The document discusses the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. It describes how the gardens were built by King Nebuchadnezzar II around 600 BC to please his homesick wife from the green mountains. An elaborate irrigation system lifted water from the Euphrates River to irrigate the multi-level gardens built on a large stone structure. While the gardens' existence has been questioned, they would have been a marvel of engineering to transport water to plants stacked several stories high in the flat Mesopotamian climate, if they did exist as described.

1. Student: Hoda B. Al-Maqrabi Al-Malki

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3.  The Movie ……..
 Introduction ………….
 Seven Quick Facts …….
 Location …….
 The Mysterious Gardens …..
 Gift for A Homesick Wife …..
 Garden Construction …….
 Irrigation system …..
 A Problem …….
 How big were the gardens …..
 My Opinion …....
 References ……..
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5. The Hanging Gardens
of Babylon are
perhaps the most
mysterious of the
seven wonders. They
are remarkable in that
they compose the
only wonder whose
very existence has
been very seriously
called into question.
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6. Location: City State of Babylon
(Modern Iraq)
Built: Around 600 BC
Function: Royal Gardens
Destroyed: Earthquake, 2nd Century
BC
Size: Height probably 80 ft. (24m)
Made of: Mud brick waterproofed
with lead.
Other: Only wonder whose
archaeological remains
cannot be verified.
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8. Babylon was the capital
of the Neo-Babylonian
empire, which thrived in
the region of
Mesopotamia (a region
covering today’s Iraq,
part of Syria,
southeastern Turkey and
Southwestern Iran) from
612 B.C.
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9. the gardens were built to
cheer up
Nebuchadnezzar's
homesick wife, Amyitis.
Amyitis, daughter of the
king of the Medes, was
married to
Nebuchadnezzar to
create an alliance
between the two
nations.
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10. The land she came from,
though, was green, rugged
and mountainous, and she
found the flat, sun-baked
terrain of Mesopotamia
depressing. The king
decided to relieve her
depression by recreating
her homeland through the
building of an artificial
mountain with rooftop
gardens.
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11. The Hanging Gardens
probably did not really
"hang" in the sense of
being suspended from
cables or ropes. The
name comes from an
inexact translation of
the Greek
word kremastos, or the
Latin word pensilis,
which means not just
"hanging", but
"overhanging" as in the
case of a terrace or
balcony.
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12. The Greek geographer
Strabo, who described the
gardens in first century BC,
wrote, "It consists of vaulted
terraces raised one above
another, and resting upon
cube-shaped pillars. These are
hollow and filled with earth to
allow trees of the largest size
to be planted. The pillars, the
vaults, and terraces are
constructed of baked brick
and asphalt."
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13. "The ascent to the
highest story is by stairs,
and at their side are
water engines, by means
of which persons,
appointed expressly for
the purpose, are
continually employed in
raising water from the
Euphrates into the
garden."
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14. A chain pump is two large wheels, one
above the other, connected by a chain.
On the chain are hung buckets. Below the
bottom wheel is a pool with the water
source.
As the wheel is turned, the buckets dip
into the pool and pick up water.
The chain then lifts them to the upper
wheel, where the buckets are tipped and
dumped into an upper pool.
The chain then carries the empty ones
back down to be refilled.
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15. Construction of the gardens was not only
complicated by the need to get water to
the top of the gardens, but also by the
fact that the water would destroy the
foundation if it were allowed to reach the
bricks. Since stone was hard to find on the
Mesopotamian Plain, most of the
architecture in Babylon was made out of
brick. The bricks were composed of clay
mixed with chopped straw, which were
then baked in the sun. The bricks were
joined with bitumen, a slimy substance
that acts like glue between the bricks.
These bricks quickly dissolved when
soaked with water.
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17. we can only
wonder if Queen
Amyitis was happy
with her fantastic
present, or if she
continued to pine
for the green
mountains of her
distant homeland.
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18. I really like the
hanging garden. It’s
so beautiful story,
even more amazing
than taj mahal to
me. Cause the king
build this miracle
when she is alive
and she probably
love it.
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19. The End
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20.  http://hanginggardensofbabylon.org/
 http://www.unmuseum.org/hangg.htm
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanging_Gardens_of_B
abylon
 http://adventure.howstuffworks.com/seven-wonder-
ancient-world2.htm
 www.youtube.com
 PDF files From internet
 PowerPoint Slides from internet
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