Gravity and space
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The document discusses concepts related to gravity and space. It explains that gravity depends on the mass of objects and the distance between them, and defines weight as the mass of an object multiplied by the gravitational field strength. Examples are provided to calculate weight on Earth and other celestial bodies. The document also describes how the force needed for a rocket to accelerate decreases as it gets further from Earth and burns fuel, becoming smaller and lighter. Finally, it notes that planets orbit the sun, making them natural satellites.
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Gravity and space
Gravity is a force that pulls objects towards massive bodies like the Earth and causes tides. Isaac Newton discovered gravity when an apple fell on his head. The Hubble telescope takes amazing pictures of space, including stars and galaxies. Galileo was the first to prove the Earth orbits the Sun and invented the telescope, while pioneers like Yuri Gagarin, Neil Armstrong, and dogs like Laika explored space and the Moon. The International Space Station allows ongoing study of space.
Multichoice Quiz on Forces KS3
Forces can be pushes or pulls that change the motion or shape of objects, though forces themselves cannot be seen. Gravity is a force of attraction between all objects with mass. Weight is the gravitational force of the Earth on an object, measured in newtons. Pressure is the amount of force applied over an area, calculated as force divided by area and measured in pascals.
E2 - Types of Star & HR Diagram
The document describes different types of stars:
1) Red giants are very large, cool stars that all main sequence stars evolve into. Nuclear fusion occurs in red giants, fusing helium into heavier elements.
2) White dwarfs are very small and dense remnants of red giants. They have high temperatures but low luminosities due to their small size.
3) Neutron stars form from massive stars and are very hot and dense, composed mostly of neutrons. Pulsars are rotating, magnetized neutron stars that emit beams of electromagnetic radiation.
Nebula
Nebulae are giant clouds of dust and gas found in space where stars are formed. They can be light years across and look fuzzy in appearance. When the gas and dust in a nebula collapses under its own gravity, it forms hot, dense cores where stars ignite and shine. Some nebulae glow due to radiation from young stars, called emission nebulae. Others reflect the light of stars, known as reflection nebulae. Planetary nebulae are formed when aging stars blow off their outer layers.
Earth's Moon
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Moments
This document defines key terms related to moments and forces:
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- The center of gravity is the point where an object's entire weight is considered to act. For regular shapes it is the geometric center, and for irregular shapes it can be found by balancing.
- The plumb line method uses three lines dropped from holes in a lamina to find their intersection point, which is the center of gravity.
- The principle of moments states that the sum of clockwise moments equals the sum of counterclockwise moments about a point, with the total being zero.
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Gravity is a force that pulls objects towards massive bodies like the Earth and causes tides. Isaac Newton discovered gravity when an apple fell on his head. The Hubble telescope takes amazing pictures of space, including stars and galaxies. Galileo was the first to prove the Earth orbits the Sun and invented the telescope, while pioneers like Yuri Gagarin, Neil Armstrong, and dogs like Laika explored space and the Moon. The International Space Station allows ongoing study of space.
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Forces can be pushes or pulls that change the motion or shape of objects, though forces themselves cannot be seen. Gravity is a force of attraction between all objects with mass. Weight is the gravitational force of the Earth on an object, measured in newtons. Pressure is the amount of force applied over an area, calculated as force divided by area and measured in pascals.
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The document describes different types of stars:
1) Red giants are very large, cool stars that all main sequence stars evolve into. Nuclear fusion occurs in red giants, fusing helium into heavier elements.
2) White dwarfs are very small and dense remnants of red giants. They have high temperatures but low luminosities due to their small size.
3) Neutron stars form from massive stars and are very hot and dense, composed mostly of neutrons. Pulsars are rotating, magnetized neutron stars that emit beams of electromagnetic radiation.
Nebula
Nebulae are giant clouds of dust and gas found in space where stars are formed. They can be light years across and look fuzzy in appearance. When the gas and dust in a nebula collapses under its own gravity, it forms hot, dense cores where stars ignite and shine. Some nebulae glow due to radiation from young stars, called emission nebulae. Others reflect the light of stars, known as reflection nebulae. Planetary nebulae are formed when aging stars blow off their outer layers.
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The document provides information about the Moon and its exploration history. It describes the Moon's size and distance from Earth. Key events in lunar exploration included Soviet missions in 1959 and US missions in the 1960s including Rangers, Lunar Orbiters, and Surveyors. The Apollo 11 mission in 1969 was the first to land humans on the Moon. The document discusses lunar geology, noting differences from Earth like the lack of an atmosphere, water, or plate tectonics. It describes lunar features such as maria, highlands, craters, and rilles. The formation of the Moon is also summarized.
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Kepler's 3rd law describes the relationship between the orbital period of a planet and the semi-major axis of its orbit. The square of the orbital period is directly proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis. This relationship can be derived from the fact that centripetal force due to gravity must equal the gravitational force for an object to maintain a stable orbit. Graphs of the kinetic energy, potential energy, and total energy of an orbiting object help illustrate this relationship.
Moments
This document defines key terms related to moments and forces:
- A moment is the product of a force and its perpendicular distance from the pivot point, and has a direction of either clockwise or counterclockwise.
- The center of gravity is the point where an object's entire weight is considered to act. For regular shapes it is the geometric center, and for irregular shapes it can be found by balancing.
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9 j gravity and space
1) Gravity is an attractive force that depends on the mass of objects and the distance between them. It affects anything with mass.
2) On Earth, gravitational field strength is 10N/kg. An object's weight is calculated by multiplying its mass by gravitational field strength. Some examples of weight calculations on Earth are provided.
3) When a rocket launches from Earth, the force needed to accelerate it decreases as it gains distance from Earth and loses mass by burning fuel, both of which decrease the gravitational force pulling it downwards.
ScienceShare.co.uk Shared Resource
1) Gravity is the force of attraction between two masses, and it causes weight, which is the downward force on objects. Mass stays the same anywhere, while weight depends on location.
2) The weight of an object can be calculated using the formula: Weight = Mass x Gravitational Field Strength. On Earth, gravitational field strength is about 10 N/kg.
3) Gravity decreases with distance from a large mass like Earth or the Sun. Planets further from the Sun move slower and have longer orbits. Satellites orbit Earth in different patterns depending on their purpose.
Gravity and space
I used this Powerpoint as an example for a presentation I did on using Dukane projectors to teach STEM, and thought it might be useful to others.
Bill McIntosh
SchoolVision Inc ( my consulting company)
Authorized Dukane/Convey Consultant
Phone :843-442-8888
Email :WKMcIntosh@Comcast.net
Twitter : @OtisTMcIntosh
SchoolVision Website on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/WKMIII
Gravity and motion
This document discusses gravity and its effects. It explains that Isaac Newton first hypothesized that gravity causes apples and the moon to fall toward Earth. Gravity is a force that attracts all objects and depends on the masses and distance between objects. Newton's law of universal gravitation states that gravitational force is proportional to the product of masses and inversely proportional to the distance between them. Gravity and inertia combine to keep objects like Earth and the moon in orbit. Mass is the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the gravitational force on the object.
Chapter 1 force
This slide includes topics related to Newton's law of gravitation,gravity,acceleration due to gravity,freefall, weightlessness, mass and weight
Mass and weight
Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object and does not change in different environments, while weight is the force of gravitational attraction on an object which does change depending on location. Weight is calculated as mass times the acceleration of gravity (w=mg), where mass is measured in kilograms and weight in newtons. On the moon, an object's mass would remain the same but its weight would be about 1/6 of what it is on Earth due to the moon's lower gravity.
gravity.ppt
Gravity is a fundamental force that causes objects with mass to accelerate towards each other. Kepler determined that planetary orbits are elliptical rather than circular, and that planets move faster when closer to the sun. Newton realized that the force causing apples and the moon to move was gravity. His law of universal gravitation stated that the gravitational force between objects is directly proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Gravity creates gravitational fields around massive objects that other objects interact with. Tides are caused by differences in the moon's gravitational pull on the near and far sides of Earth.
Gravitation
The document discusses the laws of universal gravitation and how they relate to weight, mass, and satellite motion. It describes how the force of gravitational attraction decreases with the square of the distance between masses and explains that weight is a measure of the gravitational force on a mass. It then applies these concepts to discuss how gravity and weight differ on other planets and elevations from Earth's surface. The document concludes by summarizing Kepler's laws of planetary motion, including that the square of an orbiting body's period is directly proportional to the cube of the average orbital radius.
Ch.14.forces and motion (week 2)
This document discusses three types of non-contact forces: magnetic forces, electrostatic forces, and gravitational forces. It provides details on magnetic forces and how opposite poles attract and similar poles repel. It also explains that gravitational forces act between any two masses in the universe, and the force is stronger between larger masses like the sun and earth. Finally, it defines the difference between mass and weight, where mass is the amount of matter and weight is the gravitational force acting on an object that can vary in different gravitational fields.
Massweightanddensity 130828084525-phpapp01
Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object, measured in kilograms. It does not change with location or shape. Weight is the gravitational force on an object, measured in newtons, and depends on the object's mass and the gravitational field strength. Gravitional field strength refers to the gravitational force per unit mass exerted on an object. On Earth, gravitational field strength is approximately 10 newtons per kilogram. The weight of an object can be calculated as its mass multiplied by the gravitational field strength. Mass is measured using a beam balance while weight is measured using devices that measure force such as spring scales.
Mass, weight and density
Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object, measured in kilograms. It does not change with location or shape. Weight is the gravitational force on an object, measured in newtons, and depends on the object's mass and the gravitational field strength. Gravitional field strength refers to the gravitational force per unit mass exerted on an object. On Earth, gravitational field strength is approximately 10 newtons per kilogram. The weight of an object can be calculated by multiplying its mass in kilograms by the gravitational field strength in newtons per kilogram.
Physics On the Road - Lesson 11
This document discusses Newton's three main ideas about gravity and motion: (1) the difference between mass and weight, where weight is proportional to mass and depends on gravitational acceleration; (2) the concept of a gravitational field that produces gravitational force; (3) that forces change the velocity of objects, including changing direction but not necessarily speed. It provides examples of how mass and weight differ on Earth versus the Moon, formulas relating weight, mass and acceleration, and how gravitational fields produce acceleration.
Gravitation 1
1. Centripetal force is the force acting towards the center that causes acceleration and keeps an object moving in a circular path.
2. The universal law of gravitation states that every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
3. Important concepts explained by the universal law include the force binding us to Earth, the motion of the moon around Earth, and the motion of planets around the sun.
Chapter 10 - Force and Pressure Part 3
The document discusses different types of forces including gravitational, frictional, and magnetic forces. It defines gravitational force as a force of attraction between objects due to mass. Friction is defined as a contact force that opposes the motion of objects. Magnetic force is a non-contact force where like poles repel and unlike poles attract. Examples are given of calculating weight from mass and gravitational field strength. The effects and uses of these different forces are also summarized.
Pptgravity 091010165847-phpapp01
The gravitational force exerted by one body on another is directed towards the first body and is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force exerted by the second body on the first. This relationship demonstrates that gravitational forces form Newton's third law action-reaction force pairs. While the masses of most everyday objects results in gravitational forces that are undetectable, the force becomes significant for objects with masses closer in size to each other.
A2 gravitational field KYUEM Physics
Gravity is a mysterious force that attracts all objects with mass, even when far apart. Newton discovered that all objects accelerate towards Earth at 9.81 m/s2, and the moon accelerates towards Earth at 2.72 m/s2. Gravity is weak but exists between all objects, causing dust in space to come together to form stars and planets.
Chapter-10, Gravitation
This document provides an overview of key concepts in gravitation and fluid mechanics. It begins with an introduction to gravitation as the force of attraction between objects. It then discusses centripetal force, Newton's universal law of gravitation, and the importance of this law. Further sections cover topics like free fall, calculating gravitational acceleration, mass vs weight, weight on other planets, thrust and pressure, buoyancy, and Archimedes' principle. The document concludes with explanations of why objects float or sink and definitions of density and relative density.
Gravitational fields
Gravitational fields are described by Newton's law of universal gravitation and gravitational field strength. Every object in the universe attracts other objects based on their masses and distances. Gravitational fields can be thought of as radial fields emanating from objects on a large scale, but as uniform fields on a small scale near objects. The potential energy of an object is determined by its mass and the gravitational potential of its location in the field.
universal gravitation
This document provides an overview of Isaac Newton's theory of universal gravitation. It discusses how Newton realized that the force causing apples to fall is the same force that causes the moon to orbit the Earth. The document then presents Newton's universal law of gravitation, which states that the gravitational force between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. It also explains key concepts like gravitational fields and how gravity works inside planets and for artificial satellites and black holes.
Force
Force can be a push or a pull that causes motion, stops motion, or changes the motion of an object. There are several types of forces including gravitational, magnetic, electrostatic, tension, and frictional forces. Gravitational force depends on the masses of objects and the distance between them. Weight is the gravitational force of Earth on an object and is measured in Newtons. [END SUMMARY]
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Bob Reedy - Nitrate in Texas Groundwater.pdf
Presented at June 6-7 Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts Business Meeting
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
bordetella pertussis.................................ppt
Bordettela is a gram negative cocobacilli spread by air born drop let
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The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...
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hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skills8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
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3D Hybrid PIC simulation of the plasma expansion (ISSS-14)
3D Particle-In-Cell (PIC) algorithm,
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Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...
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The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
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equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
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EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
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the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
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s
−1
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https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
在线办理(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证毕业完成信一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
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留信网认证的作用:
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3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
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6:个人职称评审加20分
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Deep Software Variability and Frictionless Reproducibility
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless ReproducibilityUniversity of Rennes, INSA Rennes, Inria/IRISA, CNRS
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
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Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
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Gravity and space
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- 2. 19/05/14 GravityGravity Gravity is an attractive force that affects anything with mass: Note that this force goes both ways – the Earth is attracted to us.
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- 4. 19/05/14 Weight vs. MassWeight vs. Mass Earth’s Gravitational Field Strength is 10N/kg. In other words, a 1kg mass is pulled downwards by a force of 10N. W gM Weight = Mass x Gravitational Field Strength (in N) (in kg) (in N/kg) 1) What is the weight on Earth of a book with mass 2kg? 2) What is the weight on Earth of an apple with mass 100g? 3) Dave weighs 700N. What is his mass? 4) On the moon the gravitational field strength is 1.6N/kg. What will Dave weigh if he stands on the moon?
- 5. 19/05/14 RocketsRockets When a rocket flies away from Earth the force needed to keep it accelerating decreases: This is because… 1) As the rocket gets further away from Earth the force of ______ decreases. 2) As the rocket burns fuel it gets _______, also decreasing the gravity downwards. Words – gravity, smaller, large, lighter _____ force needed here _____ force needed here
- 6. 19/05/14 Natural SatellitesNatural Satellites Mercury Mars Jupiter Saturn Neptune Uranus Pluto Venus Earth These planets are all satellites of the sun
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