Aqa international relations gcse history revision mindmapsDave Wallbanks
AQA Modern World History Course Paper1 topics 1,2 & 3
Causes of World War One
The Treaty of Versailles & End of World War One
Causes of the Second World War
This Presentation provides a detailed understanding of World War 1, popularly known as the Great War fought between July 28, 1914, and November 11, 1918. The presentation also gives details regarding descriptions on causes responsible for the 'First World War' as well as the major battles of the Great War.
To watch the video attached on slide no. 43, Please click on the YouTube link.
https://youtu.be/_G4ZY66BG38
This is a Hypermedia activity about WWII. It is 41 slides long and includes Major Battles, Political and Military Leaders, Countries involved, important dates, information about the Holocaust and important terminology.
This one is long, but packed to the brim with good stuff. It covers the causes of WWI, the changes in weaponry and tactics (or lack thereof), the strategies and eventual results of The Great War. There's also a few asides on such things as shell shock.
Aqa international relations gcse history revision mindmapsDave Wallbanks
AQA Modern World History Course Paper1 topics 1,2 & 3
Causes of World War One
The Treaty of Versailles & End of World War One
Causes of the Second World War
This Presentation provides a detailed understanding of World War 1, popularly known as the Great War fought between July 28, 1914, and November 11, 1918. The presentation also gives details regarding descriptions on causes responsible for the 'First World War' as well as the major battles of the Great War.
To watch the video attached on slide no. 43, Please click on the YouTube link.
https://youtu.be/_G4ZY66BG38
This is a Hypermedia activity about WWII. It is 41 slides long and includes Major Battles, Political and Military Leaders, Countries involved, important dates, information about the Holocaust and important terminology.
This one is long, but packed to the brim with good stuff. It covers the causes of WWI, the changes in weaponry and tactics (or lack thereof), the strategies and eventual results of The Great War. There's also a few asides on such things as shell shock.
HISTORY YEAR 10: THE COURSE OF WORLD WAR 1. It contains: Sarajevo assassination, big battles, USA entering the war, the threat of Germany, Germany vs Britain, the Balkans, the system of alliances, 5 phases of WW1, the war of movement, the race to the sea, stalemate 1915, the war of attrition 1916-1918, the war of attrition blockades, the end of the war, the consequences of war, homework.
Powerpoint lecture based on Strayer's 3rd edition Ways of the World for AP-Honors World History students. Covers WWI, Great Depression, Rise of Fascism, WWII and aftermath.
History the First World War - War to end all warsJerry Daperro
“The First World War cut deep into the consciousness of Modern man. It reshaped the political order in Europe. It memorials stand in every town and village. ……. My aim has been to see the war in historical perspective. I have tried to explain what the war was about; particularly, to resolve the paradox that men were passionately engaged in the war and hated it at the same time. Each conuntry fought ostensibly to defend itself yet sought also to conquer and to make great gains.” 1966.
Too many people still believe the greatness of their nations over others, of course most people love their own country too. Before the start of the Iraq War in 2003, a patriotic friend called me from the US and ask me “Are you not afraid of the coming Iraq war?”, with her rather blinding enthusiasm for the invasion. I did not answer her. Unknown to her, I was marching against the Iraq war. It was the biggest protest march I have ever seen. On that day, 1 million people marched in London to voice their opposition to the war. At least there were 1 million people who did not believed that Iraq had the Weapon of Mass Destruction neither were they able to stop the war, in an otherwise democratic country. 3 Jan 2015.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Hist a390 johnny got his machine gun
1. Johnny Got His Machine Gun and
the Great Beyond
1916-1917
Otto Dix, Trench
2. 1916: “The enthusiasm of 1914 became the
disillusionment of 1916.” (Mosse, p. 68)
• January 24 Britain implements conscription
(Military Service Act, MSA)
• February 21 Battle of Verdun begins (through
Dec. 18)
• April 24-29 Easter Uprising in Ireland
• May 31-June 1 Naval Battle of Jutland
• July 1-Nov. 19 Battle of Somme
• November 21 Death of Emperor Franz Josef of
Austria-Hungary and succession of Archduke Karl
3. The Western Front
Trenches and No-Man’s Land:
A Wasteland
Verdun (Feb. 1916)
in six weeks 90,000 French
dead; by May, 200,000 dead.
Total French and German
casualties around one million
with 700,000 dead.
Somme: 1 July 1916:
60,000 casualties in first day
(in first minutes British
lost 21,000 men)
One million casualties total.
4. Machine Guns: A Game Changer
“In the Russo-Japanese War an English observer,
the future General Sir Ian Hamilton, reported
that the only thing the cavalry could do in the
face of entrenched machine guns was to cook
rice for the infantry.” The War Office responded
that they wondered if “the months in the Orient
had affected his mind.” (Ellis, p. 128)
5. July 1, 1916
• Fussell: July 1, 1916 the end of all innocence. “That
moment, one of the most interesting in the whole
long history of human disillusion, can stand as the
type of all the ironic actions of the war.” Beautiful
weather (sunny, clear blue skies); general feeling that
this would be the last battle of the war. Haig
believed “Divine” assistance guiding efforts.
Field Marshal Douglas Haig
6. Somme Miscalculations
• Haig chose strongest section of the German line to launch offensive,
Germans aware of preparations. German defense based on MG. Ellis
notes that the “final absurdity [was that] every man was required to carry
with him equipment which altogether weighed a little under 70 lbs and
reduced his maximum speed to almost walking pace.” (MG, p. 133) Tough
to get out of a trench and move quickly!
• German Official History for 1 July 1916, the Brits advance in “solid lines
without gaps in faultless order, led by . . . officers carrying battle flags and
sticks. Wave after wave were shot by well-aimed fire . . . A wall of dead
British was piled up on the front.” (Ellis, p. 137)
• Second half of 1916 erosion of support of the war. British film, The Battle
of the Somme (1916) (around 19 million people saw it in 1st 6 weeks).
Even so, sense of duty remains into 1918, remained crusade.
• Logic of attrition: To kill as many as cheaply as possible (hence WWII gas
chamber and nuclear bomb).
7. By 1916-17
• Shrinking army reserves, shortages of
munitions, enfeebled allies, support for war
on home front flagging
• Attempts at breakthrough (Somme,
submarines) not working
• Women as workers, consumers, war-widows,
mothers, and heads of “war-families” facing
difficult time (maybe war not such a boon?)
8. Why can’t the Germans win the war with
such fire power?
German machine gun unit in the west, armed
with the captured Russian machine guns.
11. Krupp's Big Bertha, a German 42cm howitzer:
Crush the Belgian fortresses in 1914
12. Supergun
Introduced in 1918, German "supergun" could
hurl a 100-kilo projectile 80 miles. Germans
used it to shell Paris from their side of the
front, which was more than 60 miles away.
Poor accuracy meant Germans hitting random
targets in Paris, alarming Parisians but not
doing any real damage to the war effort.
High-caliber, medium-range artillery pieces
more effective.
By 1918, German artillery officer Georg
Bruchmüller perfected art of highly focused,
precisely timed artillery barrages to devastate
enemy positions in preparation for a ground
offensive by German troops.
https://www.vox.com/a/world-war-i-maps
13. Paris Gun
German long-range siege gun.
Range of up to 80 miles but little accuracy.
Overall length of 112 feet and weighed 138
tons.
14. In 1918 Paris Gun able to shell Paris
from 75 miles away.
16. War Comes to the Home fronts?
Sackville Street (now O'Connell Street), Dublin,
after the Easter Rebellion, 1916
17. The Easter Rising/Rebellion
• Easter Week, 1916: Irish republican armed
insurrection to end British rule; establish
independent Irish Republic.
• Quickly suppressed
• 3,430 men and 79
women arrested. 90 people
sentenced to death.
Fifteen executed. General Post Office, Dublin.
Centre of the Easter Rising
18. 1917: “Strains”
• January Resumption of unrestricted submarine
warfare by Germany
• Jan.-Feb. “Turnip Winter” in Germany; food riots break
out
• February 2 Britain introduces bread rationing
• Feb 23/March 16 Tsar Nicholas II of Russia abdicates the throne
• March 21-July 18 Germany launches spring offensive
• April 6 USA enters war against Germany
• April 29 First mutiny by French army unit
• July 31-Nov. 10 Third Battle of Ypres (Battle of Passchendaele)
• Oct. 24-Nov. 10 Battle of Caporetto
• Oct 25/Nov 7 Bolshevik overthrow of Provisional
Government
21. Russia’s February Revolution 1917
• Tsarism overthrown in spontaneous, uncoordinated
street actions
• Radicalization: Ready for change
• “Levelling of society”: class anger and social equality
and workers’ control. Polarization.
• What Russians want: No Autocracy; Peace (no war);
Social Justice; Dignity; a better life (working conditions,
pay, hours)
• Role of war in creating conditions for revolution?
• Was WWI responsible for Revolution of 1917/end of
Romanovs: Big historiographical question
22. The Russian Steamroller? Russian troops
hurried into the fighting line. Unprepared and
poorly led.
23. Impact of World War I on Russian Society
• War an agent of modernization
• Society mobilized and creation of new identities:
women taking “men’s jobs; “feminization of
agriculture”
Peasants and workers as soldiers: By March 1917
over 15 million Russian men mobilized, 4-10 million
peasants in uniform (but not with weapons).
36% of male population of working age called up to
front. 15% of the male population.
24. The Cost of War
Millions of causalities (dead, wounded, POWs)
7.3-8.5 million
Refugees fleeing the front (6 million)
Acute economic crisis: Breakdown of
transportation system, no fuel, no food
Acute political crisis: Government unable to
govern (Nicholas II using Rasputin’s comb)
25. From War to Revolution
Russian soldiers in costume for a performance
during a lull in World War I fighting (1916).
26. 1916: War turns to Revolution
• Pavel Miliukov on Nicholas II: Is this stupidity or is
this treason? (Nov. 1916 State Duma speech)
• By 1916, everyone tired of war and just plain tired.
Government isolated
• Strikes pick up
• Rasputin murdered by elites
(Dec. 1916)
Rasputin and the Imperial couple.
Anonymous caricature in 1916
28. February Revolution of 1917
• War created militarized and radicalized society
• Lockout at Petrograd Putilov metal works
• International Women’s Day (Feb 23/March 8)
• Massive demonstrations (300,000 in Petrograd)
February Revolution of 1917:
Putilov workers protesting in
the streets
30. Romanov Reign Over
• Five Days from Feb. 23-27 (March 8-12)
• Spontaneous, uncoordinated mass movement.
• No confidence in government
Emperor Nicholas II
on board the Imperial Train
31. Romanov rule evolving into a
liberals constitutional monarchy
ruled by law Or even a kinder,
more compassionate autocracy
But interrupted by war?
Some historians argue war led to
collapse of Romanov rule.
Evidence suggests not. Not a
question of if but when.
Clash of autocracy and
modernization?
Easy to romanticize Romanovs.
One of the last photos of Nicholas II
Under house arrest, March 1917
32. Now What?
• Duma? (Lacks legitimacy)
• March 12 revamped to
Temporary Executive Committee
(TEC)
• Soviets resurrected
• “dual power”
• March 15 TEC renamed
Provisional Government
headed by Prince Lvov
(PG dominated by Kadets
and Octobrists)
33. “Dual Power” in Action
• March 14: Order No. 1 Who will gain control
of the Petrograd Garrison? Epitomized class
struggle. Who gains hearts and minds of
soldiers and sailors wins out.
• “Honeymoon period”: Common Aims of PG
and Soviet include Constituent Assembly;
General Peace or only defensive war; civil
liberties; Polish independence; and Amnesty
of political prisoners
