Gwadar is located on the southwestern coast of Balochistan province in Pakistan near the Strait of Hormuz. It was selected in the 1960s as a potential deep-water port site. Phase I of development, funded by China, includes 3 berths and infrastructure and will be completed by 2005 at a cost of $248 million. Phase II will add 9 berths on a BOT basis for $600 million. The port aims to boost trade with Central Asia and provide an alternative to Karachi.

1. GAWADAR
Gawadar

2. Author
Qudrat Ullah Yaqubi
Student BS.Political Science
Islamia College University of Peshawar
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Pakistan
qudratullah414@gmail.com

3. Location

4. Location
 Located at the entrance of the Persian Gulf and about
460 kms from Karachi .
 Gawadar is located on the western end of
coast of Balochistan and have 600 K m long
coastline along the Mekran coast of the
Arabian Sea;

5. History
 Development of a deep-water port along the
coast of Balochistan has been under
consideration by the Government since 1965.
 Hostile activities in 1965 and 1971, when the
only port of Karachi, which catered for the entire
trade of Pakistan, because vulnerable to
aggression and was further supplemented by
India’s missile attack on Kemari oil installation
area

6. History
 In 1965, the government of Pakistan
constituted a five members committee headed
by Rear admiral (Retd) Akbar H. Khan.
 The committee identified eight possible sites
that were Gadani, Somiani, Ormara,
KhorKalmat, Pasni, Hingol,
Gawadar, and Jiwani.

7. History
 Ports Master Plan studies considered an alternate to the
Persian Gulf Ports to capture the transit trade of the
Central Asian Republic (CARs)
 The ADB studies, however considered Gwadar to have the
most advantageous location for such an alternative port in
the region, which could handle mother ships and large oil
tankers in due course

8. History
 Technical and financial feasibilities therefore were under
taken resulting in decisions for the development of
Gwadar Port by the Govt. of Pakistan
 The Project started on 22 March 2002, is on fast track
and will Inshaullah complete in schedule time i.e. March
2005.

9. Benefits
Besides the Geostrategic importance mentioned earlier, some
of the evident economic benefits of the development of
Gwadar Port are
 Capitalize on opportunities for trade with landlocked
Central Asian States and Afghanistan
 Promote trade and transport with Gulf States.
 Trans-shipment essentially of containerized cargo.
 Unlock the development potential of hinterland.

10. Benefits
 Diversion of influx of human resources from up country to
Gwadar instead of Karachi.
 Economic uplift of the province of Balochistan.
 Establishment of shipping related industries.
 Oil storage, refinery and petrochemicals
 Export Processing and Industrial Zones
 Reduce congestion & dependency on existing Ports
Complex at Karachi/PQA.

11. Benefits
 Will become a Regional Hub for major trade and
commercial activities.
 Serve as an alternate port to handle Pakistani trade in
case of blockade of existing ports.
 To help the PN.

12. Scope of Work
 The development of Gwadar Deep Sea Port as per
approved PC-I and Master Plan is to be undertaken in
two phases

13. Phase-I will comprise of
 3 Multipurpose Berths
 Length of Berths 602m
 4.5 Km long Approach Channel Dredged to 11.5m-12.5m
 Turning Basin 450m dia
 One 100m Service Berth

14. Phase - I
 Related port infrastructure and port handling equipment &
Pilot Boat, Tugs, Survey Vessel etc
 The port will be equipped with the essential port handling
equipment and other infrastructure required for smooth
operations of a modern port..
 On completion of Phase-I, the Port will handle Bulk
Carriers of up to 30,000 DWT and Container Vessels of
25,000 DWT. Phase-I will be completed at a cost of
Rs.14.9 Billion (US$. 248/- Million) and will complete in 36
months i.e. March 2005

15. Phase – II
 This Phase of the Project is planned to be built on
BOO/BOT basis at an estimated cost US$. 600 Million. It
will comprise of 9 additional berths as per following details
 4 Container Berths
 1 Bulk Cargo Terminal (to handle 100,000 DWT ships).
 1 Grain Terminal
 1 Ro-Ro Terminal
 2 Oil Terminals to handle 200,000 DWT ships

16. Phase- II
 Phase II of the project involves construction of more berths
on BOT basis including two container berths, one bulk
cargo terminal, one grain terminal with capacity handling
vessels up to 100,000 DWT, one roll on/ roll off terminal,
two oil piers for vessels up to 200,000 DWT and future
expansion of two container berths. On completion of the
project, Gwadar Deep-sea port would be on of the worlds
most strategically located port in this part of the world

17. Phase- II
 Phase II of the project involves construction of more berths
on BOT basis including two container berths, one bulk
cargo terminal, one grain terminal with capacity handling
vessels up to 100,000 DWT, one roll on/ roll off terminal,
two oil piers for vessels up to 200,000 DWT and future
expansion of two container berths. On completion of the
project, Gwadar Deep-sea port would be on of the worlds
most strategically located port in this part of the world

18. Cost of The Project
 Total amount equivalent to Rs 14.9 Billion (248 million
US dollars) were approved by ECNEC for Phase-I of the
project.
 The financial agreement for development of Phase-I was
signed with the Govt. of China on 10 August 2001 under
which the Chinese will provide US$. 198 Million and the
Govt. of Pakistan will provide US$. 50 Million

19. Chinese
 Grant US$ 18 Million.
 New Grant Assistance US$ 31 Million
 New Interest Free Loan US$ 31 Million
 Govt. Loan US$ 58 Million
 Buyer’s Credit US$ 60 Million
 Total US $ 198.00 Million

20. Pakistani
 Rs. 3000 Million (US 50.00 Million) in Local Currency

21. Additional Development Cost:
 Additional development costs were also envisaged for
Electrical Supply 132 KV Transmission Line from Turbat
to Gwadar at an approx cost Rs.360.00 million and a
Railway line from Gwadar-Panjgoor-Dalbandin (515 Km)
at approx cost of Rs.8, 500 million. This is however not a
part of the sanction to the Gwadar Port Development
Authority

22. Human Resource
 The Chinese have mobilized 450 personal from China
and hired 512 local workmen as per following detail
 Chinese: 450
 Pakistani: 512

23. Land Resource
 Gwadar Master Plan envisages development of about
18,600 hectares of land for this project including the
followings
 Port development in Phase 1 & 11 on 400 hectares
 An Export Processing Zone of 74 hectares located on
land adjacent to the port in East Bay
 A Special Industrial Zone of about 4,000 hectares lying
to the north of the town
 An oil refinery of 1,000 hectares located to the north
east of the town, linked to the proposed oil terminal by
an underground pipeline across East Bay

24. Potential Projects at GWADAR Port
 Fish Processing.
 Shrimp farming, Shrimp /Lobsters
 Crabs processing
 Training services in Fisheries and Aquaculture
 Cold storages, Ice factories
 Port Management projects.
 Seawater Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plants for
profitable purpose

25. Potential Projects at GWADAR Port
 Hotels Restaurants & Resorts
 Business Development
 Date Processing
 Service Provider
 Canned food, Gravel Crush plant
 Oil Palm cultivation (Govt. of Balochistan can provide
land on easy terms)
 Water sports center and recreation facilities.

26. Potential Projects at GWADAR Port
 Marine & Automobile repair workshop
 Cluster for Internet service providers
 Renewable Energy; wing, solar- IPP
 Warehouses
 Clearing & Forwarding agency
 Boat building & naval architecture institute
 Hospitals & Clinics
 Oil Storage tankers
 Re-rolling Mills
 Ferry Service for Karachi- Ormara-Pasni- Gwadar and up to
Oman and Dubai