1) The document describes the green synthesis of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles using the leaf extract of Jasminum Fluminense.
2) The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).
3) UV-Visible spectroscopy showed an absorption peak at 289.9 nm confirming the formation of ZnO nanoparticles. TEM images showed the particles were hexagonal and spherical in shape with an average size of 20 nm.
Green synthesis of zinc oxide nano particles using flower extract cassia dens...IJERD Editor
Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles is an interesting issue of the nanoscience and
nanobiotechnology. There is a growing attention to biosynthesis the metal nanoparticles using organisms.
Among these organisms, plants seem to be the best and they are suitable for large scale biosynthesis of
nanoparticles. Nanoparticles produced by plants are more stable, and the rate of synthesis is faster than that in
the case of other organisms. The present investigation was carried out to green synthesis of zinc oxide
nanoparticles by using the medicinal plant cassia densistipulata taub. The flower was collected from the campus
of Anantapuramu, Andhra Pradesh and their petals were separated. The petals were taken and cleaned with
dimeneralized water and soaked for an hour on dry cloth to remove moisture from the petals.
Synthesis of Zinc Nanoparticles was done by mixing 5gms of Zinc Nitrate with 50ml of aqueous
extract of cassia densistipulata taub petals. The formation of nanoparticles was monitored by visualizing color
changes and it was confirmed by Electron microscope (SEM), UV-Vis spectrophotometer and Fourier
Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The results of various techniques confirmed the presence Zinc oxide
nanoparticles.
Green synthesis of Silver nanoparticle from plant extractEinstein kannan
It contains a green synthesis of nanoparticles like silver nanoparticles from plant extract.
Bambusa vulgaris is a plant used to synthesize silver nanoparticles.
It an overall view on two research papers. Biological synthesis of Nano particles from plants and microorganisms
and the synthesis of metallic Nano particles using plant extract
Biological method for the preparation of nanoparticles(Sheersho)Sheersha Pramanik 🇮🇳
I have described about the biological processes(other than physical,chemical) for the preparation of Nanoparticles.
do like comment share if you like it.
Green synthesis of zinc oxide nano particles using flower extract cassia dens...IJERD Editor
Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles is an interesting issue of the nanoscience and
nanobiotechnology. There is a growing attention to biosynthesis the metal nanoparticles using organisms.
Among these organisms, plants seem to be the best and they are suitable for large scale biosynthesis of
nanoparticles. Nanoparticles produced by plants are more stable, and the rate of synthesis is faster than that in
the case of other organisms. The present investigation was carried out to green synthesis of zinc oxide
nanoparticles by using the medicinal plant cassia densistipulata taub. The flower was collected from the campus
of Anantapuramu, Andhra Pradesh and their petals were separated. The petals were taken and cleaned with
dimeneralized water and soaked for an hour on dry cloth to remove moisture from the petals.
Synthesis of Zinc Nanoparticles was done by mixing 5gms of Zinc Nitrate with 50ml of aqueous
extract of cassia densistipulata taub petals. The formation of nanoparticles was monitored by visualizing color
changes and it was confirmed by Electron microscope (SEM), UV-Vis spectrophotometer and Fourier
Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The results of various techniques confirmed the presence Zinc oxide
nanoparticles.
Green synthesis of Silver nanoparticle from plant extractEinstein kannan
It contains a green synthesis of nanoparticles like silver nanoparticles from plant extract.
Bambusa vulgaris is a plant used to synthesize silver nanoparticles.
It an overall view on two research papers. Biological synthesis of Nano particles from plants and microorganisms
and the synthesis of metallic Nano particles using plant extract
Biological method for the preparation of nanoparticles(Sheersho)Sheersha Pramanik 🇮🇳
I have described about the biological processes(other than physical,chemical) for the preparation of Nanoparticles.
do like comment share if you like it.
This will enhance the knowledge about the methods of nano particle synthesis. The application of Green method is also described. Gold nano particles are also explained with its toxicity and application.
A part of nanotechnology. Nanosensors is very hot topic for research. As nanosensor has immense applications in the fields like medical, analysis, research etc. Nanosensor recude the cost and also the time require for analysis.
Green synthesis of Nanoparticles using plants utsav dalal
Slide contains basic definition of Plant mediated nanoparticles. This route is environmentally friendly and widely accepted. For better understanding you can contact me.
Green nanotechnology & its application in biomedical researchRunjhunDutta
This presentation gives detailed description of Green Nanotechnology including its principles & significance. Illustrated with examples for its application in various biomedical research fields.
Different types of methods can be used for the preparation of Magnetic Nanoparticles, their advantages and disadvantages and applications of the materials in various fields are given in the presentation
It consists of introduction about nano world and how it is different from the macroscopic world and what are the reasons. it gives information about silver nanoparticles antimicrobial property and it is various application. it consists of synthesis, characterisation of silver nanoparticles.
In attendance study focuses on the removal of ZnO nano particles by green chemical reduction method from
the bio components of leaves extract of Gigantic-Swallow-Wort. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), FT-IR Spectroscopy
characterizations was done for synthesized ZnO nanoparticles. X- ray diffraction studies showed that the particles
are hexagonal in scenery.
Plant Mediated Synthesis of ZnO and Mn Doped ZnO Nanoparticles Using Carica P...IIJSRJournal
In this work, Zinc Oxide (ZnO) and Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles were green synthesized using Carica papaya extract by the Co-precipitation method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results revealed the formation of ZnO and Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles with the wurtzite crystal structure (hexagonal). Due to the presence of dopant Manganese (Mn) the optical spectra showed a redshift in the absorbance spectrum. Structural and optical properties of the end product showed that the manganese ions (Mn2+) substituted the Zinc ions (Zn2+) without altering the Wurtzite structure of ZnO. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra confirm the presence of metal oxide present in the end product. The antibacterial efficiency of ZnO and Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles were studied using the agar well diffusion method against Gram-positive and Gram–negative bacteria. It is obvious from the results that Mn doped ZnO nanoparticles exhibit better antibacterial activity than ZnO nanoparticles.
This will enhance the knowledge about the methods of nano particle synthesis. The application of Green method is also described. Gold nano particles are also explained with its toxicity and application.
A part of nanotechnology. Nanosensors is very hot topic for research. As nanosensor has immense applications in the fields like medical, analysis, research etc. Nanosensor recude the cost and also the time require for analysis.
Green synthesis of Nanoparticles using plants utsav dalal
Slide contains basic definition of Plant mediated nanoparticles. This route is environmentally friendly and widely accepted. For better understanding you can contact me.
Green nanotechnology & its application in biomedical researchRunjhunDutta
This presentation gives detailed description of Green Nanotechnology including its principles & significance. Illustrated with examples for its application in various biomedical research fields.
Different types of methods can be used for the preparation of Magnetic Nanoparticles, their advantages and disadvantages and applications of the materials in various fields are given in the presentation
It consists of introduction about nano world and how it is different from the macroscopic world and what are the reasons. it gives information about silver nanoparticles antimicrobial property and it is various application. it consists of synthesis, characterisation of silver nanoparticles.
In attendance study focuses on the removal of ZnO nano particles by green chemical reduction method from
the bio components of leaves extract of Gigantic-Swallow-Wort. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), FT-IR Spectroscopy
characterizations was done for synthesized ZnO nanoparticles. X- ray diffraction studies showed that the particles
are hexagonal in scenery.
Plant Mediated Synthesis of ZnO and Mn Doped ZnO Nanoparticles Using Carica P...IIJSRJournal
In this work, Zinc Oxide (ZnO) and Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles were green synthesized using Carica papaya extract by the Co-precipitation method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results revealed the formation of ZnO and Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles with the wurtzite crystal structure (hexagonal). Due to the presence of dopant Manganese (Mn) the optical spectra showed a redshift in the absorbance spectrum. Structural and optical properties of the end product showed that the manganese ions (Mn2+) substituted the Zinc ions (Zn2+) without altering the Wurtzite structure of ZnO. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra confirm the presence of metal oxide present in the end product. The antibacterial efficiency of ZnO and Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles were studied using the agar well diffusion method against Gram-positive and Gram–negative bacteria. It is obvious from the results that Mn doped ZnO nanoparticles exhibit better antibacterial activity than ZnO nanoparticles.
Synthesis and characterization of ZnO nanoparticles via aqueous solution, sol...iosrjce
ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by aqueous solution method, sol-gel method and hydrothermal
method.The synthesized particles were characterized by XRD ,SEM ,EDX and UV .The X-ray diffraction studies
reveals that the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles have wurtzite structure and the particle size varies from 13 to 18
nm. Scanning Electron Microscopic investigation reveals that the surface morphology of ZnO nanoparticle is
spherical in hydrothermal process and varies to flower like arrangement in aqueous solution and sol-gel
process. The UV-Visible spectrum of the nanoparticles shows a blue shift compared to that of the bulk sample.
Biosynthesis and Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles using Onion Bul...ijtsrd
The wide application of nanoparticles stimulates the need for synthesizing them but, the conventional methods are usually hazardous and energy consuming. This leads to focus on œgreen synthesis of nanoparticles which seems to be easy efficient and ecofriendly approach. In this study, the plant mediated synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was carried out using bulb extract of Allium cepa as a reducing agent. The optimized nano zinc thus obtained was quantified and characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-Ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), EDAX and Zeta potential analyses. Further, the synthesized ZnO NPs were tested for antimicrobial activity. N. Tensingh Baliah | S. Lega Priyatharsini"Biosynthesis and Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles using Onion Bulb Extract" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-2 , February 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd8305.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/botany/8305/biosynthesis-and-characterization-of-zinc-oxide--nanoparticles-using-onion-bulb-extract/n-tensingh-baliah
Natural Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (NDSSCs) From Opuntia Prickly Pear Dye Usi...IJERA Editor
Natural dye-sensitized solar cells (NDSSCs) have gained considerable attention in the field of solar energy due to their simple fabrication, good efficiency, and low production cost. Natural dyes are environmentally and economically superior to ruthenium-based dyes because they are nontoxic and cheap. However, the conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells based on natural dyes is low. One way to improve the DSSC performance is to enhance the absorptivity of extracted natural dyes. We investigated the influence of various factors in the extraction process, such as utilization of different extraction approaches, the acidity of extraction solvent, and different compounds of solvents on the optical absorption spectra. It was found that we could considerably enhance the optical absorptivity of dye and consequently the performance of DSSC by choosing a proper mixture of ethanol, methanol and water. In this study, a photo electrode using ZnO doped TiO2 nanoparticles was prepared by sol-gel method. In this paper we investigate the optical absorption, functional group, surface morphology and elementary composition of pure TiO2, ZnO doped TiO2 nanoparticles and opuntia prickly pear dye extract by using UV-Visible, PL-Studies, FT-IR, FE-SEM and EDS analysis. Finally photocurrent-voltaic characterization of nanocrystaline natural dye solar cell using I-V studies. It was found that the levels of short-circuit current (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF) and overall conversion efficiency (η).
Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using tinosopora...IJARIIT
User authentication is an important topic in the field of information security. To enforce security of information,
passwords were introduced. Text based password is a popular authentication method used from ancient times. However text
based passwords are prone to various attacks. Strong text-based password schemes could provide with certain degree of security.
However, the fact that strong passwords are difficult to memorize often leads their users to write them down on papers or even
save them in a computer file. Human actions such as choosing bad passwords and inputting passwords in an insecure way are
regarded as the weakest link in the authentication chain. Graphical password is one of the alternative solution to alphanumeric
password as it is very simple process to remember alphanumeric password. One of the major reasons behind this method
implementation is that, according to psychological studies human mind can easily remember images than alphabets or digits.
Graphical authentication has been proposed as a possible alternative solution to text-based authentication. A new technique of
captcha and OTP is being used for the verification purpose. Three times a person is given chance to try for login if the person
fails then he is blocked till the session expires.
PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION AND REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS IN PHARMACEUTICAL WAST...Journal For Research
In recent years pharmaceutical wastes (PW) deposal of has become a major difficulty for the environment. Therefore, pharmaceutical waste removal is very necessary before its discharge from the pharma industry. The separation of drugs containing organic compounds in wastewater streams is failed by convectional and biological treatments. Thus, the reduction of harmful effects of pharmaceutical compounds is possible by heterogeneous photocatalysis process. Herein we reported the degradation of pharmaceutical concentration in pharmaceutical waste by heterogeneous photocatalyst ZnO doped with Selenium prepared by cost effective hydrothermal method. In addition the heavy metals in pharmaceutical waste were also removed by ZnO/Se nanocomposite. The average band gap of nanocomposite (~2.5 eV) increase the photocatalytic activity and degrade the organic compounds in pharmaceutical waste. The heavy metals get adsorbed on the high surface area of nanocomposite and removed completely by filtration method. The Selenium doped ZnO photocatalyst semiconductor was characterized by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDAX) and also the characteristic crystalline forms of ZnO/Se nanocomposite was confirmed by XRD. The functional groups and particle size distribution of ZnO/Se nanocomposite was characterized by FTIR and DLS respectively. The reduction of organic compounds in the pharmaceutical waste was confirmed by COD analysis and removal of heavy metals was performed by AAS analysis.
In the present work, green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles has wide interest due to its inherent features such as eco-friendly and low costs. Here we propose a cost effective and eco-friendly green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles using aloe barbadensis and copper acetate. Aloe barbadensis has antioxidant property that helps in the formation of nanoparticles. Aloe barbadensis extract was obtained by heating it in distilled water and mixed to copper acetate to form copper oxide nanoparticles. The synthesised nanoparticles were analysed using UV-Visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction studies (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).
Nanoparticles Methods for Nanoparticles Synthesis Overviewijtsrd
Nanoparticles exist in several different morphologies such as spheres, cylinders, platelets, tubes etc. The word nanoparticles are used to describe a particle with size in the range of 1nm to 100nm, at least in one of the three possible dimensions. In this size range, the physical, chemical and biological properties of the nanoparticles changes in fundamental ways from the properties of both individual atoms molecules and of the corresponding bulk materials. The enormous diversity of the nanoparticles arising from their wide chemical nature, shape and morphologies, the medium in which the particles are present, the state of dispersion of the particles and most importantly, the numerous possible surface modifications the nanoparticles can be subjected to make this an important active field of science now a days. Dr. Ilamathi Jayaraman | Dr. Vijayakumari. S "Nanoparticles: Methods for Nanoparticles Synthesis: Overview" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46478.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/46478/nanoparticles-methods-for-nanoparticles-synthesis-overview/dr-ilamathi-jayaraman
BIOSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLE USING FICUS RELI...Arvind Singh Heer
The objective of this study is to synthesize zinc oxide nanostructures
with the most practical ways by using Ficus Religiosa leaves extract
and characterize the nanostructures. ZnO nanoparticles were
synthesized using Zinc Nitrate (Zn(NO3)2) as a precursor and Ficus
Religiosa leaves extract solvent and distilled water were used as
medium. ZnO nanoparticles were characterized by using XRD, UVVisible
spectroscopy, EDX and SEM, FTIR. Result of EDX
characterization shows that the ZnO nanoparticles has good purity with
(Zinc content of- 72.48% and; Oxygen content of- 27.52%). XRD
result spectrum displays mainly oxygen and zinc peaks, which indicate
the crystallinity in nature as exhibited. SEM micrographs shows that
synthesized ZnO have a cubical structure. The obtained ZnO
nanoparticles are homogenous and consistent in size which corresponds to the XRD result
that exhibit good crystallinity.
Removal of Lead Ion Using Maize Cob as a BioadsorbentIJERA Editor
The intensification of industrial activity and environmental stress greatly contributes to the significant rise of
heavy metal pollution in water resources making threats on terrestrial and aquatic life. The toxicity of metal
pollution is slow and interminable, as these metal ions are non bio-degradable. The most appropriate solution for
controlling the biogeochemistry of metal contaminants is sorption technique, to produce high quality treated
effluents from polluted wastewater. Maize cob readily available was used as sorbent for the removal of lead ions
from aqueous media. Adsorption studies were performed by batch experiments as a function of process
parameters such as sorption 500ppm,2.5g, 400minutes, 400 rpm and 5 PH. Concentration, Dosage, time, rpm,
and pH. I have found that the optimized parameters are Freundlich model fits best with the experimental
equilibrium data among the three tested adsorption isotherm models. The kinetic data correlated well with the
Lagergren first order kinetic model for the adsorption studies of lead using maize cob. It was concluded that
adsorbent prepared from maize cob as to be a favorable adsorbent and easily available to remove the heavy
metal lead (II) is 95 % and can be used for the treatment of heavy metals in wastewater.
A Research Article on Synthesis of Metal Nano Particles by Chemical Reduction...ijtsrd
Nanotechnology is an experimental and engineering technology manipulate at the nanoscale, such as in the field of different compound fabric synthesizing, food processing agriculture processing and as well as in medicinal application. Due to their physical and chemical applications the metal nanoparticles have a great interest in research. A variety of physical, chemical and biological method that can be used for the synthesis of the metal nanoparticle. All the methods have positive advantages as well as some obstruction. In this following review we try to explain recent research on the synthesis and various application of metal nanoparticle. We summarized the different chemical reduction method and briefly explain their application. Vijay Aithekar | Dr. Sangeeta Gautam "A Research Article on Synthesis of Metal Nano Particles by Chemical Reduction Method" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26371.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/physics/nanotechnology/26371/a-research-article-on-synthesis-of-metal-nano-particles-by-chemical-reduction-method/vijay-aithekar
Catalysis of SO2 to SO3 by Ocimum Sanctum Mediated Potassium Vanadate (KV2O5)...Arvind Singh Heer
Eco friendly and cost effective methods of green mediated synthesis of nanoparticles are the present research in the limb of nanotechnology. The present work leads to the synthesis of potassium-deficient (KV2O5) nanocuboid from 0.008 moles of Ammonium Meta-Vanadate and 0.002 mole of Potassium Oxalate added to aqueous leaf extract of Ocimum Sanctum which acts as reducing as well as capping agent. The characteristics of Potassium Vanadate nanoparticles were studied by using UV-VIS spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, SEM and EDS. Ultraviolet scanning spectroscopy was used to detect the distinct absorption spectrum of KV2O5 nanoparticles. The peak value observed at 345 nm. The EDS spectrum of the KV2O5 nanoparticles confirmed the presence of elemental Potassium and Vanadium and pentavalent Vanadium was also determined by EDS in its oxide form. The size of synthesized nanocuboid lies between 50-200 nm. The catalytic activity of prepared nanoparticles was studied for the oxidation of SO2 to SO3.
Nanotechnology has become one of the most promising technologies applied in
all areas of science. Metal nanoparticles produced by nanotechnology have
received global attention due to their extensive applications in the biomedical
and physiochemical
fields. Recently, synthesizing metal nanoparticles using
microorganisms and plants has been extensively studied and has been recog-
nized as a green and efficient way for further exploiting microorganisms as
convenient nanofactories. Here, we explore and detail the potential uses of
various biological sources for nanoparticle synthesis and the application of
those nanoparticles. Furthermore, we highlight recent milestones achieved for
the biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles by controlling critical parameters,
including the choice of biological source, incubation period, pH, and
temperature.
Similar to Green Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles using Jasminum Fluminense Leaf Extract and its Spectral and Optical Characterization Studies (20)
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Green Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles using Jasminum Fluminense Leaf Extract and its Spectral and Optical Characterization Studies
1. @ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com
ISSN No: 2456
International
Research
Green Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles using
Leaf Extract and its Spectral and Optical Characterization Studies
Assistant Professor, Department of Physics,
S.D.N.B. Vaishnav College for Women,
ABSTRACT
The main objective of the present study
the green synthesis of Zinc Oxide [ZnO] nanoparticles
utilizing aqueous leaf extract of
Fluminense.` Zinc acetate [Zn(O2CCH3
sodium hydroxide [NaOH] were used as starting
materials and Jasminum Fluminense
leaf extract is used as precursor in the synthesis of
ZnO nanoparticles. The resultant nanopowder was
characterized by using Ultraviolet [UV]
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
Spectroscopy [FTIR] and Transmission Electron
Microscopic [TEM] studies. Formation of ZnO
nanoparticles has been confirmed by UV
spectroscopy and the TEM analysis spectacles tha
synthesized ZnO nanoparticles are of face centered
cubic (fcc) structure and the size is found to be around
20 nm. FTIR spectral analysis indicated the leaf
extract acts as the reducing and capping agents on the
surface of ZnO nanoparticles. This sim
green approach may provide a useful tool to hefty
extent in the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles.
synthesized nanostructures illustrate novel
applications in many fields such as cosmetics,
optoelectronics, sensors, transducers and biomedica
science because it is environmentally friendly and
does not involve any harmful substances
Keywords: Leaf extract, Nanopowder,
Fluminense and Biomedical science
1. INTRODUCTION
In recent years the growth of hazardless free metal
nanoparticles has become a great challenge. Different
metal nanoparticles can be synthesized but among
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun
ISSN No: 2456 - 6470 | www.ijtsrd.com | Volume
International Journal of Trend in Scientific
Research and Development (IJTSRD)
International Open Access Journal
Green Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles using Jasminum Fluminense
Leaf Extract and its Spectral and Optical Characterization Studies
Dr. S. Amudha
Assistant Professor, Department of Physics,
S.D.N.B. Vaishnav College for Women, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
present study is to deal with
xide [ZnO] nanoparticles
lizing aqueous leaf extract of Jasminum
3)2(H2O)2] and
used as starting
[Nithyamalli]
in the synthesis of
ZnO nanoparticles. The resultant nanopowder was
Ultraviolet [UV] – Visible
Transform Infrared
IR] and Transmission Electron
Formation of ZnO
nanoparticles has been confirmed by UV-visible
spectroscopy and the TEM analysis spectacles that the
icles are of face centered
structure and the size is found to be around
indicated the leaf
as the reducing and capping agents on the
This simplistic and
green approach may provide a useful tool to hefty
synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles. These
synthesized nanostructures illustrate novel
applications in many fields such as cosmetics,
and biomedical
science because it is environmentally friendly and
does not involve any harmful substances.
Nanopowder, Jasminum
In recent years the growth of hazardless free metal
nanoparticles has become a great challenge. Different
metal nanoparticles can be synthesized but among
them Zinc Oxide (ZnO) plays a vital role in chemical
industries due to its anti-corrosive and anti
activities. Metal nanoparticles can be prepared by
both physical and chemical methods such as UV
irradiation, microwave irradiation, chemical
reduction, photochemical method, electron irradiation
and sonoelectrochemical method [1]. But these
methods are costly, labor intensive and hazardous to
environment as well as living organisms and in order
to eliminate this we need an alternative,
environmentally friendly, cost
approach [2]. So green approach of nanoparticle
synthesis has gained great attention among scientists
and literature review divulges that leaves are
generally used for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles
because they act as both reducing and stabilizing
agent.
Generally nanoparticles are the cluster of atoms in
nanometer range. There are two types of nanoparticles
namely metal and metal oxide nanoparticle
them are very important but metal oxide nanoparticle
such as CuO, TiO2 and ZnO have semi
properties. Now-a-days ZnO nanoparticle has
great attention among researchers owing to its
different characteristics such as
conductivity and cytotoxicity [3
synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles from leaves such as
Moringa oleifera, Lemon grass, C
and Catharanthus roseus has already been reported
[4-8]. In our point of view, ZnO nanoparticles from
Jasminum Fluminense using Zinc acetate and Sodium
hydroxide as starting material
first time. Commonly, ZnO is a metal oxide
semiconductor belonging to II
Jun 2018 Page: 258
www.ijtsrd.com | Volume - 2 | Issue – 4
Scientific
(IJTSRD)
International Open Access Journal
Jasminum Fluminense
Leaf Extract and its Spectral and Optical Characterization Studies
Tamil Nadu, India
them Zinc Oxide (ZnO) plays a vital role in chemical
corrosive and anti-bacterial
activities. Metal nanoparticles can be prepared by
both physical and chemical methods such as UV
irradiation, microwave irradiation, chemical
reduction, photochemical method, electron irradiation
and sonoelectrochemical method [1]. But these
s are costly, labor intensive and hazardous to
environment as well as living organisms and in order
to eliminate this we need an alternative,
environmentally friendly, cost-effective and safest
approach [2]. So green approach of nanoparticle
gained great attention among scientists
and literature review divulges that leaves are
generally used for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles
because they act as both reducing and stabilizing
Generally nanoparticles are the cluster of atoms in
nanometer range. There are two types of nanoparticles
tal oxide nanoparticles. Both of
ut metal oxide nanoparticle
ZnO have semiconductor
days ZnO nanoparticle has gained
great attention among researchers owing to its
uch as catalysis, electrical
conductivity and cytotoxicity [3]. The biological
synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles from leaves such as
Lemon grass, Coriandrum sativum
has already been reported
ZnO nanoparticles from
using Zinc acetate and Sodium
as starting material was reported for the
ZnO is a metal oxide
semiconductor belonging to II-VI group having large
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun 2018 Page: 259
exciton binding energy of 60 meV and wide band gap
of about 3.4 eV. It has wide application in solar cells,
gas sensors, ceramics, catalysts and used as an
additive in paints, cosmetics, plastics, rubber
manufacturing, electronics, pharmaceuticals,
agriculture and aquaculture [9]. The plant Jasminum
Fluminense belonging to the Olive family called
Oleaceae and it contains about 200 species native to
tropical and warm temperate regions of Eurasia,
Australasia and Oceania. It is a climber plant
belonging to dicotyledon and angiosperm group. The
main aim of the present study is to synthesize Zinc
Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles using aqueous leaf extract
of Jasminum Fluminense and to evaluate the structure
by various characterization tools such as Ultraviolet
[UV] – Visible Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform
Infrared Spectroscopy [FTIR] and Transmission
Electron Microscopic [TEM] studies.
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.1 Materials Required
Zinc acetate [Zn (O2CCH3)2(H2O)2], Sodium
hydroxide [NaOH] pellet and glasswares were
purchased from Merck and used as received and
Jasminum Fluminense leaves were collected from
SDNB Vaishnav College Campus. The leaves and all
the glasswares were thoroughly washed with double
distilled water before use.
2.2 Preparation of Jasminum
Fluminense Leaf Extract
Fresh leaves of Jasminum Fluminense about 10 g
were collected and washed several times with tap
water and then with distilled water and cut into small
pieces. These leaves were boiled with 100 ml of
double distilled water at 60 C for about 30 minutes.
After boiling, color of the solution changes to light
brown color and it was cooled at room temperature.
This extract was filtered through Whatman Number-1
filter paper and stored in refrigerator for further
characterization studies.
2.3 Green Synthesis of ZnO
Nanoparticles
For the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles 1mM Zinc
acetate [Zn (O2CCH3)2 (H2O) 2] was dissolved in 50
ml of distilled water and kept in stirrer for 1 hr
respectively. Then 1mM of Sodium hydroxide
[NaOH] Pellets was dissolved in 20 ml of distilled
water and kept in stirrer for 1 hr respectively. Then 25
ml of Jasminum Fluminense leaf extract was added
drop wise to the above mixture and continuously
stirred at 50 C for another 1 hr until the colloidal
solution is obtained. The colour of the resultant
solution changes to light pale yellow colour which
confirms the presence of ZnO nanoparticles. The
precipitate was centrifuged at 10000 rpm at 50 °C for
20 min and powdered specimen was collected. This
yellow coloured sample was dried using a hot air oven
operating at 70 °C for 2 h and crushed using ceramic
mortar and pestle to get fine Zinc Oxide (ZnO)
nanoparticles and stored in air-tight bottles for further
characterization studies [10].
2.4 Characterization
The optical properties of synthesized ZnO
nanoparticles were investigated using UV-visible
8500 spectrophotometer in the wavelength range 250-
1000 nm. The FTIR spectra were recorded using KBr
pellet method by FTIR Spectrophotometer (Bruker,
Tensor 27) at the wave number resolution of 1 cm-1
and with a total number of scans as 32 in the range
4000-650 cm-1
on the transmittance mode. The
morphology was observed by Transmission Electron
Microscopy using Hitachi Model TEM.
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.1 UV-visible Spectroscopic Results
Fig. 1 UV-visible spectrum of biosynthesized ZnO
nanoparticles
Figure 1 shows the UV-visible absorption spectrum
obtained for the synthesized Zinc Oxide (ZnO)
nanoparticles recorded between the range 250-1000
nm. It is known that the ZnO nanoparticles have free
electrons due to which Surface Plasmon Resonance
(SPR) absorption band appear at 289.9 nm. This
absorption peak indicates the reduction of Zn2+
ions in
the reaction medium which authenticates the
formation of ZnO nanoparticles [4, 11]. No other
peaks have been observed which confirms the
200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Absorbance(A)
Wavelength(nm)
289.9nm ZnOnanoparticles
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun 2018 Page: 260
presence of ZnO nanoparticles only. From the UV-
visible graph the energy band gap is calculated using
the formula
The energy band gap value is found to be 4.28 eV
which is more than pure ZnO nanoparticles i.e., 3.4
eV.
3.2 FTIR Spectral Analysis of ZnO Nanoparticles
FTIR spectral analysis was carried out to find the
functional groups present in ZnO nanoparticles and
the FTIR spectra of ZnO nanoparticles is shown in
Figure 2. The spectrum portraying band at 2924 and
2856 cm-1
are due to C-H stretching vibration [12].
The band at 1750 cm-1
corresponds to C=O stretching
[9] whereas the peak at 1561 cm-1
is attributed to
asymmetric stretching band from –COO- groups of
acetate ions respectively [13]. The intense vibrational
band around 1401 cm-1
is assigned to symmetric
stretching of carbonyl side group [14] whereas the
band at 922 and 858 cm-1
may correspond to O-H
bending vibrations of carboxylic acid [15] and C-H
bending vibration [10]. The vibrational band observed
at 708 and 666 cm-1
corresponds to –C=C-H [16] and
M-O stretching of ZnO [17] nanoparticles. The FTIR
spectra thus demonstrates the structural changes
taking place in the ZnO nanoparticles and Jasminum
Fluminense leaf extract by the co-ordination of O-H,
C-H, C=O and –COO- bonds.
Fig. 2 FTIR spectra obtained for biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles
3.3 TEM Results
Fig. 3 TEM image of synthesized ZnO nanoparticles at different magnifications
4. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun 2018 Page: 261
The morphology and size of Zinc Oxide (ZnO)
nanoparticles examined using Transmission Electron
Microscopic (TEM) analysis as shown in Figure 3.
These images depicts that the nanoparticles are
hexagonal, rod shaped and some of them are spherical
at different magnifications. These spherical structures
indicate the presence of amorphous nature of ZnO
nanoparticles [2]. The average diameter of the ZnO
nanoparticle is found to be 20 nm which is correlated
with the earlier reports [18].
CONCLUSIONS
In this present study eco-friendly, easy synthesis, low-
cost, non-hazardous, organically effective and
innovative approach of the biosynthesized ZnO
nanoparticles using Jasminum Fluminense leaf extract
have been reported. The phytochemicals present in the
leaf extract acts as a biological stabilizing and
reducing agent for the synthesis of metal oxide
nanoparticles. The presence of ZnO nanoparticles was
confirmed using UV-visible, FTIR and TEM studies.
The absorption band observed at 289.9 nm with an
energy band gap of 4.28 eV is confirmed by UV-
visible spectroscopic studies. FTIR result confirms the
presence of functional groups in ZnO nanoparticles.
The particle size was found to be around 20 nm with
hexagonal Wurtzite structure as evidenced from TEM
results. Thus, it is exemplified that the ZnO
nanoparticles synthesized in this research work acts as
a promising candidate for future biological
applications.
REFERENCES
1) Y.Y. Loo, B.W. Chieng, M. Nishibuchi, S. Radu,
“Synthesis of silver nanoparticles by using tea leaf
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Vol. 7, (2012), 4263-4267.
2) J. Suresh, G. Pradheesh, V. Alexramani, M.
Sundrarajan, S.I. Hong, “Green synthesis and
characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticle using
insulin plant (Costus pictus D. Don) and
investigation of its antimicrobial as well as
anticancer activities”, Adv. Nat. Sci.: Nanosci.
Nanotechnol., Vol. 9, (2018), 015008.
3) L.F.A. Anand Raj, E. Jayalakshmy, “Effect of
zinc oxide nanoparticle produced by Zingiber
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Janarthanan, J. Chandrasekaran, “Preparation and
characterization of zno nanoparticles using
Moringa Oleifera extract by green synthesis
method”, Asian Journal of Phytomedicine and
Clinical Research, Vol. 4, (2016), 121 - 132.
5) T.S. Anvekar, V. Rajendra Chari, H. Kadam,
“Green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles, its
characterization and application”, Mater. Sci. Res.
India, Vol.14, (2017), 153-157.
6) S.S.M. Hassan, W.I.M.E. Azab, H.R. Ali, M.S.M.
Mansour, “Green synthesis and characterization of
ZnO nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation
of anthracene”, Adv. Nat. Sci.: Nanosci.
Nanotechnol., Vol. 6, (2015), 045012.
7) S. Goutam, A.K.Yadav, A. Jyoti Das, “Coriander
extract mediated green synthesis of zinc oxide
nanoparticles and their structural, optical and
antibacterial properties”, J. Nanosci. Tech., Vol. 3,
(2017), 249-252.
8) G. Bhumi, N. Savithramma, “Biological synthesis
of zinc oxide nanoparticles from
Catharanthusroseus G. Don. Leaf extract and
validation for antibacterial activity”, Int. J. Drug
Dev. & Res., Vol. 6, (2014), 208-214.
9) S. Narendhran, R. Sivaraj, “Biogenic ZnO
nanoparticles synthesized using L. aculeata leaf
extract and their antifungal activity against plant
fungal pathogens”, Bull. Mater. Sci., Vol. 39,
(2016), 1–5.
10) J. Santhoshkumar, S.Venkat Kumar, S.
Rajeshkumar, “Synthesis of zinc oxide
nanoparticles using plant leaf extract against
urinary tract infection pathogen”, Resource
Efficient Technologies, Vol. 3, (2017), 1–7.
11) S. Kavitha, M. Dhamodaran, Rajendra Prasad, M.
Ganesan, “Synthesis and characterisation of zinc
oxide nanoparticles using terpenoid fractions of
Andrographis paniculata leaves”, Int. Nano Lett.
Vol. 7, (2017), 141–147.
12) A. Geetha, R. Sakthivel, J. Mallika, R.
Kannusamy, R. Rajendran, “Green synthesis of
antibacterial zinc oxide nanoparticles using
biopolymer Azadirachta indica Gum”, Oriental J.
Chem., Vol. 32, (2016), 955-963.
13) D.S. Chauhan , C.S.A. Gopal, D. Kumar, N.
Mahato, M.A. Quraishi, M.H. Cho, “Microwave
induced green synthesis of nanostructured ZnO as
promising antibacterial agent”, Glob. J.
Nanomed., Vol. 2, (2017), 001-005.
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14) C. Joel, M. Sheik Muhideen Badhusha, “Green
synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Phyllanthus
embilica stem extract and their antibacterial
activity”, Der Pharmacia Lettre, Vol. 8, (2016),
218-223.
15) S.P. Rajendran, K. Sengodan, “Synthesis and
characterization of zinc oxide and iron oxide
nanoparticles using Sesbania grandiflora leaf
extract as reducing agent”, J. Nanosci., (2017),
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16) S.Vennila, S.S. Jesurani, “Eco-friendly green
synthesis and characterization of stable ZnO
nanoparticle using small Gooseberry fruits
extracts”, Int. J. Chem. Tech. Res., Vol. 10,
(2017), 271-275.
17) N. Sundaramurthy, C. Parthiban, “Biosynthesis of
copper oxide nanoparticles using Pyrus Pyrifolia
leaf extract and evolve the catalytic activity”, Int.
Res. J. Eng. Tech., Vol. 2, (2015), 332-338.
18) Shamsuzzaman, A. Mashrai, H. Khanam, R.N.
Aljawfi, Biological synthesis of ZnO
nanoparticles using C. albicans and studying their
catalytic performance in the synthesis of steroidal
pyrazolines”, Arabian J. Chem., Vol. 10, (2017),
S1530-S1536.
![@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com
ISSN No: 2456
International
Research
Green Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles using
Leaf Extract and its Spectral and Optical Characterization Studies
Assistant Professor, Department of Physics,
S.D.N.B. Vaishnav College for Women,
ABSTRACT
The main objective of the present study
the green synthesis of Zinc Oxide [ZnO] nanoparticles
utilizing aqueous leaf extract of
Fluminense.` Zinc acetate [Zn(O2CCH3
sodium hydroxide [NaOH] were used as starting
materials and Jasminum Fluminense
leaf extract is used as precursor in the synthesis of
ZnO nanoparticles. The resultant nanopowder was
characterized by using Ultraviolet [UV]
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
Spectroscopy [FTIR] and Transmission Electron
Microscopic [TEM] studies. Formation of ZnO
nanoparticles has been confirmed by UV
spectroscopy and the TEM analysis spectacles tha
synthesized ZnO nanoparticles are of face centered
cubic (fcc) structure and the size is found to be around
20 nm. FTIR spectral analysis indicated the leaf
extract acts as the reducing and capping agents on the
surface of ZnO nanoparticles. This sim
green approach may provide a useful tool to hefty
extent in the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles.
synthesized nanostructures illustrate novel
applications in many fields such as cosmetics,
optoelectronics, sensors, transducers and biomedica
science because it is environmentally friendly and
does not involve any harmful substances
Keywords: Leaf extract, Nanopowder,
Fluminense and Biomedical science
1. INTRODUCTION
In recent years the growth of hazardless free metal
nanoparticles has become a great challenge. Different
metal nanoparticles can be synthesized but among
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun
ISSN No: 2456 - 6470 | www.ijtsrd.com | Volume
International Journal of Trend in Scientific
Research and Development (IJTSRD)
International Open Access Journal
Green Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles using Jasminum Fluminense
Leaf Extract and its Spectral and Optical Characterization Studies
Dr. S. Amudha
Assistant Professor, Department of Physics,
S.D.N.B. Vaishnav College for Women, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
present study is to deal with
xide [ZnO] nanoparticles
lizing aqueous leaf extract of Jasminum
3)2(H2O)2] and
used as starting
[Nithyamalli]
in the synthesis of
ZnO nanoparticles. The resultant nanopowder was
Ultraviolet [UV] – Visible
Transform Infrared
IR] and Transmission Electron
Formation of ZnO
nanoparticles has been confirmed by UV-visible
spectroscopy and the TEM analysis spectacles that the
icles are of face centered
structure and the size is found to be around
indicated the leaf
as the reducing and capping agents on the
This simplistic and
green approach may provide a useful tool to hefty
synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles. These
synthesized nanostructures illustrate novel
applications in many fields such as cosmetics,
and biomedical
science because it is environmentally friendly and
does not involve any harmful substances.
Nanopowder, Jasminum
In recent years the growth of hazardless free metal
nanoparticles has become a great challenge. Different
metal nanoparticles can be synthesized but among
them Zinc Oxide (ZnO) plays a vital role in chemical
industries due to its anti-corrosive and anti
activities. Metal nanoparticles can be prepared by
both physical and chemical methods such as UV
irradiation, microwave irradiation, chemical
reduction, photochemical method, electron irradiation
and sonoelectrochemical method [1]. But these
methods are costly, labor intensive and hazardous to
environment as well as living organisms and in order
to eliminate this we need an alternative,
environmentally friendly, cost
approach [2]. So green approach of nanoparticle
synthesis has gained great attention among scientists
and literature review divulges that leaves are
generally used for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles
because they act as both reducing and stabilizing
agent.
Generally nanoparticles are the cluster of atoms in
nanometer range. There are two types of nanoparticles
namely metal and metal oxide nanoparticle
them are very important but metal oxide nanoparticle
such as CuO, TiO2 and ZnO have semi
properties. Now-a-days ZnO nanoparticle has
great attention among researchers owing to its
different characteristics such as
conductivity and cytotoxicity [3
synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles from leaves such as
Moringa oleifera, Lemon grass, C
and Catharanthus roseus has already been reported
[4-8]. In our point of view, ZnO nanoparticles from
Jasminum Fluminense using Zinc acetate and Sodium
hydroxide as starting material
first time. Commonly, ZnO is a metal oxide
semiconductor belonging to II
Jun 2018 Page: 258
www.ijtsrd.com | Volume - 2 | Issue – 4
Scientific
(IJTSRD)
International Open Access Journal
Jasminum Fluminense
Leaf Extract and its Spectral and Optical Characterization Studies
Tamil Nadu, India
them Zinc Oxide (ZnO) plays a vital role in chemical
corrosive and anti-bacterial
activities. Metal nanoparticles can be prepared by
both physical and chemical methods such as UV
irradiation, microwave irradiation, chemical
reduction, photochemical method, electron irradiation
and sonoelectrochemical method [1]. But these
s are costly, labor intensive and hazardous to
environment as well as living organisms and in order
to eliminate this we need an alternative,
environmentally friendly, cost-effective and safest
approach [2]. So green approach of nanoparticle
gained great attention among scientists
and literature review divulges that leaves are
generally used for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles
because they act as both reducing and stabilizing
Generally nanoparticles are the cluster of atoms in
nanometer range. There are two types of nanoparticles
tal oxide nanoparticles. Both of
ut metal oxide nanoparticle
ZnO have semiconductor
days ZnO nanoparticle has gained
great attention among researchers owing to its
uch as catalysis, electrical
conductivity and cytotoxicity [3]. The biological
synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles from leaves such as
Lemon grass, Coriandrum sativum
has already been reported
ZnO nanoparticles from
using Zinc acetate and Sodium
as starting material was reported for the
ZnO is a metal oxide
semiconductor belonging to II-VI group having large](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/46greensynthesisofznonanoparticlesusingjasminumfluminenseleafextractanditsspectralandopticalcharacte-180920123139/85/Green-Synthesis-of-ZnO-Nanoparticles-using-Jasminum-Fluminense-Leaf-Extract-and-its-Spectral-and-Optical-Characterization-Studies-1-320.jpg)
![International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun 2018 Page: 259
exciton binding energy of 60 meV and wide band gap
of about 3.4 eV. It has wide application in solar cells,
gas sensors, ceramics, catalysts and used as an
additive in paints, cosmetics, plastics, rubber
manufacturing, electronics, pharmaceuticals,
agriculture and aquaculture [9]. The plant Jasminum
Fluminense belonging to the Olive family called
Oleaceae and it contains about 200 species native to
tropical and warm temperate regions of Eurasia,
Australasia and Oceania. It is a climber plant
belonging to dicotyledon and angiosperm group. The
main aim of the present study is to synthesize Zinc
Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles using aqueous leaf extract
of Jasminum Fluminense and to evaluate the structure
by various characterization tools such as Ultraviolet
[UV] – Visible Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform
Infrared Spectroscopy [FTIR] and Transmission
Electron Microscopic [TEM] studies.
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.1 Materials Required
Zinc acetate [Zn (O2CCH3)2(H2O)2], Sodium
hydroxide [NaOH] pellet and glasswares were
purchased from Merck and used as received and
Jasminum Fluminense leaves were collected from
SDNB Vaishnav College Campus. The leaves and all
the glasswares were thoroughly washed with double
distilled water before use.
2.2 Preparation of Jasminum
Fluminense Leaf Extract
Fresh leaves of Jasminum Fluminense about 10 g
were collected and washed several times with tap
water and then with distilled water and cut into small
pieces. These leaves were boiled with 100 ml of
double distilled water at 60 C for about 30 minutes.
After boiling, color of the solution changes to light
brown color and it was cooled at room temperature.
This extract was filtered through Whatman Number-1
filter paper and stored in refrigerator for further
characterization studies.
2.3 Green Synthesis of ZnO
Nanoparticles
For the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles 1mM Zinc
acetate [Zn (O2CCH3)2 (H2O) 2] was dissolved in 50
ml of distilled water and kept in stirrer for 1 hr
respectively. Then 1mM of Sodium hydroxide
[NaOH] Pellets was dissolved in 20 ml of distilled
water and kept in stirrer for 1 hr respectively. Then 25
ml of Jasminum Fluminense leaf extract was added
drop wise to the above mixture and continuously
stirred at 50 C for another 1 hr until the colloidal
solution is obtained. The colour of the resultant
solution changes to light pale yellow colour which
confirms the presence of ZnO nanoparticles. The
precipitate was centrifuged at 10000 rpm at 50 °C for
20 min and powdered specimen was collected. This
yellow coloured sample was dried using a hot air oven
operating at 70 °C for 2 h and crushed using ceramic
mortar and pestle to get fine Zinc Oxide (ZnO)
nanoparticles and stored in air-tight bottles for further
characterization studies [10].
2.4 Characterization
The optical properties of synthesized ZnO
nanoparticles were investigated using UV-visible
8500 spectrophotometer in the wavelength range 250-
1000 nm. The FTIR spectra were recorded using KBr
pellet method by FTIR Spectrophotometer (Bruker,
Tensor 27) at the wave number resolution of 1 cm-1
and with a total number of scans as 32 in the range
4000-650 cm-1
on the transmittance mode. The
morphology was observed by Transmission Electron
Microscopy using Hitachi Model TEM.
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.1 UV-visible Spectroscopic Results
Fig. 1 UV-visible spectrum of biosynthesized ZnO
nanoparticles
Figure 1 shows the UV-visible absorption spectrum
obtained for the synthesized Zinc Oxide (ZnO)
nanoparticles recorded between the range 250-1000
nm. It is known that the ZnO nanoparticles have free
electrons due to which Surface Plasmon Resonance
(SPR) absorption band appear at 289.9 nm. This
absorption peak indicates the reduction of Zn2+
ions in
the reaction medium which authenticates the
formation of ZnO nanoparticles [4, 11]. No other
peaks have been observed which confirms the
200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Absorbance(A)
Wavelength(nm)
289.9nm ZnOnanoparticles](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)