This grant proposal seeks funding for a 1.5 year research project in Lima, Peru investigating factors related to access to clean drinking water. The proposal has two phases: Phase I will assess needs and existing programs around purified drinking water technology in vulnerable communities. Phase II will provide a purified drinking water technology system to a case study group in Lima to identify potential public health benefits. The proposal hypothesizes that providing access to clean water through these "conditional public asset transfers" could improve health and enable financial independence, similar to conditional cash transfer programs in other countries. The research will involve qualitative and quantitative social science methods to understand perspectives and needs regarding clean water access.
UN-Water Report Calls for Wastewater Focus in Post-2015 AgendaGraciela Mariani
#Wastewater
UN-Water Report Calls for Wastewater Focus in Post-2015 Agenda
Only 20 percent of global wastewater is currently being treated, leaving low-income countries hardest hit by contaminated water supplies and disease, according to the UN report which encourages governments to see treated wastewater as a valuable resource, and a priority for the post-2015 development agenda. This is accompanied by the realization that the focus on drinking-water and sanitation without due attention being paid to wastewater may have exacerbated some of the water quality problems seen globally. It is increasingly being recognized that the issues of wastewater management and water quality have cross-linkages with a range of other water- and non-water issues, not least in respect of the water, energy and food nexus. It has also been acknowledged that wastewater management clearly plays a role in achieving future water security in a world where water stress will increase. Against this backdrop, there is an emerging consensus on the need for a dedicated water goal in the post-2015 Development Agenda, one which includes explicit recognition of the importance of good wastewater management and its contribution to protecting water quality. The report ’Wastewater Management- A UN-Water Analytical Brief’ looks at some of the problems caused by the neglect of wastewater management, but also at the benefits and opportunities that can be realized through proper attention to this area, and highlights why it is crucial that wastewater management and water quality stop being the ’poor relations’ and receive attention in their own right.
#AguasResiduales
Informe de ONU-Agua destaca la importancia de las aguas residuales para la agenda post-2015
Sólo el 20% de las aguas residuales a nivel global están siendo tratadas, siendo los países de bajos ingresos los más afectados por las aguas contaminadas y las enfermedades, según señala el último informe de la ONU sobre aguas residuales. Dicho informe insta a los gobiernos a tratar las aguas residuales como un recurso valioso y como una prioridad para la agenda de desarrollo post-2015. Atender el agua potable y el saneamiento sin la debida atención a las aguas residuales puede haber exacerbado algunos de los problemas de calidad del agua presentes en todo el mundo. Se reconoce de manera creciente que la gestión de las aguas residuales desempeña claramente un papel en el logro de la seguridad hídrica futura en un mundo en el que la escasez de agua aumentará. En este contexto, existe un consenso emergente sobre la necesidad de una meta dedicada al agua en la agenda de desarrollo post 2015, que incluya el reconocimiento explícito de la importancia de una buena gestión de las aguas residuales y su contribución a la protección de la calidad del agua. El informe 'Gestión de las Aguas Residuales- Nota Analítica de ONU-Agua ' analiza algunos de los problemas causados por la negligencia de la gest
Water: consumption, usage patterns, and residential infrastructure. A compara...JhonPedrazaGarcia
To cite this article: Daniel R. Rondinel-Oviedo & Jaime M. Sarmiento-Pastor (2020): Water:
consumption, usage patterns, and residential infrastructure. A comparative analysis of three regions
in the Lima metropolitan area, Water International, DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2020.1830360
Spatial water quality variations of DMMMSU-NLUC watershed and citizens’ aware...Jomar Aban
The research study was able to capture the social perspectives of DMMMSU-NLUC stakeholders pertaining to sustainable watershed resources management. Gender seemed to have played a major factor when it comes to the awareness and initiatives of the respondents. Males seem to be more aware than females when it comes to theories but females, on the other hand, seem to be more aware of the practical concepts on watershed resources management. Further, females prefer to conduct hands-on community outreach activities regarding watershed conservation than males. In contrary, males prefer to be more initiative by attending more seminars regarding watershed management. Work and social status also played a key role in terms of the awareness and initiatives of respondents. Students, local government officials, and local citizens are only fairly aware on the effects of industrialization in our watershed resources. It is even surprising to know that local government officials are not aware on the effect of siltation to the quality and biodiversity of watershed resources.
HOW TO CITE: Aban, J. L. and Manuel, J. I. Jr. (2015). Spatial water quality variations of DMMMSU-NLUC watershed and citizens’ awareness and initiatives to achieve sustainable watershed resources management. DON MARIANO MARCOS MEMORIAL STATE UNIVERSITY Agency In-House Review 2015. June 1, 2015. doi: 10.13140/RG.2.2.13229.90082/1
7191 . the right to water and sanitation - a practical guideGian Paolo Pezzi
A Franciscan Perspective on the Right to Water. Francis’s respect for Sister Mother Earth reminds us that the right to water is certainly important, but at the same time we need to respect the Water’s rights too!
This practical guide shows the importance of water, the water's rights, and the commitment of the community towards water providing reflection, statistics, and exercises. Here you can find both the Power Point and a word text to facilitate the use of both in separate way. (Jpic-jp.org).
UN-Water Report Calls for Wastewater Focus in Post-2015 AgendaGraciela Mariani
#Wastewater
UN-Water Report Calls for Wastewater Focus in Post-2015 Agenda
Only 20 percent of global wastewater is currently being treated, leaving low-income countries hardest hit by contaminated water supplies and disease, according to the UN report which encourages governments to see treated wastewater as a valuable resource, and a priority for the post-2015 development agenda. This is accompanied by the realization that the focus on drinking-water and sanitation without due attention being paid to wastewater may have exacerbated some of the water quality problems seen globally. It is increasingly being recognized that the issues of wastewater management and water quality have cross-linkages with a range of other water- and non-water issues, not least in respect of the water, energy and food nexus. It has also been acknowledged that wastewater management clearly plays a role in achieving future water security in a world where water stress will increase. Against this backdrop, there is an emerging consensus on the need for a dedicated water goal in the post-2015 Development Agenda, one which includes explicit recognition of the importance of good wastewater management and its contribution to protecting water quality. The report ’Wastewater Management- A UN-Water Analytical Brief’ looks at some of the problems caused by the neglect of wastewater management, but also at the benefits and opportunities that can be realized through proper attention to this area, and highlights why it is crucial that wastewater management and water quality stop being the ’poor relations’ and receive attention in their own right.
#AguasResiduales
Informe de ONU-Agua destaca la importancia de las aguas residuales para la agenda post-2015
Sólo el 20% de las aguas residuales a nivel global están siendo tratadas, siendo los países de bajos ingresos los más afectados por las aguas contaminadas y las enfermedades, según señala el último informe de la ONU sobre aguas residuales. Dicho informe insta a los gobiernos a tratar las aguas residuales como un recurso valioso y como una prioridad para la agenda de desarrollo post-2015. Atender el agua potable y el saneamiento sin la debida atención a las aguas residuales puede haber exacerbado algunos de los problemas de calidad del agua presentes en todo el mundo. Se reconoce de manera creciente que la gestión de las aguas residuales desempeña claramente un papel en el logro de la seguridad hídrica futura en un mundo en el que la escasez de agua aumentará. En este contexto, existe un consenso emergente sobre la necesidad de una meta dedicada al agua en la agenda de desarrollo post 2015, que incluya el reconocimiento explícito de la importancia de una buena gestión de las aguas residuales y su contribución a la protección de la calidad del agua. El informe 'Gestión de las Aguas Residuales- Nota Analítica de ONU-Agua ' analiza algunos de los problemas causados por la negligencia de la gest
Water: consumption, usage patterns, and residential infrastructure. A compara...JhonPedrazaGarcia
To cite this article: Daniel R. Rondinel-Oviedo & Jaime M. Sarmiento-Pastor (2020): Water:
consumption, usage patterns, and residential infrastructure. A comparative analysis of three regions
in the Lima metropolitan area, Water International, DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2020.1830360
Spatial water quality variations of DMMMSU-NLUC watershed and citizens’ aware...Jomar Aban
The research study was able to capture the social perspectives of DMMMSU-NLUC stakeholders pertaining to sustainable watershed resources management. Gender seemed to have played a major factor when it comes to the awareness and initiatives of the respondents. Males seem to be more aware than females when it comes to theories but females, on the other hand, seem to be more aware of the practical concepts on watershed resources management. Further, females prefer to conduct hands-on community outreach activities regarding watershed conservation than males. In contrary, males prefer to be more initiative by attending more seminars regarding watershed management. Work and social status also played a key role in terms of the awareness and initiatives of respondents. Students, local government officials, and local citizens are only fairly aware on the effects of industrialization in our watershed resources. It is even surprising to know that local government officials are not aware on the effect of siltation to the quality and biodiversity of watershed resources.
HOW TO CITE: Aban, J. L. and Manuel, J. I. Jr. (2015). Spatial water quality variations of DMMMSU-NLUC watershed and citizens’ awareness and initiatives to achieve sustainable watershed resources management. DON MARIANO MARCOS MEMORIAL STATE UNIVERSITY Agency In-House Review 2015. June 1, 2015. doi: 10.13140/RG.2.2.13229.90082/1
7191 . the right to water and sanitation - a practical guideGian Paolo Pezzi
A Franciscan Perspective on the Right to Water. Francis’s respect for Sister Mother Earth reminds us that the right to water is certainly important, but at the same time we need to respect the Water’s rights too!
This practical guide shows the importance of water, the water's rights, and the commitment of the community towards water providing reflection, statistics, and exercises. Here you can find both the Power Point and a word text to facilitate the use of both in separate way. (Jpic-jp.org).
Water Governance and Gender: a study on the profile of members of river basin...fcmatosbh
This study is part of the Retratos de Governanças das Águas (“Water Governance Portraits”) series, which analyzes the profile of representatives of river basin committees in Brazil and provide information that can point to relevant aspects concerning inclusive capacity in representation, while also identifying how their involvement in the decision-making process and functioning of collegial bodies is perceived. It is also part of Projeto Governança dos Recursos Hídricos (“Water Resources Governance Project”), whose results at the state level also pointed to problems concerning the federal sphere.
The study design was based on the notion that river basin committees (from now on RBCs) can be addressed as governance arrangements consisting of different actors responsible for mediating, articulating, approving, and monitoring actions to manage water resources under their jurisdiction. The committees are collegial bodies with normative, propositional, consultative, and deliberative attributions, whose objective is to promote the planning and decision-making about the multiple uses of water resources within the scope of the respective drainage basin, a region consisting of territory and various watercourses.
This study presents a data analysis in the scope of interstate river basin committees. As mentioned, the development of the project called Governance of Water Resources: analysis of the profile and the training process of representatives of the State Water Resources Councils and River Basin Committees pointed to a meager 31% of female participation in the country’s river basin committees. (Matos et al., 2019). In addition, this study aims to promote a debate on women’s participation and representation in the spaces created for water resources management.
Water resources management is a set of actions for planning, monitoring, allocating resources, implementing and inspecting the existing legal instruments aimed at the efficient and sustainable coordination of water use in the country. This work seeks to contribute to the studies on participation by presenting the profile of interstate river basin committees’ members disaggregated by sex. It also provides information that can point to relevant aspects regarding their inclusive capacity, based on the premise that good governance is paramount to achieve water security.
EMERGING ISSUES-The Changing Demographic and the Natural Environment in Texas...tsuempa
The objective of this presentation is to discuss emerging areas of concern for the Texas Association of Black City Council Members and their constituencies.
T8: Testing the Water Tenure approach: does it add value? The experience in S...FAO
Testing the Water Tenure approach: does it add value? The experience in Spain, By Elena Lopez-Gunn et al, Land and Water Days in Near East & North Africa, 15-18 December 2013, Amman, Jordan
Water Governance and Gender: a study on the profile of members of river basin...fcmatosbh
This study is part of the Retratos de Governanças das Águas (“Water Governance Portraits”) series, which analyzes the profile of representatives of river basin committees in Brazil and provide information that can point to relevant aspects concerning inclusive capacity in representation, while also identifying how their involvement in the decision-making process and functioning of collegial bodies is perceived. It is also part of Projeto Governança dos Recursos Hídricos (“Water Resources Governance Project”), whose results at the state level also pointed to problems concerning the federal sphere.
The study design was based on the notion that river basin committees (from now on RBCs) can be addressed as governance arrangements consisting of different actors responsible for mediating, articulating, approving, and monitoring actions to manage water resources under their jurisdiction. The committees are collegial bodies with normative, propositional, consultative, and deliberative attributions, whose objective is to promote the planning and decision-making about the multiple uses of water resources within the scope of the respective drainage basin, a region consisting of territory and various watercourses.
This study presents a data analysis in the scope of interstate river basin committees. As mentioned, the development of the project called Governance of Water Resources: analysis of the profile and the training process of representatives of the State Water Resources Councils and River Basin Committees pointed to a meager 31% of female participation in the country’s river basin committees. (Matos et al., 2019). In addition, this study aims to promote a debate on women’s participation and representation in the spaces created for water resources management.
Water resources management is a set of actions for planning, monitoring, allocating resources, implementing and inspecting the existing legal instruments aimed at the efficient and sustainable coordination of water use in the country. This work seeks to contribute to the studies on participation by presenting the profile of interstate river basin committees’ members disaggregated by sex. It also provides information that can point to relevant aspects regarding their inclusive capacity, based on the premise that good governance is paramount to achieve water security.
EMERGING ISSUES-The Changing Demographic and the Natural Environment in Texas...tsuempa
The objective of this presentation is to discuss emerging areas of concern for the Texas Association of Black City Council Members and their constituencies.
T8: Testing the Water Tenure approach: does it add value? The experience in S...FAO
Testing the Water Tenure approach: does it add value? The experience in Spain, By Elena Lopez-Gunn et al, Land and Water Days in Near East & North Africa, 15-18 December 2013, Amman, Jordan
A study on the effects of income and education on preference between allopathic and traditional treatment-types and how medical pluralism impacts the allopathic doctor-patient relationships in Oaxaca, Mexico.
Tool connectors in Warewolf are used to perform common tasks or data manipulation inside your service or microservice.
You do not need to go out of Warewolf and call a data connector to perform the task for you.
Epidemiological data and operational information about outbreaks is.pdfakashapparels
Epidemiological data and operational information about outbreaks is dynamic and changes
rapidly. You must develop a comprehensive Event Management System to manage critical
information about an outbreak (of your choice) within the Excel program that you have just
learned. This is one method to ensure accurate and timely communications between key public
health professionals and the community.
Choose from any one of the fields below.
Features of the data management system you create should include:
Solution
Case Management-
Businesses and agencies in long-term relationships with their customers, citizens or subscribers
will be judged by the accuracy of the records they hold, the consistency of the communications
that take place, and the speed, efficiency and fairness with which each case, claim or contract is
processed.
Delivery of customer service against these priorities has never been more challenging.
Customers are more mobile in their addresses, jobs and family relationships. Communications
channels seem to multiply overnight, with customers switching between them at will. Corporate
messaging demands multi-channel distribution with increasing amounts of personalization.
Mergers and acquisitions create multiple silos of customer-related data to be seamlessly joined.
And products, business rules and government regulations change with alarming frequency.
Against this backdrop, the demands on the IT systems to support smooth, efficient and integrated
delivery are considerable, particularly where case-orientated transactions are involved.
Emergency Response-
Environmental emergencies are incidents or events that threaten public safety, health, and
welfare and include hurricanes, floods, wildfires, industrial plant explosions, chemical spills, acts
of terrorism, and others. While these events range in size, location, cause, and effect, most have
an environmental component. Emergency response is the organizing, coordinating, and directing
of available resources in order to respond to the event and bring the emergency under control.
The goal of this coordinated response is to protect public health by minimizing the impact of the
event on the community and the environment.
An emergency response plan must provide the resources and information needed to evaluate the
human and environmental health impacts of the event, assess and reduce human exposures to
contaminants, and develop science-based strategies for remediation and rebuilding. One example
is the immediate response of NIEHS and other government agencies to the devastation and
hardship caused by Hurricane Katrina. This included the establishment of a field hospital in
Mississippi to meet the immediate health needs of the hurricane victims, as well as the
development of a Geographic Information System to plot the locations of chemical plants,
refineries, Superfund clean-up sites, and other potential hot spots of contamination where
flooding occurred.
Safe Drinking Water-
There are many types o.
Presentación de Pedro Arrojo en el taller de debate “Nuevas Visiones y Buenas Prácticas para abordar los impactos del cambio climático en los conflictos del agua” de la 60º Conferencia Anual de ONG de Naciones Unidas “Climate Change: How it Impact Us All” (Nueva York, del 5 al 7 de septiembre de 2007).
Among the many water-related challenges worldwide, the crisis of scarcity, deteriorating water quality, the linkages between water and food security, and the need for improved governance are the most significant in the context of gender differences in access to and control over water resources.
The Norwegian Pension Fund Global states that responsible water management is a focus area in their responsible management strategy, still they invest heavily in companies, such as The Coca-Cola Company and Nestle, which have several documented cases of illegal overuse of water and irresponsible water management.
ICT Mediated Community Water Management & Decision MakingRajat Kumar
Community based water resource management is a valuable tool that strives to sustain and improve environmental health through a natural resource management approach that integrates locally driven initiatives. It seeks to bring together stakeholders to identify issues, needs & strategies; integrate social, economic & ecological concerns towards generating comprehensive solutions. The increasing penetration of Information & Communication Technologies (ICTs) presents a great potential for communities to connect with government officials, policy makers and other relevant stakeholders that would have; under normal circumstances; been inaccessible for them. What is important is that this ease of sharing information through ICTs should also decrease the time taken for members in a community to acquire equal knowledge about the issue at hand and to encourage faster collaboration & quicker and more informed decision making about these community water resources.
This paper seeks to examine this claim by examining literature and feedback from the “Neerjaal” portal, developed by the Digital Empowerment Foundation in association with Social Work Resource Centre and the Barefoot College, in Rajasthan.
Sustainable Water (Safe Water and Improved Sanitation): Engaging the YouthsCharles Anukwonke
The slide presented the sustainable development goal number 6. and its concerns; Safe water, Sanitation and Hygiene. Financial innovation strategy is presented on how it will help achieve the said goal of sate water and sustainability.
Human transformation of freshwater ecosystems is rapidly exceeding capacity required to sustain the conditions we need to survive and thrive. Water crises are already impacting people around the globe—from river basins in California and China, to the cities of São Palo and Bangkok. Under current population and growth trends, the 2030 Water Resources Group predicts global water demand will exceed available supply by 40 percent by 2030.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
CDSCO and Phamacovigilance {Regulatory body in India}NEHA GUPTA
The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) is India's national regulatory body for pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Operating under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, the CDSCO is responsible for approving new drugs, conducting clinical trials, setting standards for drugs, controlling the quality of imported drugs, and coordinating the activities of State Drug Control Organizations by providing expert advice.
Pharmacovigilance, on the other hand, is the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems. The primary aim of pharmacovigilance is to ensure the safety and efficacy of medicines, thereby protecting public health.
In India, pharmacovigilance activities are monitored by the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI), which works closely with CDSCO to collect, analyze, and act upon data regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Together, they play a critical role in ensuring that the benefits of drugs outweigh their risks, maintaining high standards of patient safety, and promoting the rational use of medicines.
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group of receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a teamof receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a team wwww.lisywomensclinic.co.za/
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...
Grant Proposal Example, Arnold P Gold
1. ARNOLD P GOLD GRANT PROPOSAL __ 2016 __ WRITTEN BY RICHARD ALAN RUSSELL
Abstract: 2025 Lima, Perú is projected over the cusp into crisis leading to severe water scarcity; this desert
metropolis Limeño is comprised of nearly 10 million people that need and deserve daily water (McGrath,
2014). Global climate changes, cultural-political tangles, inadequate infrastructure, and imbalanced water
usage between city districts are some factors leading to such water sparsity (“Water crisis in Lima,” 2011;
Mervin, 2015; Ioris, 2012; World Bank, 2015). This research project will investigate anthropology, economics,
public health, technology, culture and language, and education in the context of drinking water over 1.5 years
abroad on leave from the University of Arizona College of Medicine (UACOM) while enrolled at la
Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Facultad de Medicina de San Fernando, as part of
Thesis 1 (Proyecto de Tesis I), Research Methods (Proyectos de Investigación), and Thesis II (Proyecto de
Tesis II) coursework. A written report with supplementary tables and visuals, in addition to a compelling oral
story for professional presentation about the health needs for purified drinking water technology (PDWT), will
both be completed in two phases. Phase I will focus on determining, identifying, assessing, and analyzing the
need for PDWT in communities that are vulnerable to clean drinking water unavailability or contamination
due to large-scale industrial processes, such as pipe corrosion, discharge from mines, pollution and trash, and
byproducts of chemical disinfection of water. In phase II, members of a case study group in Lima, Perú, will
receive a PDWT system, referred to here as a Conditional Public Asset Transfer (CPAT), with the intent of
identifying potential public health benefits in a particular urban district(s) in Lima. The case study CPAT will
be modeled on previously successful public health programs common to 18 countries in Latin America called
Conditional Cash Transfers (CCTs). The case study will be approximately 10-weeks; it will involve
continuous patient interaction funded by humanism to improve clean drinking water access for two families.
Hypothesis: CCTs enable financial independence within underserved populations by providing money to
participating households, thus CPATs enable Lima residents autonomous access to clean drinking water and
opportunity for long-term financial independence via PDWT provision.
Objectives and Significance: Phase I will determine at least one PDWT to improve water security and
optimal health of Lima residents; identify domestic and international groups involved in similar public health
PDWT activities; assess the social-cultural and economic environment in a generalizable fashion to
understand key social institutions, customs, traditions, and beliefs regarding PDWT and CPATs; and analyze
the political-legal environment to understand the influence of government and regulations on any case study
activities. Phase II will complete a case study of a group defined by a city district of urban Lima by donating a
PDWT to a participant with conditions based upon phase I findings. Participation requires learning about
water from a multi-perspective approach and sharing details of the experience with their new PDWT. This
grant funds phase II materials during semester-I 2017 at UNMSM, covering cost of flights, water jugs, cost of
legal inscription translations, and RO/AWG systems.
Background
A commodity fundamental to public health and survival is water, and in 2013, Peruvians’ universal access to
clean drinking water was codified in the Sanitation Services Modernization Law (N⁰ 30045/2013). The
Peruvian water supply, including that of metropolitan Lima, is a natural resource currently derived from
Chillón, Rimac and Lurin river basins with future water sources planned to draw from wells, lakes, reservoirs
and desalination or water treatment plants (Kalra et al., 2015). Rural small-scale providers supply water and
sanitation services (SSPs). Both private and communal SSPs service communities’ basic operations and
function, while in urban Lima, water and sanitation services are mostly provided by utilities e.g. SEDAPAL
(with some SSPs working mostly in peripheral urban districts). Many of the SSPs both rural and urban are
efficient, more so than large utility providers in their respective communities who benefit from economies of
scale. The Water and Sanitation Program concludes large scale utilities and SSPs should “cooperate with one
another rather than segment the markets by working separately” (Ringskog, 2007). More recently, in the non-
peripheral urban zones of Lima there is daily access to potable water (The World Bank, 2011). Furthermore,
as of 2015, public water utilities provided potable water to approximately 9 million of 9.75 million urban
residents of Lima (Bozzo, 2015). This potable water varies in quantity and quality, depending on large-scale
infrastructure projects and holistic water resource allocation strategies (“Decade, Water for Life, 2015,” 2014).
Presently, there is sufficient quantity in most parts of Lima despite long-term forecasts of climate change
shortages. Hence the quality of this water is more immediately in public health consideration.
2. ARNOLD P GOLD GRANT PROPOSAL __ 2016 __ WRITTEN BY RICHARD ALAN RUSSELL
Defining the maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) of microorganisms, disinfectants, disinfection byproducts,
inorganic chemicals, organic chemicals, and radionuclides is one way to determine drinking water quality
(“NRDS,” 2003). Monitoring of MCLs varies by nation and geography, but not incomparably. MCL goals and
monitoring can include over 90 individual contaminants in some industrial nations (based upon the regulations
set by the Environmental Protection Agency of the United States). Of the 90 contaminants often regulated,
less than 1/9th
are biological or naturally occurring (e.g. cryptosporidium, legionella, turbidity, viruses, etc).
The majority of monitored contaminants are from modern industrial processes such as farming runoff, mining
discharge, herbicides, chemical factories, corrosion of piping, residue of banned termiticides and insecticides
(“Table of Regulated Drinking Water Contaminants,” n.d.). As for common tap water, there is public concern
over contaminants in the water (Bojorquez, 2016; “Conoce por qué no debes beber agua del caño,” 2015). In
2009 a study by the Environmental Working Group found a total of 316 contaminants in tap water, and 202 of
these had no safety standards of MCL (“National Drinking Water Database,” 2009). Other studies have looked
at the minerals or total dissolved solid (TDS) levels in drinking water. In Europe bottled water has higher
Ca2+, Mg2+ and Na+ than US tap water which translates to bottled water from Europe having higher TDS
(Azoulay et al., 2001) than US tap water. The World Health Organization (WHO) has published findings that,
low TDS, demineralized water is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular changes (on
electrocardiography), higher blood pressure, somatoform autonomic dysfunctions, headache, dizziness, and
osteoporosis over long-term consumption (Kozisek, 2003; Ong, 2009). Ultimately, the WHO offers a
comprehensive basis for determining the quality of drinking water in the Guidelines for Drinking-water
Quality 4th
Ed, and the highest quality drinking water has low contaminant levels (Ashmed, 2011).
In Lima, Perú there are many different cultural, institutional, environmental and quality complexities
concerning the state of general water access, distribution, and purification (e.g. sanitation, disinfection, etc.).
A growing and direct public health concern for urban areas with adequate quantity of water is the quality of
water. The question remains of how to introduce a PDWT effectively in Lima and whether the PDWT should
be a reverse osmosis (RO) system, an atmospheric water generator (AWG), simple carbon filter or some other
system. With new PDWT (e.g. water desalination treatment plants, RO, AWG) new public health factors
should be considered with TDS being one of these new factors recognized by the WHO. Since access to clean
drinking water is a basis of public health and a medical necessity, in a sense directly related to poverty, a
successful development program aimed at reducing poverty and its associated public health problems can
model CCTs (Rawlings, 2005). In the context of a CCT, a program condition could be to require children of
an enrolled household receive vaccinations. Other conditions, like participation in a multi-perspective
approach (e.g. scientific, historical, geographic, or gender and human rights) to learn about drinking water and
health, should be tested especially in CPATs of PDWT (“Learning about Water - Multiple-Perspective
Approaches,” 2012; Simon, n.d.). With CPATs it is possible that communities learn about the value of
purified drinking water for health, while also receiving a PDWT to serve their community and generate
income. In this sense CPATs can achieve similar ends of CCTs, while also meeting public health needs.
Methodology: The proposed fieldwork methodologies are qualitative and quantitative. (1) Free-listing and
pile sorting – participants asked to organize words or physical representations – are methods to define the
lexicon specific to a topic within a culture, and these methods determine language and terms for use in surveys,
as well as, culturally semantical aspects allowing effective structured interviews. These methods can elucidate
what CPATs mean to a Lima district population because these methods will help give meaning to aspects of
purified drinking water, public health and community economics that are valued or even understood within
each population. By limiting sampling by district, any hidden sample population factors (mainly of social-
economic nature) and water service provision factors can be controlled for with increased focus and
specificity of investigation; thus results are particular to each district’s demographic and needs. (2) Direct
observations plus structured interviews (with the same questions, in the same order, on a single rating scale)
will underpin the oral story, which will focus on the case study and the processes and challenges of
investigating phase I. The oral story will be supplemented by quantitative data and analysis of these data,
photographs and video-clips as well as schematics and diagrams. (3) The data from questionnaires and
additional survey techniques will be quantitative in nature to help understand the resources participants and
district communities have for PDWT, and price-points can serve as an estimator or proxy of personal value as
well as real financial capacity for obtaining purified drinking water. For example, a game will be played with
3. ARNOLD P GOLD GRANT PROPOSAL __ 2016 __ WRITTEN BY RICHARD ALAN RUSSELL
coins to be placed on each of the household expenses that were free listed, (including that of water if included)
to calculate the percent income spent on water. With the survey participant numbers will be as large as
possible to better represent the given district, and all participants sampled will be legal adults not from a
vulnerable population (i.e. pregnant, minors, prisoners, or as determined by the IRB of UACOM). UNMSM
students and the UACOM transfer student will collaborate in constructing the questionnaires and collecting
responses. All project collaborators interacting with human participants will comply with IRB standards. All
participants will sign a photo release for any oral story documentation. IRB approval is with receipt of award.
After the first year abroad the transfer student will be required to renew their leave status with UACOM
(approximately July 27th
, 2018) by sharing updates on enrollment status, experiences and findings with the
Student Progress Committee, a panel consisting of over 20 professionals.
Direct Patient Interaction: Extensive time will be spent in the classroom and in direct clinical settings such
as hospitals and rural clinics. During this 1.5 year-long project the UACOM transfer student will participate in
UNMSM, San Fernando course numbers 26, 27, 9, 17, 5, 19, 32, 33, 11, 35, 37, 42, 43, and 44 at UNMSM
(syllabuses available in Spanish). These courses have both didactic and clinical aspects, and the respective
titles are: un capítulo de medicina tradicional, proyecto de tesis I, sociología antropología aplicada a la
medicina (estudio independente), proyectos de investigación, historia de la medicina, ética, introduction a la
clinica, proyecto de tesis II, atencion de la salud en N1 y N2 (1) and atencion de la salud en N1 y N2 (2),
Cirujía, Medicina Legal Violencía y Certificado de Defunción, Geritatría, and the beginning portion of
Externado.
Future Research: (1) Phase I (by itself) is the first part (of three) of a proposed international public water
project. (2) The UACOM transfer student will aim to apply for dual Peruvian citizenship after the 1.5 years
abroad as well as certification of Médico Cirujano (MC), which is similar to the MD title. This experience in
whole can pave the way for additional doctors to earn international dual-degrees and invaluable experiences in
medicine, public health and research projects. It could also train future doctors in Spanish-English
bilingualism which cultivates cultural competency for a life-time. This international culture will ultimately
incubate healthcare leaders better equipped to advocate for the Pan American people’s health. (3) This grant
increases the mobility of future graduates, doctors and participants, and this will make interdisciplinary career
options around the world available. The research funded by this grant offers a profound opportunity for many
vested interests within the real work world of academia and public health medicine because it multiplies the
opportunities of those engaged in the exchange between Peru and North American.
Discussion
I have always had many interests. I earned a BS/BA triple major in mathematics with life sciences emphasis,
economics of social and behavior sciences, and molecular cellular biology, with a minor in business
administration from the University of Arizona. My undergraduate research in Oaxaca, Mexico focused on
trying to understand how education and income level relate to preference for traditional medicine versus
allopathy. This work consisted of administering questionnaires/surveys and conducting structured interviews
with doctors in numerous hospitals and clinics who generously donated their time. My experience in Oaxaca
led me to the conclusion that the exchange of information during doctor-patient interviews, along with
teaching within the pluralistic framework, would influence the long-term cultural faith in traditional and/or
allopathic medicine. And after living in Lima for the month of July 2015, I know this is how I want to spend
my time.
This entire research opportunity is based on UNESCO’s vision for higher education. If successful, I will learn
the Latin American culture in depth and be in a position to bridge relations between UACOM and UNMSM.
This will increase my mobility in life while opening my worldview to include Peruvian and North American
cultures. Since first going to Mexico, I have made Spanish fluency a major life goal. Accomplishing this goal
will both increase my confidence and allow me to enjoy the arts of both languages - arts that connect human
to human, doctor to patient. This research opportunity defines a lifetime of passion, exploration, and learning
for me. I want to inspire my future patients to face each day knowing that there are limitless opportunities for
learning and growth between our shared cultures. From Lima to Tucson, I want to live a life that inspires
others to be healthy with preventative measures like drinking clean water.
4. ARNOLD P GOLD GRANT PROPOSAL __ 2016 __ WRITTEN BY RICHARD ALAN RUSSELL
Sources
Ashmed, F., Chorus, I., Cunliffe, D., & Husman, A., et al (2011). Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality (4th
ed.). Geneva, CH: World Health Organization.
Azoulay, A., Garzon, P., & Eisenberg, M. J. (2001). Comparison of the Mineral Content of Tap Water and
Bottled Waters. J Gen Intern Med Journal of General Internal Medicine, 16(3), 168-175. Retrieved
March 7, 2016, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1495189/.
Bojorquez, M. (2016, January 29). Flint crisis raises concerns over New Orleans' water. Retrieved March 11,
2016.
Bozzo, C. (2015, May 31). Agua potable: Limeños consumen 5 veces más de lo que deberían. El Comercio.
Retrieved March 5, 2016, from http://elcomercio.pe/lima/ciudad/agua-potable-limenos-consumen-5-
veces-mas-lo-que-deberian-noticia-1815132
Conoce por qué no debes beber agua del caño. (2015). RPP Noticias. Retrieved March 13, 2016, from Conoce
por qué no debes beber agua del caño
No author listed. Published 19 February, 2015.
Decade, Water for Life, 2015, (2014). Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) (n.d.). Retrieved
March 11, 2016, from http://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/iwrm.shtml.
Ioris, A. A. (2012). The geography of multiple scarcities: Urban development and water problems in Lima,
Peru. Geoforum, 43(3), 612-622.
Ioris, A. A. (2012). The neoliberalization of water in Lima, Peru. Political Geography, 31(5), 266-278.
Kalra, N., Groves, D., Bonzanigo, L., Perez, E., Ramos, C., Brandon, C., & Cabanillas, I. (2015). Robust
Decision-Making in the Water Sector A Strategy for Implementing Lima’s Long-Term Water
Resources Master Plan (Policy Research Working Paper, pp. 1-2, Working paper No. WPS7439).
World Bank Group.
Kozisek, F. (n.d.). 12. HEALTH RISKS FROM DRINKING DEMINERALISED WATER. In National
Institute of Public Health. National Institute of Public Health Czech Republic.
From WHO's Water Sanitation Health.
Learning about Water - Multiple-Perspective Approaches (Education for Sustainable Development in Action,
Rep. No. Learning & Training Tools N°5). (2012). UNESCO Education Sector.
Lipinsky, F., Ross, K., Tashu, M., Vltyurina, S., & Fenochietto, R. (2015). PERU SELECTED ISSUES (pp.
6-11, Rep. No. IMF Country Report No. 15/134). Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund.
Report Date May 2015.
McGrath, M. (2014, December 11). Water woes in Lima: A glimpse of our future? BBC News. Retrieved
March 14, 2016, from http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-30390041
Mervin, J. (2015, October 9). In Peru water is a high price for Lima's poor. BBC News. Retrieved March 14,
2016, from http://www.bbc.com/news/business-34451418
National Drinking Water Database. (2009). Retrieved March 11, 2016, from http://www.ewg.org/tap-
water/executive-summary.php.
No author listed.
NRDS (2003), COMMON TAP WATER CONTAMINANTS Health Effects, Treatment, and
Recommendations. In NRDC The Earth´s Best Defense (What´s On Tap?).
No Author Listed, Chapter 5.
Ong, C. N., Grandjean, A., & Heaney, R. (2009). The mineral composition of water and its contribution to
calcium and magnesium intake. Geneva, CH: World Health Organization.
See chapter 3, conclusion.
Rawlings, L. B. (2005). Evaluating the Impact of Conditional Cash Transfer Programs. The World Bank
Research Observer, 20(1), 29-55.
Ringskog, K., Yepes, G., & Vásquez, R. (2007). Evaluation of Small-scale Providers of Water Supply and
Sanitation Services in Peru (Rep.). Water and Sanitation Program.
The UK Department for International Development (DFID), which finances the global project on local
domestic participation, implemented by WSP. Based on the Universal Copyright Convention, WSP
holds all the rights of this study.
Simon, Y. (n.d.). Lima Running Dry – Promoting Water Culture in the Second Driest Capital of the World.
Retrieved March 14, 2016, from https://www.wsp.org/featuresevents/features/lima-running-dry-–-
promoting-water-culture-second-driest-capital-world
5. ARNOLD P GOLD GRANT PROPOSAL __ 2016 __ WRITTEN BY RICHARD ALAN RUSSELL
Contact Email: wsplac@worldbank.org.
Table of Regulated Drinking Water Contaminants. (n.d.). Retrieved March 08, 2016, from
http://www.epa.gov/your-drinking-water/table-regulated-drinking-water-contaminants.
Water crisis in Lima. (2011, December 06). DW Made for Minds. Retrieved March 10, 2016, from
http://www.dw.com/en/water-crisis-in-lima/a-15581756
No author listed.
The World Bank. (2011, April 7). Peru/World Bank: 158 Thousand People in Northern Lima Will Benefit
From Running Water and Sewer Services [Press release]. Retrieved March 6, 2016, from
http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2011/04/07/peruworld-bank-158-thousand-people-
in-northern-lima-will-benefit-from-running-water-and-sewer-services
Press release No 2011/413/LAC.
World Bank (2015, March 10). Brazil, Colombia and Peru are among the countries of the world with the most
water. The World Bank News. Retrieved March 14, 2016, from
http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2015/03/10/brasil-colombia-peru-paises-mas-agua-
tienen-en-el-mundo
No author name.