Grammer

1. GRAMMAR
Created by:
Indra
Ramadhan
[ Nouns, Pronouns,
Verbs, Adverbs &
Adjective ]

2. THE EIGHT PARTS OF SPEECH
1. Nouns
2. Pronouns
3. Verbs
4. Adverbs
5. Adjective
6. Preposition
7.
Conjunction
8. Interjection

3. NOUNS
Noun is a word used to label people, objects,
animals, places, and abstract concepts.
1. Concrete nouns
Concrete nouns are nouns that can be seen, heard,
touched, kissed, felt. Or in other words concrete nouns are
nouns that can be perceived by human senses
Things that can be classified into concrete nouns include
people, animals, places, and objects.
 People : Asri, dentist, firefighter, man
 Animals : barracuda, gorilla, puppy, tiger
 Place : island, mountain, monument, Turkey
 Objects : cake, coffee cup, fruit, keys

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2. Abstrack Nouns
Abstract nouns are nouns that can not be
seen, heard, touched, kissed, perceived by human
senses. We can use abstract nouns to name
actions, events, ideas, thoughts, quality, and
condition.
Consider the example below:
Actions and events : childhood, Friday,
September, war
The idea : energy, freedom, idea, luck
Thoughts : anger, courage,
depression, freedom

5. PRONOUNS
Pronouns are words that are used to replace nouns
, it can be a noun humans, animals, places and abstract
concepts. The purpose of the use of pronouns can be
caused by many things such as to make it more concise, a
name is not mentioned repeatedly in a sentence and the
effectiveness of a sentence.
1. Personal Pronouns
A pronoun for people, animals, objects, or things
specifically. Form of the pronoun is dependent on the role
(subject, object, possessive), the amount, and gender of
the noun being replaced.
Example pronoun:
I, you, they, we, she, he, it, us, her, his, them, mine, yours,

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2. Demonstrative Pronoun
A pronoun that uses parameter number and distance.
Example pronoun : this, that, Reviews These, Reviews
those
3. Interrogative Pronoun
A pronoun that is used to ask a question.
Example pronoun : who, what, which, Whose, Whom
4. Relative Pronoun
A pronoun that is typically used to introduce a relative
clause that describes a noun.
Example pronoun : who, Whose, which, Whom
5. Indefinite Pronoun
A pronoun for people, objects, or things in general or
specific.

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6. Reflexive Pronoun
A pronoun that is used to express that the subject
receives the action of the verb (Reciprocal action) in a
clause or sentence.
Example pronouns : myself, yourself, itself
7. Intensive Pronoun
A pronoun that is used to give emphasis to the noun
that precedes it.
Example pronouns : myself, yourself, itself
8. Reciprocal Pronoun
A pronoun that is used in a condition when two or
more subjects perform the same actions with one another.
Example pronoun : call now of, one another

8. VERBS
Verb is a function word to indicate the action of the
subject, showing events or circumstances.
1. Transitive Verb
Verb types are classified on the presence or absence of an
object. Each verb or verb which always requires an object
in the sentence, we call Transitive Verb.
Consider the following example:
 We write a letter
 The students speak English
 A teacher Explains the English lesson
Verbs write, speak and explain the sentence above
should be given at least one object so that the overall
meaning of the sentence above bisah fully understood. So
the verb write, speak and explain the above are examples
Transitive Verb

9. 2. Intransitive Verb
Conversely, if peridiket in sutu sentence should not be
included in the object pemaknahan a sentence, the verb is called
Intransitive Verb.
Consider the following example:
 We have been standing for 2 hours
 She is sleeping soudly
 I am sitting on the chair
In the above sentence the verb standing, sleeping and siting
does not require an object in order to understand the meaning of
kaimat above. The verb is sometimes just need an adverb. So the
verb standing, sleeping and sitting above are examples Intransitive
Verb
Being able to identify two types of English verbs above is necessary
given it relates to the Passive Voice lessons Transitive Verb where
only one who may be converted into passive sentences.
In relation learn the type of text, this verb discussion will
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10. 3. Relating Verb
Relating Verb is a verb that is used to identify an object,
such as the characteristics of people, objects, animals and
places.
Examples Relating Verb : be, have, seem, Appear, Become,
get, turn, grow, Consist of, comprise, mean, Represent,
symbolize, constitute and others.
4. Linking Verb
Linking Verb is a linking verb type Subject sentence
against sutu tentetu information. So linking Ver not contain jobs
or activities undertaken subject.
Examples Linking Verb : tobe, Become, seem, Appear, feel,
grow, look, Prove, remain, smell, sound, taste, and other turn.
5. Behavioral Verb
Behavioral Verb is the type of verb that refers to the
behavior of the subject of the sentence. This is to clarify the
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11. 6. Action Verb
Action Verb is a verb that shows real activities
onshore seen ole eyes, and heard by telinga. All verbs that
give a title to the subject of the sentence in the form of
visible and audible activity by the physical senses
someone is categorized as an action verb, for example :
Write, wash, kick, pull, push, sit, stand, jump, move,
run, walk, go, eat, drink, sleep
7. Saying Verb
Saying Verb is a verb that indicates the type of an
activity reveal something through sound, as of the meaning
of the word "say" itself is "talking". Saying verb is often
used by writers and speakers in order to make variations
or selecting an article diction to avoid monotony with one
word is "say".
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12. 8. Thinking Verb
Thinking Verb is a verb that is associated with the
activity of thought and is not much related to the physical
activity of the body.
Examples Thinking Verb example ; wonder, think,
worry
9. Feeling Verb
Feeling Verb is a verb that is used exclusively for
expressing emotions in a sentence offenders.
Examples Feeling Verb ; love, hate, dilike, admire, like
prefer, enjoy respect and others.
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13. ADVERBS
Adverb is a word that serves to explain verb, adjectives,
or other adverbs.
1. Adverb of Manner
Adverb of Manner give an explanation of how or by what
means an activity carried out. Examples are sadly, happily,
bravely, hard, fast, soundly, fairly, and so on.
2. Adverb of Time
Adverb of time (time information) is a word that refers to
when something happens or is. Some words are classified as
an adverb of time is Immediately , then, now , yesterday,
Tommorow , later, daily (every day), and others.
3. Adverb of Place
Adverb of place to explain the place. Example adverb of
place is here, there, below, back, and so on.
4. Adverb of Frequency
Adverb of frequency describes how often an activity

14. 5. Adverb of certainty
Adverb of certainty explain beliefs or certainty of a thing.
Adverb example of certainty is surely, obviously, definitely,
probably, possibly, maybe, really, and doubly.
6. Adverb of Degree
Adverb of degree explain how much, to what extent, or
at what level something happens. Examples include word
adverb of degree is very, enough, rather, fairly , nearly , pretty,
and others.
7. interrogative adverb
Interrogative adverb used in the question. Examples of
these are adverbs when, where, why, and how.
8. Conjunction adverb
Conjunction adverb role linking two clauses. Examples
conjuntion adverb is however, consequently, then, next, and
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15. ADJECTIVES
Adjectives is a word used to describe nouns.
1. Descriptive Adjectives
Descriptive Adjectives is an adjective that describes the
state or shape of an object. words that are included in this
group are: beautiful ,big ,clever ,high ,low.
2. Distributive adjectives
That adjective is distributive (divided). Some examples
he says is: each ,every ,either ,Neither.
3. Possessive adjectives
That adjective stated or indicated belong (ownership).
Example: my, your, her, his, their, our, its

16. 4. Demonstrative Adjectives
That adjective is used to indicate an object.
example; This, That, Reviews These, Those
5. interrogative adjectives
That adjective used to ask an object.
example: What , Which, Whose, What color.
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6. Quantitative adjectives
That adjective used to
describe the number of objects.
example: Many (for objects that
can be calculated), Much (for
objects that can not be
calculated), A little (for objects
that can not be calculated), A few
(for objects that can be