The grinding process is a conventional machining operation that provides a smooth surface finish by using abrasive particles as cutting tools. There are two main types of grinding: plunge grinding, where the abrasive acts on the wheel's periphery, and surface grinding, where it acts on the wheel's face. Grinding requires the highest specific cutting energy among conventional machining methods and involves specific grinding and machining ratios to measure efficiency.

1. Grinding Process, Types of
Grinding Process

2. ● Grinding is the conventional finish machining operation used for producing a
good surface finish on the components.
● The abrasive particles present on the surface of a grinding wheel will be acting as
a single point cutting tools for removing the material from the workpiece.
● The cubical or rectangular shape of the abrasive particles used in the grinding
wheel will produce an approximate cross-section of the chip as triangular.

3. ● These rubbing forces will pull out the blunt abrasive particles so that the fresh
and new abrasive particles present behind will come in contact with the
workpiece and started removing the material from the workpiece called as self-
sharpening of the grinding wheel.
● Out of all the conventional machining methods, the grinding is the one which
requires the highest specific cutting energy.

4. 2. Machining Ratio = (Volume of material removed on the workpiece/Volume of
Tool Wear)
● The machining ratio for the earlier machining operations is very high. hence, this
value is neglected but, machining ratio in grinding operation is called a grinding
ratio.

5. 3. Grinding Ratio = (Volume of material removed on the workpiece/Volume of
Grinding wheel Wear)

6. Types of Grinding Process
1.Plunge Grinding
2.Surface Grinding

7. 1.Plunge Grinding:
● If the abrasive particles present on the periphery or circumference of a grinding
wheel and if it is used for removing the material from the workpiece called as
plunge grinding.

8. 2.Surface Grinding:
● If the particles present on the face of a grinding wheel and if it is used for
performing the machining operation then it is called a surface grinding
operation.
● Time/cut = L/fN
● = L/fm
● Where,
● fm– Table feed in mm/min

9. ● f- Table feed in mm/rev
● Out of all the conventional machining methods, the grinding operation is used
at very high cutting velocity and broaching is done at the lowest cutting velocity.
● V is equal to 18000 to 3000 metre per minute.
For Grinding Operation:
● V= 18000 to 30000 m/min
For Broaching Operation:
● V = 0.1 to 0.5 m/min

10. For specification of Grinding Wheel, Click here