Gwadar Port, located in Pakistan's Balochistan, is a strategically significant deep-sea port that is being developed through the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), which aims to boost economic cooperation and connectivity between China and Pakistan. The CPEC includes a range of infrastructure projects valued at around $46 billion, designed to enhance energy supplies, transportation, and trade routes across the region, potentially transforming the economic landscape of South Asia. While the initiative promises substantial benefits for Pakistan, concerns about market dependency on China and impacts on local industries persist.

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2.  Port city on the southwestern coast of
Pakistan’s Baluchistan province.
 Pakistan purchased it from Oman.
 Gwadar port is a strategic warm-water deep-
sea port.
 Officially opened 20 March 2007.

3.  The karakoram highway was started in 1959
and was completed in 1979(open to the
public since1986).
 It connects china’s xinjiang region with
Pakistan’s Gilgit-Baltistan and Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa regions.
 China Pakistan economic Cooridor is a
collection of projects.

4.  Link the Pakistani city of Gwadar port in a
southwestern to china’s northwestern
autonomous region of xinjiang.

5.  Pakistan china relation began in 1950
 Strategic alliance was formed in1972 and
economic co-operation began in 1979
 China has invested $20 billion in various
projects.

6.  Gwadar is one of the least developed districts in
Baluchistan province. It sits strategically near
the Persian Gulf and close to the Strait of
Hormuz, through which 40 per cent of the
world’s oil passes. Work on Gwadar deep-seaport
had started in 2002 with China’s investment. In
2013, management of the seaport which was in
the sloppy hands of Singapore PSA International
was handed over to China’s Port Holdings. It is
planned to develop Gwadar into free trade zone
with a modern airport on the model of Singapore
or Hong Kong and a gateway to CPEC. It will be
largest, deep seaport, overshadowing Chahbahar
and Dubai seaports.

7.  Establishment of CPEC was first proposed by
chinese premier Li-Keqiang during his first
visit to Pakistan. The proposed project of
linkage kashgar in North-west china with
gwadar port in Arabian sea coastline in
Balushistan was approved on 5july 2013
during the first visit of P.M Nawaz Sharif to
beijing which includes construction of 200Km
long tunnel.

8.  In December 2013, China committed $6.5 billion
for the construction of a major nuclear power
project in Karachi.
 In May 2014, another agreement was signed to
supplement Orange Line metro train project in
Lahore worth $1.27 billion.
 In November 2014, the two countries signed 19
agreements related to CPEC. In addition,
Chinese firms started work on six mega power
projects in Gilgit-Baltistan such as Dassu,
Phandar, Bashu, Harpo, Yalbo to tackle Pakistan’s
energy crisis.

9.  Mindful of the under development of its western
provinces which are its soft belly and ongoing
Uighur movement, China wants speedy
modernisation of Xingjiang and other under
developed provinces to bring them at par with
eastern provinces. For the accomplishment of
these dreams, China needs access to warm
waters in Arabian Sea through Gwadar since this
route to world markets is the shortest and the
cheapest. This access was never granted to
Russia.

10.  With this objective in view, President Xi
Jinping visited Islamabad on April 20-21,
2015 and raised the level of investment from
$ 26 billion to $ 46 Billion. He signed 51
agreements/MoUs worth $28 billion, with $17
billion in pipeline spread over 15 years. His
visit achieved the milestone of the
groundbreaking of historic 3,000 km-long
strategic CPEC.
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11.  It includes $ 33 billion worth energy projects
such as coal, solar, hydroelectric power projects
which will inject 10,400 MW electricity in the
national grid by 2017/18, and hydro power
projects. Other projects are fibre optic cable
from Xingjiang to Rawalpindi, 1240 km long
Karachi-Lahore motorway, metro and bus service
in six major cities, up gradation of 1300 km long
Karakorum Highway, oil/gas pipelines to connect
Kashgar to the seaport of Gwadar, 1,800-km
railway line, commercial sea-lanes, special
economic zones, dry ports and other
infrastructure.

12.  Three routes have been marked:-
 I- Western route originating from Gwadar will
pass through Turbat, Panjgur, Naag, Basima,
Sohrab, Kalat, Quetta, Qila Saifullah, Zhob DIK,
Mianwali, Hasanabdal, Isbd.
 II- Central route will originate from Gwadar,
Quetta, and reach DIK via Basima, Khuzdar,
Sukkar, Rajanpur, Liya, Muzaffargarh, Bhakkar,
DIK.
 III-Eastern route will include Gwadar, Basima,
Khuzdar, Sukkar, RYK, Bwp, Multan, Lahore/Fsbd,
Isbd, Mansehra.

13.  Some analysts perceive Gwadar seaport
turning into China’s naval base in the Indian
Ocean, enabling Beijing to monitor Indian
and American naval activities and thus
frustrating their ambition to convert the
ocean into exclusive Indian lake.
Modernization of Pak Navy by China is seen
as a step in that direction.

14.  Analysts say the projects conceived under
CPEC will ease Pakistan’s energy shortages
and make a substantial difference in the long
term.
 Some experts opine this initiative can bring
greater cohesion in South Asia, one of the
world’s least economically integrated
regions. It is also feared that clashing geo-
economic interests may lead to unhealthy
competition.

15.  Chinese industries are facing problems to
compete in global market due to high
transportation cost and delivery time.
 China is using a longest way due to which
transportation cost and time increases,
which gives a competitive edge to
competitors e.g. Japan, USA

16.  It would decrease the travel distance and
cost greatly from China to Gulf.
 Even if China uses CPEC for 50% of its Oil
supplies then it will save $6 Million every
day, almost $2 billion every year.
 Independent path from India and USA’s
interference.
 New business market in another country.

17.  Strategic and economic trade routes.
 Development of Infrastructure.
 Connect all the Province.
 Development of Fata, KPK and Baluchistan.
 Job opportunities
 CPEC from all counts will prove a game
changer

18.  Investments by China will boost Pakistan’s
$274 billion GDP by over 15 %
 Given the solid foundations of friendship

19.  FTA leads to threat for local markets and
local manufacturers
 Disturb of local industries
 Difficult to compete chine’s product in
market
 Dependent to China

20.  The CPEC connected to Gwadar has the
potential to radically alter the regional
dynamics of trade, development and politics.
CPEC is a game changer for the entire region.
It will uplift the lives of about 3 billion
people across China, Central Asia, South Asia
and the Middle East.
 The time and tide is not in favor of the
detractors. They will die their death in the
hurricane of CPEC since China is determined
to make Pakistan a success story. $46 billion
economic package is Chinese gift for people
of Pakistan.

21.  Positive response by both countries through
mutual cooperation
 Both countries are keen to enhance trade
activities
 Infrastructural improvement and
Development of Dams
 Stability of economy by investment in
different sectors

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