1. Analysis of the Performance
of Telescope Snail Shell (𝑇𝑒𝑙𝑒
𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑖𝑢𝑚 𝑡𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑖𝑢𝑚) as
Partial Replacement for
Ordinary Portland Cement
(OPC) in the Construction of
Solid Concrete Blocks
2. B A C K G R O U N D
Telescopium Telescopium or commonly known as the Telescope Horn
Snail (THS) is a type of gastropod in the Potamididae family. They are
thick and solid, tapering, high-conical, with many flattened or slightly
convex spire whorls. They can easily be found in brackish waters,
mudflats of estuaries, or mangrove swamps. They would often feast on
small organisms like algae or detritus (Poutiers 1998).
3. B A C K G R O U N D
Cement is an adhesive substance that binds materials used in
construction to create concrete.These are usually in the form of a powder
that hardens when mixed with water.
4. B A C K G R O U N D
Supplies and demands would affect the suppliers as well as their
economic capacity to sustain its steady production. In an online article
based in Mongolia, “High consumption: Huge demand for cement as large
projects get underway”
5. B A C K G R O U N D
Since limestone is part of the process of creating cement, residents who
live nearlimestone quarries would be affected.The report of the Agata
Limestone Project (2020) showed issues or concerns within the
community from air and noise pollution to water resources.
6. B A C K G R O U N D
Lime as one of the constituents of concrete has high water retention in
cementitious materials that also provides faster curing. This is because of
its Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) content which has a low water absorption
rate (Maisarah Ali, et al, 2015).
10. To analyze the performance of THSS as a
partial replacement for Ordinary Portland
Cement (OPC) in the production of solid
concrete.
Determine the amount of THSS needed to
produce a solid block and to find an
economical solution for high-cost
construction material
12. The results would benefit the Fisheries Sector,
Production Division, the Local Government Unit,
and Future Researchers.The Fisheries Sector
will be able to gain more benefits economically
through their knowledge with the use of the
Telescope Horn Snail as well
as provide solutions to the recurring pest
problem it yields in fishing pond
14. The scope of this study will show the
performance of the Compression, Split Tensile,
and Flexural Strength Test of Telescope Horn
Snail Shell (𝑇𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑖𝑢𝑚 𝑡𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑖𝑢𝑚) when used
as a partial replacement for Ordinary Portland
Cement in the construction of Solid Concrete
Blocks.
16. The researchers of the study will solely focus on
the Compression, Split Tensile, and
Flexural Strength Test to prove that this study of
partially replacing cement with Telescope Horn
Snail Shell in the construction of Solid concrete
blocks will give better and stronger trait than
that of the regular concrete block.
18. Telescopic Horn Snail is classified as part of the Potamididae
family. It described its features to be thick and solid, tapering,
high-conical, with many flattened or slightly convex spire whorls.
The seashell concrete yielded less compressive strength and
modulus elasticity compared to the OPC concrete. It is noted that
the tensile strength and flexural strength were higher than those
of the OPC concrete, which is advantageous to increase concrete
tension properties.
The replacement of seashell in cement mortar will reduce the
construction cost, improve the engineering properties of mortar
and can be applied in various mortar applications.
19. A study was conducted with the shell
composition of 35 species of mollusks, this
includes the Telescopium telescopium. These
specimens were mainly taken from the
Saurashtra Coast in India.
The Telescopium telescopium specimen had 91.95% of
Calcium Carbonate while having 83.1% of the shell’s
physical composition.
20. Seashell consists of high amount of calcium carbonate that
provides remarkable mechanical properties and suitable to be
used as building material.
Replacement of appropriate cockle shell content able to produce
workable concrete with satisfactory strength.
The concrete containing ground seashell yielded relatively better
tension properties, but lower compressive strength and modulus
of elasticity than the control concrete
22. The telescope horn snail shell,
locally known as Bagungon,
that was used for this study
was obtained from Negros
Occidental. The first step to
transform the shells into
powder was to crush them
manually using a hammer and
blender.
The crushed stone and sand
that was used was obtained
from GC and C crusher in
Prk.Mainuswagon,Brgy.
Atipuluan, Bago City Negros
Occidental. The sand and
crushed stone obtained was
already in form. Needed no
further processing since it
was already clean based on
visual inspection
Ordinary Portland
cement and tap
water were used as
binder
23. INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
Concrete with 5% of THS
Concrete with 10% of THS
Concrete with 15% THS
Plain concrete
Compressive test
Split tensile strength test
Flexural strength test
Which concrete with higher
compressive
Which concrete with higher split tensile
Which concrete with higher flexural
26. I. First is to make the molder of cylinder to put on the concrete
once it is done. With the use of illustration board and glue,
measure that the box has the diamater of 150 in millimeter
respectively with a height of 300 millimeter.
II. Make sure to have 4 molder of cylinder in order to put the
plain concrete, concrete with 5% THSS, concrete with 10%
THSS, and concrete with 15%THHS.
III. Mixing the materials
A. Placing the soil and crushed stone on a flat surface.
B. Pouring cement around it and put on some water.
C. Mixing the materials using a shovel.
PROCEDURE
28. This study took place at Machine shop of the Technological
University of the Philippines- Visayas(TUPV) in second semester
of 2021-2022 school year.
30. Research Budget
Materials
Quantity
Unit Description of materials Unit
Price(pesos)
Amount
(pesos)
20 kg OPC 10 200
50 kg Crushed stone 1.5 75
75 kg Sand 1.5 112.5
3 kg THSS 30 30
20 role Illustration board 20 400
Total amount 817.5
Total Budget
Budget items Amount(pesos)
Materials 817.5
Travel expenses 2000
Laboratory test 10000
TOTAL 12,817.5
Editor's Notes
THS is locally known as bagungon and serves as a delicacy to some Filipinos. They can be found in Mangrove areas and are usually treated as a pest in fishponds. According to De la Cruz (2003), bagungons are the ones responsible for the slow growth of organic food and hold a competitive ground for the supply of food. Even though it is consumable, bagungon was not proposed as food for humans, but rather for animals such as mud crabs.
Since the cement is one of the key constituents, it is now commonly used in the industrial world in constructing different infrastructures. However, multiple studies show that cement may pose problems globally.
cement prices have been rising according to the World Bank. Along with this, its growth of demand and scarcity caused the country to increase its cost due to its financial crisis. Philippines, due to the Build, Build, Build program, has recorded an increase of 5.2% to concrete product demands, thus allowing Mining Companies to increase their production.
The Telescope Horn Snail Shell
(THSS) is also a source of lime with a similar chemical composition. Poutiers (1998) stated in
his study that the THSS would often be used as lime. This is due to the mollusks capability to
obtain lime from the saltwater filtered by seaweed, resulting to them having thick and large
shells (Tryon, 1882). In terms of chemical composition, it also contains CaCo3 which would have
a similar function to a lime for concrete. Selectively, larger, and thicker shells should then be
utilized for testing purposes.
By crushing, pulverizing, and mixing this with the usual components of Solid Concrete
blocks, it should yield results that would improve the block and as well as give concise effective
study. The Telescope Horn Snail Shell contains Calcium Carbonate that when mixed with cement
makes the setting time of cement shorten and makes the compressive strengths of cement paste
increase at 1 day and 7 days but decreases at 28 days
