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Heart Failure
This document provides an overview of heart failure. It begins by outlining the objectives of understanding pathophysiology, classification, therapeutic targets, and initiating guideline directed medical therapy. It then discusses the anatomy, myocardial mechanics, effects on physiology, and introduction to heart failure. Classification systems such as ESC and AHA/ACC are presented. The document discusses heart failure in India, hospitalization risk, definition, and why ejection fraction is used for classification. It covers the pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, assessment, biomarkers, ECG, CXR findings, echocardiogram evaluation, treatment approaches for acute and chronic heart failure, guideline directed medical therapies including drugs, and SGLT2 inhibitors.
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Editor's Notes
- #6 Concept of strain imaging
- #10 6 month rehospitalisation 42% , death 38% @ 6months - vellore heart failure registry
- #52 Stress on ARNi therapy nTproBNP measurement Effect on obesity
- #53 Breathing Not Properly trial – BNP evidence : value of 100 ADHF PRIDE : nt proBNP -900; ICON : age stratification <300 excludes ADHF
- #54 Arrythmia- decompensation
- #71 Iron = AFFIRM HF trial : Functional iron deficiency ( TSAT 25%Ferritin < 100) : Better outcomes after iv iron supplementation. 500–1000 mg of iron in patients who have a hemoglobin <10 with iron deficiency.
- #75 5 HR reduce All cause mortality by 18 %= Can add Ivabradine
- #76 Data from Ephesus trial showed :
- #81 DECLARE TIMI58 trial : 1st showed reduced hospitalizations for HF, reduced CV death triggered DAPA HF trial
- #83 Reverse Remodelling.
- #87 EMPEROR-REDUCED TRIAL: Substantial benefit after days of randomisation