A vehicle tracking system is very useful for tracking the movement of a vehicle from any location at any time. An efficient vehicle tracking system is designed and implemented for tracking the movement of any equipped vehicle from any location at any time. The proposed system made good use of popular technology that combines a smartphone with an Arduino UNO. This easy to make and inexpensive compared to others. The designed in vehicle device works using Global Positioning System GPS and Global System for Mobile Communication GSM technology that is one of the most common ways for vehicle tracking. The device is embedded inside a vehicle those positions is to be determined and tracked in real time. An Arduino UNO is used to control the GPS receiver and GSM module. The vehicle tracking system uses the GPS module to get geographic coordinates at regular time interval. The GSM module is used to transmit and update the vehicle location to a database. This paper gives minute by minute update about vehicle location by sending SMS through GSM modem. This SMS contain latitude and longitude of the location of vehicle. Arduino UNO gets the coordinates from GPS modem and then it sends this information to user in text SMS. GSM modem is used to send this information via SMS sent to the owner of the vehicle. Location is displayed on LCD. And then Google map displays location and name of the place on cell phone. Thus, user able to continuously monitor a moving vehicle on demand using smartphone and determine the estimated distance and time for the vehicle to arrive at a given destination. Ni Ni San Hlaing | Ma Naing | San San Naing ""GPS and GSM Based Vehicle Tracking System"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23718.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/23718/gps-and-gsm-based-vehicle-tracking-system/ni-ni-san-hlaing
Vehicle Controlled with Smart Traffic Image Processing System and Accident De...ijtsrd
Road traffic congestion conditions are getting worse day by day, it is due to rapid growth of vehicle volume on roads. Therefore, the road traffic management is a major concern. Vehicles mostly uses traffic congestion .This project main aim will be to make sure that vehicles will have an pi camera that will capture the signs from a traffic signs board at a distance of 5mts between the traffic sign board and the vehicles By doing this, if the traffic sign shows the STOP sign ,the vehicle will get slow down and will not move but the engine will be ON, now when the sign shows GO then the vehicle will be able to move. Most of the times when the person who met with an accident doesn't get any help from the surrounding hence auto detection of accident and notifying the accident with the location to a victims relatives and emergency services plays a vital role in saving person's life. This paper describes the implementation of microcontroller based accident detection and notification system. The sensing unit contains accelerometer sensor which are used to detect accident of vehicle. When accident happens GPS sky trek s1315 is used to track real time location and GSM 900 is used to notify the accident via SMS. Software program developed using PYTHON coding. The proposed model is successfully implemented and tested with prototype model. Alex Abraham | Arvinth. P. R | Guru Prasad. K | Sudha. M "Vehicle Controlled with Smart Traffic Image Processing System and Accident Detector" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31082.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/31082/vehicle-controlled-with-smart-traffic-image-processing-system-and-accident-detector/alex-abraham
Advanced Vehicle Tracking system using GSM/GPRS and GPSrahulmonikasharma
Vehicle Tracker is a Universal Anti-Larceny System for all kinds of motorcycles. The gadget is inserted inside a vehicle whose position is to be resolved and followed continuously. The composed device works utilizing Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global system for mobile communication/General Packet Radio Service (GSM/GPRS) technology that is the most widely recognized courses for vehicle tracking system. GPS and high sensitivity antenna are used for effective and precise location tracking of motorcycle through mobile application. Accelerometer sensor will alert the user of a possible larceny by detecting the slightest transition of the motorcycle. Immobilizer relay to remotely enable/incapacitate motorcycle ignition. Ignition switch status monitoring is utilized to detect key insertion. Fuel level sensor used to detect fuel larceny and to determine the information about fuel level in automobile tank.
Vehicle Theft Control and Accident Location Intimation Through SMSIJMTST Journal
Human life is more valuable than anything else, timely help is more important than lending a helping hand. This project is one among those which is designed in a way to save human lives in a timely manner. In modern day vehicles, vehicle anti-theft system is of prime importance and traffic accidents are one of the leading causes of fatalities. An important indicator of survival rates after an accident is the time between the accident and when emergency medical personnel are dispatched to the accident location. By eliminating the time between when an accident occurs and when the first responders are dispatched to the scene decreases mortality rates, we can save lives. There are two main modules discussed in the project. In this project the first module is password based security system to access the vehicle. And the second one is accident location intimation through SMS by using GSM module.
Smart Security System for Automobiles using IoTijtsrd
The transportation system has been a bit of a progressing of individuals. One cannot picture the presence without vehicles. To suit the gigantic number of people, the amount of vehicles furthermore has been extended rapidly. This moreover incited an extended number of disasters. The incident evading gauges used now day by day are in general static and old. In like manner, there is no real disaster area framework. This assessment proposes Smart Vehicle Monitoring System and SVMS for the early ID of accidents and to hinder thefts. SVMS uses IoT development to screen the vehicle tenaciously and to access and control remotely. The IoT gadgets put in vehicles are organized using Raspberry Pi RPi that knows about sensors to distinguish incidents immediately. The RPi is moreover acquainted with a camera to find the earnestness of the setback. To recognize the earnestness, SVMS uses an AI based picture request model. Right when the setbacks happen the SVMS remembers it expeditiously and finds the reality of the accident. By then, the system will instantly light up that to the authorities. The SVMS is furthermore acquainted with the GPS structure. This will allow the SVMS to continually screen the territory of the vehicle. This data will be used to find the region of the vehicle during a disaster or theft. The results of the SVMS system were promising similarly as gainfully recognizing the setbacks, finding the earnestness of accident and perceiving the territory of the vehicle. Shreya Madhukar Shirke "Smart Security System for Automobiles using IoT" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30367.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/30367/smart-security-system-for-automobiles-using-iot/shreya-madhukar-shirke
Vehicle Monitoring and Tracking System based on ARM7 and Android ApplicationIJMTST Journal
A vehicle monitoring and tracking system gives the better solutions in the security issues of various applications. Based on ARM7 and android application is designed and implemented for monitoring the vehicle based on location. Security to this system can be provided using finger print module for authentication purpose. The vehicle will be started only when the authorized person enters into the vehicle and provides finger print to biometric device so that by using this authentication process we can avoid misusing of vehicle and thefts. The GPS is a one of location reorganization technology that is used in several applications. GPS is also used for vehicle tracking and monitoring. The tracking system of our proposed system informs the location and route travelled by vehicle and also the GSM technology is used for sending alert message to mobile. In our proposed system we are making use of LPG Gas leakage sensor MQ2 and temperature sensor LM35 to provide a safety for the travelers.
Fingerprint Based Smart Pay and Accident Alert SystemIJTET Journal
Over the last few decades, the usage of public transportation is attracted by most of the people. The increase in passenger count has made ticket ending and vehicular monitoring a complex task. In addition to this, frequent accidents occur due to overload of passengers and these accidents are not cognizant to the rescuers. Therefore advancement in technology could be instigated to overcome these issues. This system is an advanced approach to the existing system of ticketing through RFID cards. The fingerprint based smart pay and accident alert is the proposed system wherein ticketing is automated and the travelling cost is debited from the concerned bank or the suggested system where the user holds an account. To avoid illegal entry, the passenger count is monitored with the effective utilization of IR sensor. The ignition of the vehicle is stopped whenever the passenger count exceeds the maximum value. The accident alert system finds its application in the proposed methodology with the support of GPS and GSM. Whenever an accident occurs, the location of the vehicle will be sent as a message with a link provided to the emergency vehicles, control room and a private message will be sent to the trusted contact of each of the passengers. Thereby many fellow lives could be saved. This system would also be an excellent replacement to the traditional ticketing system.
Vehicle Controlled with Smart Traffic Image Processing System and Accident De...ijtsrd
Road traffic congestion conditions are getting worse day by day, it is due to rapid growth of vehicle volume on roads. Therefore, the road traffic management is a major concern. Vehicles mostly uses traffic congestion .This project main aim will be to make sure that vehicles will have an pi camera that will capture the signs from a traffic signs board at a distance of 5mts between the traffic sign board and the vehicles By doing this, if the traffic sign shows the STOP sign ,the vehicle will get slow down and will not move but the engine will be ON, now when the sign shows GO then the vehicle will be able to move. Most of the times when the person who met with an accident doesn't get any help from the surrounding hence auto detection of accident and notifying the accident with the location to a victims relatives and emergency services plays a vital role in saving person's life. This paper describes the implementation of microcontroller based accident detection and notification system. The sensing unit contains accelerometer sensor which are used to detect accident of vehicle. When accident happens GPS sky trek s1315 is used to track real time location and GSM 900 is used to notify the accident via SMS. Software program developed using PYTHON coding. The proposed model is successfully implemented and tested with prototype model. Alex Abraham | Arvinth. P. R | Guru Prasad. K | Sudha. M "Vehicle Controlled with Smart Traffic Image Processing System and Accident Detector" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31082.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/31082/vehicle-controlled-with-smart-traffic-image-processing-system-and-accident-detector/alex-abraham
Advanced Vehicle Tracking system using GSM/GPRS and GPSrahulmonikasharma
Vehicle Tracker is a Universal Anti-Larceny System for all kinds of motorcycles. The gadget is inserted inside a vehicle whose position is to be resolved and followed continuously. The composed device works utilizing Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global system for mobile communication/General Packet Radio Service (GSM/GPRS) technology that is the most widely recognized courses for vehicle tracking system. GPS and high sensitivity antenna are used for effective and precise location tracking of motorcycle through mobile application. Accelerometer sensor will alert the user of a possible larceny by detecting the slightest transition of the motorcycle. Immobilizer relay to remotely enable/incapacitate motorcycle ignition. Ignition switch status monitoring is utilized to detect key insertion. Fuel level sensor used to detect fuel larceny and to determine the information about fuel level in automobile tank.
Vehicle Theft Control and Accident Location Intimation Through SMSIJMTST Journal
Human life is more valuable than anything else, timely help is more important than lending a helping hand. This project is one among those which is designed in a way to save human lives in a timely manner. In modern day vehicles, vehicle anti-theft system is of prime importance and traffic accidents are one of the leading causes of fatalities. An important indicator of survival rates after an accident is the time between the accident and when emergency medical personnel are dispatched to the accident location. By eliminating the time between when an accident occurs and when the first responders are dispatched to the scene decreases mortality rates, we can save lives. There are two main modules discussed in the project. In this project the first module is password based security system to access the vehicle. And the second one is accident location intimation through SMS by using GSM module.
Smart Security System for Automobiles using IoTijtsrd
The transportation system has been a bit of a progressing of individuals. One cannot picture the presence without vehicles. To suit the gigantic number of people, the amount of vehicles furthermore has been extended rapidly. This moreover incited an extended number of disasters. The incident evading gauges used now day by day are in general static and old. In like manner, there is no real disaster area framework. This assessment proposes Smart Vehicle Monitoring System and SVMS for the early ID of accidents and to hinder thefts. SVMS uses IoT development to screen the vehicle tenaciously and to access and control remotely. The IoT gadgets put in vehicles are organized using Raspberry Pi RPi that knows about sensors to distinguish incidents immediately. The RPi is moreover acquainted with a camera to find the earnestness of the setback. To recognize the earnestness, SVMS uses an AI based picture request model. Right when the setbacks happen the SVMS remembers it expeditiously and finds the reality of the accident. By then, the system will instantly light up that to the authorities. The SVMS is furthermore acquainted with the GPS structure. This will allow the SVMS to continually screen the territory of the vehicle. This data will be used to find the region of the vehicle during a disaster or theft. The results of the SVMS system were promising similarly as gainfully recognizing the setbacks, finding the earnestness of accident and perceiving the territory of the vehicle. Shreya Madhukar Shirke "Smart Security System for Automobiles using IoT" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30367.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/30367/smart-security-system-for-automobiles-using-iot/shreya-madhukar-shirke
Vehicle Monitoring and Tracking System based on ARM7 and Android ApplicationIJMTST Journal
A vehicle monitoring and tracking system gives the better solutions in the security issues of various applications. Based on ARM7 and android application is designed and implemented for monitoring the vehicle based on location. Security to this system can be provided using finger print module for authentication purpose. The vehicle will be started only when the authorized person enters into the vehicle and provides finger print to biometric device so that by using this authentication process we can avoid misusing of vehicle and thefts. The GPS is a one of location reorganization technology that is used in several applications. GPS is also used for vehicle tracking and monitoring. The tracking system of our proposed system informs the location and route travelled by vehicle and also the GSM technology is used for sending alert message to mobile. In our proposed system we are making use of LPG Gas leakage sensor MQ2 and temperature sensor LM35 to provide a safety for the travelers.
Fingerprint Based Smart Pay and Accident Alert SystemIJTET Journal
Over the last few decades, the usage of public transportation is attracted by most of the people. The increase in passenger count has made ticket ending and vehicular monitoring a complex task. In addition to this, frequent accidents occur due to overload of passengers and these accidents are not cognizant to the rescuers. Therefore advancement in technology could be instigated to overcome these issues. This system is an advanced approach to the existing system of ticketing through RFID cards. The fingerprint based smart pay and accident alert is the proposed system wherein ticketing is automated and the travelling cost is debited from the concerned bank or the suggested system where the user holds an account. To avoid illegal entry, the passenger count is monitored with the effective utilization of IR sensor. The ignition of the vehicle is stopped whenever the passenger count exceeds the maximum value. The accident alert system finds its application in the proposed methodology with the support of GPS and GSM. Whenever an accident occurs, the location of the vehicle will be sent as a message with a link provided to the emergency vehicles, control room and a private message will be sent to the trusted contact of each of the passengers. Thereby many fellow lives could be saved. This system would also be an excellent replacement to the traditional ticketing system.
Design and Implementation of Alcohol Detector and Accident Detection System u...ijtsrd
Nowadays, the number of vehicles is increasing significantly every year. Many accidents are occurring because of the alcohol consumption of the driver. After drinking alcohol, driving is the most reason for accidents in almost all countries all over the world. Therefore, alcohol detection system and automatic finding car accident place using GSM modem and GPS are presented in this paper. The combination purpose of alcohol detection and car accident detection systems is to save human life. If the car driver drinks alcohol, the alcohol sensor will sense alcohol concentration, will display it on the LCD and will turn off the car engine. In the accident detection system, the vibration sensor senses vibration when an accident occurs. If the sensor senses the car accident, the vibration sensor will give the digital output to the microcontroller. By using the GPS module, the latitude and longitude of the place where the accident happened are sent by message to the assigned phone number through the SIM900 GSM Modem. By implementation of this system, human beings can be protected from harm and other non desirable outcomes on road accidents. Daw Khaing Zar Win "Design and Implementation of Alcohol Detector and Accident Detection System using GSM Modem" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26595.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/26595/design-and-implementation-of-alcohol-detector-and-accident-detection-system-using-gsm-modem/daw-khaing-zar-win
The main objective of our project is to provide an optimum solution to the traffic hazards and the road accidents. According to this project when a vehicle meets with an accident, immediately vibration sensor will detect the signal and sends it to ARM controller. Microcontroller sends the alert message through the GSM MODEM including the location to police control room or a rescue team. So the police can immediately trace the location through the GPS MODEM after receiving the information.
IoT BASED VEHICLE TRACKING AND TRAFFIC SURVIELLENCE SYSTEMjohn solomon j
ii
ABSTRACT GPS is one of the technologies that are used in a huge number of applications today. One of the applications is tracking your vehicle and keeps regular monitoring on them. This tracking system can inform you the location and route travelled by vehicle, and that information can be observed from any other remote location. It also includes the web application that provides you exact location of target and the exact speed the vehicle is moving which is used to generate bills for over speeding automatically. This system enables us to track target in any weather conditions. This system uses GPS and Zigbee technologies. This includes the hardware part which comprises of GPS, Zigbee, ATmega microcontroller and software part is used for interfacing all the required modules and a web application is also developed at the client side and visualize data from IoT. Main objective is to design a system that can be easily installed and to provide platform for further enhancement. KEYWORDS GPS, ZigBee, Tracking System, IoT
iii
Remote operated spy robot vehicle can be controlled by using a wireless remote controller. It can capture audio and video information from the surroundings and can be sent to a remote station through RF signals. The maximum range is 125meters. It overcomes the limited range of infrared remote controllers. HT12e encoder, HT12d decoder, RF433MHz transmitter and receiver modules are used for the spy robot and the remote control. H Bridge circuits are used to drive two 12V motors. By pressing any key in remote controller, the HT12e encoder generates 8 address bit and 4 data bit. The RF module transmitter sent them and RF module receiver receives. And then HT12d decoder decodes the data and generates the output signals to control the L293D motor driver which then rotates the motors and wheels of spy robot vehicle. In this research, DC power supply is taken from the battery placed on the robot. The camera is placed on spy robot. Its audio and video output signals are directly sends from a SIM router. These information are received and caught to a phone, PC or TV in the remote station through internet. Khine Myint Mon | Lei Lei Hnin | Aye Sandar Aung | Ye Mann Aung "Remote Operated Spy Robot Vehicle" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26801.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/26801/remote-operated-spy-robot-vehicle/khine-myint-mon
Automatic Car Theft Detection System Based on GPS and GSM Technologyijtsrd
An efficient automotive security system is implemented for anti theft using an embedded system integrated with Global Positioning System GPS and Global System for Mobile Communication GSM. System presented has Two types of tracking, one is online tracking with GPS system can only receive the vehicle location information from satellites and other is offline tracking. GSM system is installed in the vehicle for sending the information to the owner of the vehicle. The preventive measures like engine ignition cutoff is installed in the vehicle which is controlled using user or owner GSM mobile. The owner can lock or unlock his her vehicle with the help of SMS. The system is implemented on general purpose printed circuit board PCB Using Arduino. Sandeep Singh | Poonam Kumari ""Automatic Car Theft Detection System Based on GPS and GSM Technology"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23867.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/23867/automatic-car-theft-detection-system-based-on-gps-and-gsm-technology/sandeep-singh
Design and Implementation of Alcohol Detector and Accident Detection System u...ijtsrd
Nowadays, the number of vehicles is increasing significantly every year. Many accidents are occurring because of the alcohol consumption of the driver. After drinking alcohol, driving is the most reason for accidents in almost all countries all over the world. Therefore, alcohol detection system and automatic finding car accident place using GSM modem and GPS are presented in this paper. The combination purpose of alcohol detection and car accident detection systems is to save human life. If the car driver drinks alcohol, the alcohol sensor will sense alcohol concentration, will display it on the LCD and will turn off the car engine. In the accident detection system, the vibration sensor senses vibration when an accident occurs. If the sensor senses the car accident, the vibration sensor will give the digital output to the microcontroller. By using the GPS module, the latitude and longitude of the place where the accident happened are sent by message to the assigned phone number through the SIM900 GSM Modem. By implementation of this system, human beings can be protected from harm and other non desirable outcomes on road accidents. Daw Khaing Zar Win "Design and Implementation of Alcohol Detector and Accident Detection System using GSM Modem" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26595.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/26595/design-and-implementation-of-alcohol-detector-and-accident-detection-system-using-gsm-modem/daw-khaing-zar-win
The main objective of our project is to provide an optimum solution to the traffic hazards and the road accidents. According to this project when a vehicle meets with an accident, immediately vibration sensor will detect the signal and sends it to ARM controller. Microcontroller sends the alert message through the GSM MODEM including the location to police control room or a rescue team. So the police can immediately trace the location through the GPS MODEM after receiving the information.
IoT BASED VEHICLE TRACKING AND TRAFFIC SURVIELLENCE SYSTEMjohn solomon j
ii
ABSTRACT GPS is one of the technologies that are used in a huge number of applications today. One of the applications is tracking your vehicle and keeps regular monitoring on them. This tracking system can inform you the location and route travelled by vehicle, and that information can be observed from any other remote location. It also includes the web application that provides you exact location of target and the exact speed the vehicle is moving which is used to generate bills for over speeding automatically. This system enables us to track target in any weather conditions. This system uses GPS and Zigbee technologies. This includes the hardware part which comprises of GPS, Zigbee, ATmega microcontroller and software part is used for interfacing all the required modules and a web application is also developed at the client side and visualize data from IoT. Main objective is to design a system that can be easily installed and to provide platform for further enhancement. KEYWORDS GPS, ZigBee, Tracking System, IoT
iii
Remote operated spy robot vehicle can be controlled by using a wireless remote controller. It can capture audio and video information from the surroundings and can be sent to a remote station through RF signals. The maximum range is 125meters. It overcomes the limited range of infrared remote controllers. HT12e encoder, HT12d decoder, RF433MHz transmitter and receiver modules are used for the spy robot and the remote control. H Bridge circuits are used to drive two 12V motors. By pressing any key in remote controller, the HT12e encoder generates 8 address bit and 4 data bit. The RF module transmitter sent them and RF module receiver receives. And then HT12d decoder decodes the data and generates the output signals to control the L293D motor driver which then rotates the motors and wheels of spy robot vehicle. In this research, DC power supply is taken from the battery placed on the robot. The camera is placed on spy robot. Its audio and video output signals are directly sends from a SIM router. These information are received and caught to a phone, PC or TV in the remote station through internet. Khine Myint Mon | Lei Lei Hnin | Aye Sandar Aung | Ye Mann Aung "Remote Operated Spy Robot Vehicle" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26801.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/26801/remote-operated-spy-robot-vehicle/khine-myint-mon
Automatic Car Theft Detection System Based on GPS and GSM Technologyijtsrd
An efficient automotive security system is implemented for anti theft using an embedded system integrated with Global Positioning System GPS and Global System for Mobile Communication GSM. System presented has Two types of tracking, one is online tracking with GPS system can only receive the vehicle location information from satellites and other is offline tracking. GSM system is installed in the vehicle for sending the information to the owner of the vehicle. The preventive measures like engine ignition cutoff is installed in the vehicle which is controlled using user or owner GSM mobile. The owner can lock or unlock his her vehicle with the help of SMS. The system is implemented on general purpose printed circuit board PCB Using Arduino. Sandeep Singh | Poonam Kumari ""Automatic Car Theft Detection System Based on GPS and GSM Technology"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23867.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/23867/automatic-car-theft-detection-system-based-on-gps-and-gsm-technology/sandeep-singh
In highly populated countries, people lose their lives because of accidents and poor emergency facilities every day. These lives could have been saved if medical facilities are provided at the right time. This thesis implies a system which is a solution to this drawback, when a vehicle meets with an accident immediately, accelerometer module detects the signal, and it is sent to the Arduino microcontroller programmed by C programming language. Arduino sends an alert message through the GSM module including the location to the police station or a rescue team. So the police can immediately trace the location through the GPS modem after receiving the information. LCD is used to display location message from GPS module. The system is simulated and practically designed by the use of required hardware components and the results are satisfied with the expectation. Yu Yu Mon Win | Moe Myint Aung | Thin Thin "Accident Detection System using Arduino Uno" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd27840.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/27840/accident-detection-system-using-arduino-uno/yu-yu-mon-win
A GPS tracking system is a common way of getting real-time vehicle location data. GPS technology is often employed in modern car tracking systems, however other forms of autonomous vehicle location technologies can also be used. A GPS tracking system comprised of hardware, open-source software, a web server, and an easy-to-manage user interface via a web server with Google Map was presented. The goal of this project is to develop and build a hand-held wireless GPS tracking device that can be tracked remotely via the Internet. There are three parts to this research. A mobile device with GPS and a wireless Internet connection is the first component. Our hardware project, which contains an LCD, GPS, GSM, Arduino Uno, and sensor linked to service, is the second portion.
IJRET-V1I1P4 - Vehicle Tracking System Using GPS Tracking MethodISAR Publications
A vehicle tracking system is an electronic device installed in a vehicle to enable the owner
or a third party to track the vehicle's location.Multi-tracking system is a real time tracking platform
which uses integration of technologies such as GPS.The device installed in the vehicle
continuously moves and other related information at each position and then transmit to tracking
server, thus storing it in the database. Currently almost of the public having an own vehicle, theft is
happening on parking and sometimes driving insecurity places. The safe of vehicles is extremely
essential for public vehicles. As more devices become GPS enabled, accuracy will increase and the
system's scale and global reach will benefit everyone. Wireless technology promises to be a key
element in any long-term solution. This design will continuously monitor a moving Vehicle and
report the status of the Vehicle on demand
Keywords — GPS Tracking System, Vehicle Tracker , Security System .
Here we are making a project which just traces our vehicle location, in terms of its precise latitude and longitude and then send it to a mobile number (as per our requirement). This project consists of three main devices which are :- (i) Arduino UNO, (ii) GPS module (Neo-6M), & (iii) GSM- 900A.These all three devices will be going to be installed in the vehicle to which we want to trace. Initially what happened that we make a program in arduino (in C language) regarding interfacing the GSM device and GPS device. And we also set a mobile number in the program as per our need, on which we get the info regarding its (vehicle’s) location. First of all we make a call to the mobile number which has been installed in the GSM module and then after some specific delay (as per mentioned in the program) we get a sms regarding the exact latitude and longitude of the vehicle. It is done in a way that GPS device is continuously receiving the location of the vehicle from the satellite and then transferring to the arduino board, from where we send it to the required mobile no. And hence in this way we can easily get info regarding the exact location of the vehicle. Once the message has been sent to the predefined mobile no. the GSM gets deactivated and the GPS gets activated. Thus we can easily trace our vehicle. Vehicle Tracking System (VTS) is the technology used to determine the location of a vehicle using different methods like GPS and other radio navigation systems operating through satellites and ground based stations. This system is an important tool for tracking each vehicle at a given period of time and now it is becoming increasingly popular for people having expensive cars and hence as theft prevention and retrieval device.
Anti-Theft Protection of Vehicle by GSM & GPS with Fingerprint VerificationIJAEMSJORNAL
This paper focuses on preventing car theft using microcontrollers and GSM modules. We are generating the results with better accuracy and proficiency. It can be helpful to those people who want better and more advanced security in their vehicle.
The paper describe a practical model for routing and tracking of mobile vehicles in a large area outdoor environment based on the Global positioning system (GPS) and Global system for mobile communication (GSM). The supporting device GPS continuously move with the car and will calculate the co-ordinates of each position and when required by the owner it can be communicated with the help of GSM modem which is installed in both Transmitter and receiver section. GSM modem is controlled by a 32 bit ARM7 LPC2148. The device will collect position to supervised center by the SMS (Short Message Service) or GPRS (General Package radio service) and which can be located in the Google Earth and so the current position of the car can be known.
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID - IJTSRD23718 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun 2019 Page: 272
particular mobile indicating the position of the vehicle in
terms of latitude and longitude when a request by user is
sent to the number at the modem. A program has been
developed that it is used to locate the exact position of the
vehicle and also true navigated track of the moving vehicle
on Google map.
GPS
Module
Arduino UNO GSM Module Mobile
LCD
Fig1: Block Diagram of GPS and GSM Based Vehicle
Tracking System
The flowchart shown in Fig.2 is for the operation of the
system. In this system, Arduino UNO is used as the main of
control system. LCD is displaying “HI” when the system is
started. After initialize message track was sent from user to
GSM module in this system, Arduino find track and LCD was
displayed tracking. And then, software serial was printed
vehicle location of user latitude and longitude. At the time,
LCD was displayed vehicle location latitude and longitude
and message send. If GPS module was not received the
signal, GSM module send the message to the owner as the
owner’s car location is latitude 00.00 and longitude 00.00.
Therefore, the users have to wait received signal from GPS
satellite.
Start
Initialize GPS
and GSM on
Show LCD HI
Check for GPS
Get coordinates from
satellite
Sent latitude and
longitude via GSM
Sent SMS
Sent vehicle location to
user via SMS
Show LCD Message
Sent
Exit
InvalidYes
No
No
Yes
Fig 2: Flowchart of Vehicle Tracking System
III. Implementation
A. Software Implementation for GSM Module
In programming for GSM moduleincludelibrariesand define
software serial communication. Software serial library is
used to allow serial communication on pin 10 and 9. In the
next line, they create a constructor of softwareserial with
name myserial and pass the digital pin numbers as
parameters. The actual formatislikesoftwareserialmyserial
(Rx, Tx). It gets to the configuration part of program inside
setup. The first task is to set baud rates of softwareserial
library to communicate with GSM module. This by invoking
myserial.begin function. The second task is to set the baud
rate of Arduino IDE’s serial monitor. It makes this by
invoking Serial.begin function. Both have to set at the same
baud rate and the user use 9600 bits/second in this
operation. Configuration part is over withsettingbaud rates
and it good to give a small delay of 100 milli seconds.Itget to
the actual program inside loop(). To make things simpler, It
have developed a user input based program. The program
seeks user input via serial monitor of Arduino. If the input is
“s” the program invoked function to send an SMS from GSM
module. If the user input is “r”, the program invoked the
function to receive a live SMS from GSM module and display
it on serial monitor of Arduino. The whole program is as
simple.
Fig 3: GSM Module Send SMS
Fig 4: Serial Monitor for GSM Module Send SMS
Fig 5: Send and Receive SMS of GSM Module
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID - IJTSRD23718 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun 2019 Page: 273
Fig 6: Serial Monitor for GSM Module Receive SMS
B. Software Implementation for GPS Module
The programming language is written as the simplest form
so that it is nothing to have any problem to understand. In
programming for GPS module include libraries and define
softwareserial communication.SoftwareSerialLibrary(SSL)
is used to allow serial communication on pin 3 and 4. The
setup function for the GPS module is declared the Tx and Rx
pin of the GPS module is input by using serial.begin and also
declared ss.begin to show the result on the serial monitor.
Serial.begin(9600);ss.begin(9600);The loopfunctionforthe
GPS module includes reading theinputpinand triggeringthe
output by using ss.available. While compare by using
ss.available() greaterthan 0,gps.encodereadsoftwareserial
by using ss.read(). If GPS module reached a new place, the
new location is updated by using “gps.location.isUpdated()”.
Fig 7: Software Implement for GPS Module
Fig 8: Serial Monitor for GPS Module
C. Software Implementationfor VehicleTracking System
In programming include libraries and define pins for LCD
and software serial communication. Also define some
variable with arrays for storing data. Software serial library
is used to allow serial communication on pin 4 and 3.
TinyGPS” gps is used for storing received messagefromGSM
module and float latt, lonn is used for storing GPS string.
After it have initialized serial communication, LCD, GSM and
GPS module in setup function and showed a welcome
message on LCD. In loop function the system receives
message and GPS string.Initialization function is used for
initializing and configuring the GSM Module, GSM module is
checked whether it is connected or not by sending AT
command to GSM module. If response OK is received, means
it is ready. System keeps checking for the module until it
becomes ready or until OK is received. Then echo is turned
OFF by sending the “ATE0” command, otherwise GSM
module will echo all the commands. Then finally Network
availability is checked through the AT+CPIN? command, if
inserted card is SIM card and PIN is present, it gives the
response +CPIN: READY. This is also check repeatedly until
the network is found
Fig 9: Software Implement for GPS and GSM Based Vehicle
Tracking System
D. Implementation by Hardware
Fig 9: Overall Circuit Diagram of the system
This paper consists of GPS receiver and GSM modem with an
Arduino UNO. Tx pin of GPS receiver is directly connected to
digital pin 5 of Arduino and Rx pin of GPS receiver is also
directly connected to digital pin 4 of Arduino. By using
software serial library, that has allowed serial
4. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID - IJTSRD23718 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun 2019 Page: 274
communication on pin 5 and pin 4,and madethemRxand Tx
respectively. By default pin 0 and pin 1 of Arduino are used
for serial communication but by using software serial
library, it allows serial communication on other digital pins
of the Arduino. GPS module is powered by 5V. GSM module
of Tx pin is directly connected to Rx pin of Arduino and Rx
pin of is also directly connected to Tx pin of Arduino. GSM
module is also powered by 5V. An optional data pin of LCD
D4, D5, D6 and D7 are connected to pin number 8, 9, 10, and
11 of Arduino. Command pin RS and EN of LCD are
connected with pin number 6 and 7ofArduinoandRW pinis
directly connected with ground.A potentiometerisalsoused
for setting contrast or brightness of LCD. Arduino is used for
controlling whole the process with a GPS receiver and GSM
module. GPS receiver is used for detectingcoordinatesofthe
vehicle, GSM module is used for sending the coordinates to
user by SMS. And optional 16x2 LCD is also used for
displaying status messages or coordinates. When the
hardware design ready with programming, it installs in
vehicle and power it up. Then user just needs to send a SMS,
track, to the system that is placed in user’s vehicle. Send
message is received by GSM module which is connected to
the system and sends message data to Arduino. Arduino
reads it and extract main message from the whole message.
And then compare it with predefined message in Arduino. If
any match occurs then Arduino reads coordinates by
extracting $GPGGA string from GPS module data and send it
to user by using GSM module. This message contains the
coordinates of vehicle location latitude and longitude.LCDis
displaying “HI” when the system is started. After initialize
message track was sent from user to GSM module in this
system, Arduino find track and LCD was displayed tracking.
And then, software serialwasprinted vehiclelocation of user
latitude and longitude. At the time, LCD was displayed
vehicle location latitude and longitude and message send. If
GPS module was not received the signal, GSM module send
the message to the owner as the owner’s car location is
latitude 00.00 and longitude 00.00. Therefore,theusers have
to wait received signal from GPS satellite.
IV. Results
In this paper, GSM module used to send and receivemessage
from another GSM number. If the owner of the vehiclewants
to know their vehicle location, they have to send find
message firstly. At that time, GSM module was working to
send back to the owner mobile phone number. In this thesis,
GPS module also contains so that message contains the
location of their vehicle latitude and longitude. If the owner
wants to see on Google map, it shows the location of their
vehicle. Therefore, the user easily knows their vehicle
location when the vehicle was stolen. If the nothing message
is sending the owner, the operation is performed according
to the code so LCD was displaying “HI”. Firstly, this system
had to wait a little second to active GSM module and GPS
module. After active system, it had to show the result on
serial monitor.
Fig 10: Result for the Active System
Fig 11: Result for Find Location
Fig 12: Result for GPS and GSM Based Vehicle Tracking
System
Fig 13: Result for Showing Location of Vehicle on LCD
5. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID - IJTSRD23718 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun 2019 Page: 275
Fig 14: Result for the GSM Module Send SMS to the Owner
Fig 15: Result for the Vehicle Tracking System
Fig 16: Result for the Vehicle Location on Google Map
V. Conclusion
Tracking system is nowadays the most importantsystem for
the person, they want their car security in efficient hands
this is the main reason. So the vehicle tracking system are
getting popular day by day not only in metropolitan areas
but also in small cities. This system is completely integrated
and it becomes possible to the user to track their car very
easily at any time and from anywhere. As the vehicle theft is
increasing day by day but due to this people wasn’t avoid
uying vehicles but they found an efficient way to keepan eye
on their vehicle without being very close to them. These
systems keep a good control on the thefts and help avoiding
them to some extent. Basically in all these systems the GPS
and GSM are used to track the vehicle. Using this system the
user determine the position of the vehicle, and the distance
completed by it. The user is able to access the position of
their vehicle at any instant of time. This system is reliable
any very secure. Upgrading this setup is very easy which
makes it open to future requirements without the need of
rebuilding everything from scratch, which also makes it
more efficient.GSM module used in this paper to send and
receive SMS. GSM module can supported 2G, 3G and 4G but
only 2G can supported in this country. Because each country
used different frequencies bands for GSM sim 900A.So,MPT
and telenor were used and ooredoo and mytelwerenotused
in this thesis. And then GSM module can also interfaced with
Arduino when using AT command. Adding that, GPS module
was not get the signal from GPS Satellite easily.
VI. REFERENCES
[1] Roland Pelayo, GSM SIM 900A with Arduino, March 16,
2018
[2] Akriti Gupta, Jessica Saini, Mayank Agarwal, Android
App Based Vehicle Tracking Using Gps And Gsm,
Septmber, 2017
[3] Ruchir Sharma, what is GPS, August, 2017
[4] Saddam, Arduino Based Vehicle Tracker Using GPS and
GSM, March 03, 2016
[5] Ajish Alfred, Interface GSM Module with Arduino,
February 20, 2015
[6] B.Aswinth Raj, 16x2 LCD Display, October 24, 2015
[7] Allison M.Okamura, Arduino Programming Language,
201