This document discusses different types of grinding machines. It begins with defining grinding as a material removal process that provides better surface finish than other machining processes. It then describes four main types of grinding machines: surface grinding machines, cylindrical grinding machines, internal grinding machines, and tool and cutter grinding machines. For each type, it provides details on their uses and examples of common machine variations.

1. SAL Institute of Engineering & Technology
Research
Ahmadabad
Kishan B. Suthar
Mechanical Department
Division : D
Roll no. : T13ME306
Enrollment no. : 130670119537

2. Manufacturing
Process : 1
TOPIC : GRINDING MACHINES

3. -: CONTENTS :-
 Concept of Grinding
 Introduction
 Types of Grinding Machine
Surface grinding machine
Cylindrical grinding machine
Internal grinding machine
Tool and cutter grinding machine
Other examples

4. CONCEPT
 What is Grinding?
Grinding is a material removal and surface
generation process used to shape and finish
components made of metals and other materials. The
precision and surface finish obtained through grinding
can be up to ten times better than with either turning
or milling.
When the moving abrasive particles contact the
workpiece, they act as tiny cutting tools, each particle
cutting a tiny chip from the workpiece.

5. CONCEPT
This is used to finish the workpiece which must show high
surface quality, accuracy and dimension. Mostly grinding is the
finishing operation because it removes comparatively little
material 0.25 to 0.50 mm in most operations.

6. INTRODUCTION
Grinding Machines are also regarded as
machine tools. A distinguishing feature of grinding
machines is the rotating abrasive tool. Grinding
machine is employed to obtain high accuracy
along with very high class of surface finish on the
workpiece.
However, advent of new generation of grinding
wheels and grinding machines, characterized by
their rigidity, power and speed enables one to go
for high efficiency deep grinding (often called as
abrasive milling) of not only hardened material but
also ductile materials.

7. INTRODUCTION
 Conventional grinding machines can be
broadly classified as:
 Surface grinding machine
 Cylindrical grinding machine
 Internal grinding machine
 Tool and cutter grinding machine

8. SURFACE GRINDING MACHINE
 This machine may be similar to a milling machine used mainly
to grind flat surface. However, some types of surface grinders
are also capable of producing contour surface with formed
grinding wheel.
 four different types of surface grinding machines characterized
by
the movement of their tables and the orientation of grinding
wheel spindles as follows:
• Horizontal spindle and reciprocating table (1)
• Vertical spindle and reciprocating table (2)
• Horizontal spindle and rotary table (3)
• Vertical spindle and rotary table (4)
Figures are as showing below respectively.

9. SURFACE GRINDING MACHINE

10. CYLINDRICAL GRINDING MACHINE
 This machine is used to produce external cylindrical
surface. The surfaces may be straight, tapered,
steps or profiled.
 The workpiece is mounted on centers and rotated
by a devise known as a drive dog or center driver.
Broadly there are three different types of cylindrical
grinding machine as follows:
 1. Plain centre type cylindrical grinder
 2. Universal cylindrical surface grinder
 3. Centreless cylindrical surface grinder

11. CYLINDRICAL GRINDING MACHINE

12. INTERNAL GRINDING MACHINE
 This machine is used to produce internal cylindrical
surface. The surface may be straight, tapered,
grooved or profiled.
 Tapered holes can be ground with the use of
internal grinders that can swivel on the horizontal.
 Broadly there are three different types of internal
grinding machine as follows:
1. Chucking type internal grinder
2. Planetary internal grinder
3. Centreless internal grinder

13. INTERNAL GRINDING MACHINE

14. TOOL AND CUTTER GRINDING MACHINE
•Tool grinding may be divided into two subgroups: tool
manufacturing and tool resharpening. There are many types of
tool and cutter grinding machine to meet these requirements.
•Simple single point tools are occasionally sharpened by hand
on bench or pedestal grinder. However, tools and cutters with
complex geometry like milling cutter, drills, reamers and hobs
require sophisticated grinding machine commonly known as
universal tool and cutter grinder.
•Present trend is to use tool and cutter grinder equipped with
CNC to grind tool angles, concentricity, cutting edges and
dimensional size with high precision.

15. TOOL AND CUTTER GRINDING MACHINE

16. OTHER EXAMPLES

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