The document discusses the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and the Gwadar Port project. It notes that CPEC involves $46 billion in Chinese investment in Pakistani infrastructure to link the two countries. The port of Gwadar, located on the Arabian Sea, is a central part of CPEC. It will cut shipping time and costs for Chinese trade while boosting the Pakistani economy through trade and job creation. However, the project faces threats from Indian opposition and security challenges that will need to be addressed.

1. In the name of Allah,
Most Gracious, Most
Merciful

2. Presented By
Rafaqat Hussain
Lecturer in English
GDC Ghazi

4. CONTENTS
 Introduction
 History
 Location
 Construction of Port
 Strategic & Economic Importance
 Importance for China
 Benefits for Pakistan
 Threats and Challenges
Conclusion

5. INTRODUCTION
Pakistan and China are the Fast Friends for the decades and now they are
opening a new chapter in their friendship. China is making an investment
of 46 billion $ in Pakistan in different projects the most important is CPEC
(China Pakistan economic corridor)
What is China Pakistan economic corridor (CPEC)
In this project china will bring and make an investment of 46 billion $ in
Pakistan mainly at the infrastructure of Pakistan which will link Pakistan
and the republic of China.

6. INTRODUCTION
In changing dynamics of global architecture, sea politics is getting
complex with more focus on commercial activities and economic prosperity.
 Gawadar is a major destination of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor
 Gawadar port is the warm water and deep sea port of Pakistan.
 It is situated at the shores of Arabian Sea in Balochistan province.

7.  Gawadar port will cut down the port congestion in Arabian sea and in strait of Hormuz
Once its construction is completed, Gawadar port will rank among the world’s
largest deep-sea port
 This port is expected to generate billions of dollars in revenue
It is a living symbol of Pak-China friendship

8. Projects under construction in CPEC

10. HISTORY
Gawadar and its surrounding regions were overseas possessions of the
Sultanate of Muscat and Oman
From 1863 to 1879 Gawadar was the headquarter of a British Assistant
Political Agent
Pakistan purchased the territory in September, 1958 for 5.5 billion Rupees
(equivalent to US$1.1 billion)
The territory was later integrated into Balochistan province on July ,1977,
as Gawadar District
Gawadar was a small to medium-sized settlement with an economy largely
based on artisanal fishing

11. LOCATION
Gawadar is located on a narrow and sandy strip of land
 It is situated on the southwestern Arabian Sea coast of Pakistan
Gawadar city is situated on a narrow and sandy 12 kilometer long strip of
land
It lies 624 km to the east of Strait of Hormuz.
 Strait of Hormuz is an important route of Oil tankers bound for Japan
and western countries
 Gawadar is Approximately 700 Km to the West of Karachi.
 Gawadar port is near Pak-Iran Border and is located to the east of
Persian Gulf and opposite of Oman

12. CONSTRUCTION OF GAWADAR PORT
 in 1954, United States Geological Survey identified Gawadar as a suitable site
for a deep-water port.
In 1993, the Government of Pakistan commenced a feasibility study for the
construction of a deep-sea port
On 22 March 2002, the Government of Pakistan began construction of
Gawadar Port.
Construction work of Gawadar port was handed over to Port Authority of
Singapore (PAS).
The first phase of which was completed in 2005
Second phase was completed in March 2007.
Port Authority of Singapore failed in time construction of Gawadar Port.
In 2013 it was handed over to China

13. Strategic and Economic Significance

14. Strategic and Economic Significance of Gawadar
Gawadar is the third important deep sea port of Pakistan after Karachi and
Qasim ports.
It is located at cross junction of international sea shipping and oil trade
routes.
Gawadar port would connect three regions, i.e. Central Asia, South Asia and
Middle East.
It would open new job opportunities and help in the development of
Baluchistan and FATA
Pakistan would be able to explore minerals, hydrocarbons, oil and gas
resources of Central Asian Republics.
The port will attract foreign investment and tourism.
It would provide foreign reserves and free trade zones and special economic
zones

15. Gawadar will be able to control the oil sea routes and trade links among regions
such as South Asia, Africa, Central Asia, Gulf and Middle East.
It would help to increase Pakistan’s trade and commercial activities particularly
in Baluchistan province, so provincial grievances will be addressed.
It will provide strategic advantage to Pakistan over India.
Gawadar will boost up co-operation of Pakistan with other countries in oil and
energy sector.
Tourism, trade, hotel industry and state revenue will increase
Through Pakistan-China Economic Corridor (CPEC), China would benefit from
the nearest Gawadar port.
The port would provide China an access to Afghanistan and Central Asian
Republics (CARs)
 It is expected that nearly 20 countries of Middle East, Central Asia, South Asia
and China will benefit from this mega project

16. The Strait of Malacca can be blocked by India but Gawadar would provide
an alternate sea route.
Gawadar can act as an alternative route to Indian Ocean or South China
Sea routes.
Gawadar has the potential to serve as a regional hub and it would also
provide better trade routes to the landlocked Caspian region.
 The port will provide facilities of Warehousing, transhipment, coastal
trade, provision of commercial and industrial facilities for international
export-import trade

17. Chinese industry is facing problems to compete in global market due to high
transportation cost and delivery time
It takes for a 10,000 Km long route to reach China using Arabian Sea
 China is using the longest route which is very expensive
CPEC route from Gawadar to China is just 3500 km
 Gawadar will provide China with a powerful strategic foothold in Arabian Sea
 The presence of China in Arabian Sea is perceived a threat both by USA and
India to their regional interests

18. China Pakistan Economic Corridor is a collection of projects
 CPEC includes connectivity of all the province by roads, motorways, construction
of Gawadar International Airport, Electricity projects, development of economic
zones and up-gradation of Karakoram Highway etc.

19. BENEFITS FOR PAKISTAN
Pakistan can fulfill her energy needs which are beyond her indigenous
production, additionally she can also increase number of benefits such as:
 Enhance trade with Central Asian Republics / Middle East.
 The relations with neighboring and regional countries can be improved and
trade can be enhanced.
 Pakistan can earn lot of foreign exchange through transit fee and improve her
foreign exchange reserves.
 The transit fee can be utilized for development purpose. There will be a gradual
growth and improvement in most of the backward areas and towns
 The living conditions and literacy rate of these areas can also be
improved.
 Lot of new jobs would come up due to new projects which would lower the
overall rate of unemployment.
 Tourism and hotel industries can be boosted as no of foreigners would be
visiting Pakistan for the construction of these projects.
 It would improve the overall economy of the country.

20. THREATS & CHALLENGES
The port for the time being is facing many challenges such as lack of
connectivity, under developed infrastructure and associated facilities.
There are security concerns which need to be addressed.
 India is using all tactics to counter the development of Gawadar port.
India is heavily investing in Iranian port Chahbahar, with the investment of US
$85 million.
India wants to reduce Chinese influence in the region
India is attempting to reduce economic importance of Gawadar.
It has already raised serious security concerns on the construction of CPEC.

21. CONCLUSION
Pakistan must look for a safe heaven for the expected rainy days in the
future. Pakistan needs energy only, china can fulfill our future energy
requirements. Experts are of the opinion that close bilateral Pak-China ties
will create geo-political and geo-strategic equilibrium in the region in the
days to come.
Gawadar enjoys the status of a third Deep Sea Port of Pakistan which has a
special significance with reference to trade links with Central Asian
Countries, Persian Gulf, East Africa, United Arab Emirates and North
Western India.
As soon as Gawadar port's construction is completed and regular
operations are initiated, Pakistan will emerge on the world map as a major
economy in the region.

22. Pak-China friendship Zindabad
Long live Pakistan

23. Thanks