This document describes the findings and characteristics of several heart murmurs: 1. A mitral regurgitation murmur with a loud S1, mid-diastolic murmur with presystolic accentuation, and opening snap heard at the mitral area in the left lateral position. 2. A mitral stenosis murmur with a soft S1, pan-systolic murmur best heard at the mitral area as a soft, high pitched blowing murmur radiating to the axilla or back. 3. An aortic regurgitation murmur with a soft S2, ejection systolic murmur best heard at the aortic area as a rough, low pitched rumbling

1. Dr. Mohit Chaudhary

2. 1. Loud S1
2. Mid-diastolic murmur with presystolic
accentuation
3. Best heard at mitral area in lt latral
position
4. Rough rumbling, low pitch murmur
5. Non radiating
6. Opening snap heard
7. Grade

3. 1. Duration of opening snap depends on
severity
2. Duration between s2 and opening snap
becomes lesser as severity progress
3. Presystolic accentuation produced
during atrial contraction phase, hence
it is absent in AF

4. 1. Soft s1
2. Pan-systolic murmur best heard in
mitral area
3. Soft blowing, high pitched murmur
4. Radiating to axilla or back

5. 1. Left atrium is very compliant, so
more regurgitant flow in lt atrium
2. Low cardiac output with sudden
pulmonary hypertension
3. Prsentation is low hypotension with
pulmonary edema
4. May occur in acute MI, ruptured
chordae tendinae.

6. 1. Soft S2
2. Ejection systolic murmur
3. Best heard at aortic area, in sitting
with leaning forward position
4. Rough rumbling, low pitched murmur
5. Radiating to carotids
6. May associated with ejection click
(not to be confused with systolic
click, which is heard in MVP)

7. 1. Ejection systolic murmur starts after
S1, after isometric relaxation phase of
ventricles
2. Early systolic murmur starts with S1.

8. 1. Soft S2
2. Early diastolic murmur
3. Best heard at aortic area
4. Soft blowing, high pitched murmur
5. May be associated with austin-flint
murmur