This document discusses several common health disorders that can impact a student's ability to attend and focus in school, including HIV/AIDS, asthma, epilepsy, diabetes, cystic fibrosis, and sickle cell anemia. These disorders may cause frequent absences due to medical treatments, as well as fatigue and pain that interfere with learning. They are recognized by the IDEA as other health impairments that can adversely affect educational performance. The document provides brief overviews of each disorder and some of the educational supports that may be needed.

1. HIV/AIDS, ASTHMA, EPILEPSY, DIABETES, CYSTIC FIBROSIS, SICKLE CELL ANEMIA HEALTH DISORDERS

2. HEALTH DISORDERS AND SPECIAL EDUCATION Sometimes, a child’s health disorder or chronic illness may impact their ability to attend school or focus on instruction Frequent hospital stays Missing class during day for medical treatments/monitoring Fatigue and pain impacting ability to attend to instruction IDEA recognizes health disorders that adversely affect educational performance under “OTHER HEALTH IMPAIRMENT”

3. AIDS & HIV-1 Patterns of disease development in children Onset 1-3 years of age Stage 4: Symptoms of compromised immune system Fatigue Weight loss Illnesses Rashes Stage 5: development of chronic diseases Immune system failure

5. Coughing

6. Wheezing

7. Tightness in chest

9. DIABETES Developmental or hereditary disorder characterized by inadequate secretion of insulin There are two types: Insulin dependant diabetes mellitus, type 1, or juvenile diabetes Non-insulin-dependant diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or adult onset diabetes

10. DIABETES Process Glucose builds up in blood, causing extreme hunger, thirst, & frequent urination Accompanying complications Blindness Cardiovascular disease Kidney disease

11. CYSTIC FIBROSIS Inherited, systemic, generalized disorder of secretion glands that begins at conception Abnormal secretions obstruct the functions of lungs, pancreas, & sweat glands

12. ASTHMA, DIABETES, SICKLE CELL ANEMIA, CYSTIC FIBROSIS Adversely affect educational performance Health plans Impact school day and time in class Reduced life expectancy Chronic absences Home and hospital

13. SICKLE CELL ANEMIA Abnormality of hemoglobin molecule found within red blood cells Blood oxygen level decreases, red blood cells go through a distortion process called sickling Anemia: Sickled cells block microvascular channels, which can cause extreme pain May affect any organ system in body Significant negative effects on physical growth & development

14. EDUCATIONAL SUPPORTS & SERVICES Appropriate teaching activities High expectations Positive behavioral support Precise feedback Organizational strategies & practice Educational services Problem solving Social behaviors Expressive &receptive language skills Writing skills Assistive technology