes.
 Increased Committee Staff and Congressional
Oversight
 StrengthenedCongress to Resist Presidential
Encroachment
 Constituencies
 Increased interactions – Polling, Mobilization
 Committees
 Increased Policy Knowledge
 Coalitions (Parties)
 Independence; Develop Individual Profiles
 “Subcommittee Bill of Rights”
 Open Rules and Meetings
 Recorded FloorVotes
Historical Development of Congress
Historical Development of Congress
Historical Development of Congress
Historical Development of Congress
Historical Development of Congress

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Historical Development of Congress

  • 2.
  • 3.  Discusses three key powers of Congress:  Passing Basic Laws of the Land  Power of the Purse  Shaping Foreign Policy  Rank these areas in order to importance to:  (1) Congressmen as an Lawmaking Institution  (2) Congress as a Representative Body
  • 4.
  • 5.  Bicameral (two house) national legislature  Members of lower chamber apportioned by population  Gave legislature much broader authority than under Articles James Madison
  • 6.  Unicameral (one house) legislature  Equal representation regardless of population William Paterson
  • 7.  Bicameral (two house) legislature  Lower chamber (House) based on population  Upper chamber (Senate) based on equality Roger Sherman
  • 8. SIMILARITIES  Specialized Committee System  Formalized Party Structure  Emboldened Party Members DIFFERENCES  Party Leaders in House more influential  Individual members have greater significance in Senate
  • 9.  Early Congresses hostile to idea  Standing committees formed by 1820s  House Committees:  Energy and Commerce; Ways and Means; Budget  Senate Committees:  Judiciary, Foreign Relations, HELP
  • 10.  Speakership becomes desirable  Drawn-out elections  Speaker Duties:  Make Appointments  Regulate Proceedings  Influence Agenda  Clay, Cannon, Reed, Rayburn, Gingrich
  • 11.
  • 12.  1940s response to strong POTUS leadership  Decreased Number of Congressional Cmtes.  Increased Committee Staff and Congressional Oversight  StrengthenedCongress to Resist Presidential Encroachment
  • 13.  Constituencies  Increased interactions – Polling, Mobilization  Committees  Increased Policy Knowledge  Coalitions (Parties)  Independence; Develop Individual Profiles
  • 14.  “Subcommittee Bill of Rights”  Open Rules and Meetings  Recorded FloorVotes