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Parts of speech
- 1. PARTS OF SPEECH Instructor: Muhammad Saleem When we speak different kinds of words come out of tongue, we put these words in sentence according to their use. These parts are called parts of speech.
- 2. Parts of speech are the basic categories of words according to their function in a sentence. It is a category to which a word is assigned in accordance with its syntactic functions. Or Words are divided into different kinds or classes, called Parts of Speech, according to their use; that is, according to the work they do in a sentence.
- 3. The parts of speech are eight in number: 1. Noun. 2. Adjective. 3. Pronoun. 4. Verb. 5. Adverb.6. Preposition. 7. Conjunction.8. Interjection.
- 4. Noun A Noun is a word used as the name of a person, place, or thing. The word thing includes all objects that we can see, hear, taste, touch, or smell and something that we can think of, but cannot perceive by the senses. Or A noun is the name of a person, place, thing, or idea. Examples People; farmer, mechanic, father, Professor Haskins, editors, Marcia Places; ocean, Canada, porch, Spain, classroom Things; scissors, giraffe, pen, smiles, tugboat, skateboard, braces, drill
- 5. 2. Adjective The word used to add something in the meaning of noun is called adjective. Or The word used with a noun to describe or point out, the person, animal, place or thing which the noun names, or to tell the number or quantity, is called an Adjective. Examples The lazy boy was punished. The boy is lazy. Kolkata is a large city. He is an honest man.
- 6. 3. Pronoun A pronoun is a word that refers to or takes the place of a noun. OR A word that is thus used instead of a noun is called a Pronoun {Pronoun means for- a noun.] A Pronoun is a word used instead of a Noun. Examples I am young. We are young. You are young. They are young. He (she, it) is young. I, we, you, he, (she, it), they are called Personal Pronouns because they stand for the three persons.
- 7. 4. Verb A Verb is a word used to tell or assert something about some person or thing. A Verb is a word that tells or asserts something about a person or thing. Verb comes from the Latin verbum, a word. It is so called because it is the most important word in a sentence. A Verb may tell us- (1) What a person or thing does; as, Hari laughs. The clock strikes. (2) What is done to a person or thing; as, Hari is scolded. The window is broken.
- 8. . Adverbs A word that modifies the meaning of a verb, an adjective, or another Adverb is called an Adverb. The words quickly, very, and quite are, therefore, Adverbs. Def.- An Adverb is a word which modifies the meaning of a Verb, an Adjective or another Adverb. Examples She was sitting close beside him. At what hour is the sun right above us? Have you read all through this book? She was dressed all in white. He paid his debts down to the last penny.
- 9. 6.THE PREPOSITION Def.- A Preposition is a word placed before a noun or a pronoun to show in what relation the person or thing denoted by it stands in regard to something else. [The word Preposition means 'that which is placed before'.] 1. There is a cow in the field. 2. He is fond of tea. 3. The cat jumped of the chair.
- 10. 7.THE CONJUNCTION Def: - A Conjunction is a word which merely joins together sentences, and sometimes words. Conjunctions join together sentences and often make them more compact; thus Balu and Vithal, are good bowlers’ is a short way of saying 'Balu is a good bowler and Vithal is a good bowler’. So, the man is poor but honest is a contracted way of saying. 'The man is poor but he is honest. Sometimes, however the conjunction and joins words only as, Two and two make four. Hari and Rama are brothers.
- 11. 8.THE INTERJECTION Def: - An Interjection is a word which expresses some sudden feeling or emotion. Interjections may express- (1) Joy; as, Hurrah! Huzza! (2) Grief; as, alas! (3) Surprise; as, ha! What! (4) Approval; as, bravo!
- 12. Thank you