The document discusses different aspects of government including definitions, levels of government in India, types of governments, and key terms. It provides information on:
- The three levels of government in India: national, state, and local.
- The main types of governments: democracy, monarchy, and dictatorship. Democracy includes direct and indirect (representative) systems.
- Key terms and concepts in government like laws, representative democracy, elections, and universal adult franchise.
it is good for the college and school students who wants to describe the basic terms of democracy aspects why it is necessary, kinds of democracy, devices of direct democracy merits and demerits etc
it is good for the college and school students who wants to describe the basic terms of democracy aspects why it is necessary, kinds of democracy, devices of direct democracy merits and demerits etc
Types of the political system
There are different states and governments around the world. In this context, the state is a political entity in which power and authority reside. This unit can be an entire country or a subdivision within a country. As such, countries of the world are sometimes called states (or nations), as are subdivisions within nations such as California, New York, and Texas in the United States.
Government means the people who direct a nation's political affairs, but it can also mean the rules by which a country is run. Another term for this second meaning of government is a political system, which we use here with the government. The type of government people lives in intensely impacts their freedom, happiness, and even lives. So let us take a quick look at the major political systems in the world today.
1 Democracy
The type of government we are most familiar with is a democracy, a political system in which citizens directly or indirectly govern themselves. The term democracy comes from Greek and means "rule by the people." In Lincoln's moving words in the Gettysburg Address, democracy is "government of the people, by the people, for the people." In a direct (or pure) democracy, people make decisions about policies and resource allocations that directly affect them.
An example of such democracy is the New England Town Meeting, where townspeople meet yearly to vote on budgets and other issues. However, direct democracy is unrealistic when the population exceeds a few hundred. So representative democracy is much more common. In this type of democracy, people elect civil servants to represent them in parliamentary votes on issues that affect the public.
Wajid khan explains that In large societies, representative democracy is more practical than direct democracy, but political scientists cite another advantage of representative democracy. It ensures, at least in theory, that the individuals who govern society and contribute to its functioning possess the right talents, skills, and knowledge.
In this way of thinking, the masses are too ignorant, uneducated, and apathetic to run society independently. In this way, representative democracy is "Cream at the top." Those who enable and govern societies are best suited to carry out this vital task (Seward, 2010). While this argument has many merits, it is also true that many of those elected to office are either impotent or corrupt.
Regardless of our political leanings, Americans can think of many politicians who fit these labels, from presidents to local civil servants. As Chapter 14, Politics and Government, Section 14.4, "U.S. Politics," discusses political lobbying, elected officials are unduly influenced by campaign funds from corporations and other interest groups. You may receive it. As far as this influence goes, representative democracy falls short of the ideals proclaimed by political theorists.
A defining feature of representative democracy is voting in elections
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June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
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The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
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• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
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3. GOVERNMENT
Government: Government is “the organization, that is the governing
authority of a political unit”, “the ruling power in political society” and the
apparatus through which a governing body functions and exercises authority
4. Levels of Government: India is a representative democracy where people are
eligible ‘to vote, elect representatives and participate in the decisions making the
process. The government works at different levels: national, state and local level.
National Level: It refers to the area of the government which is concerned with
national issues such as taxation, defense, international relations and trade.
State Level: Each of the State Governments has its own police force, education
system and road laws.
Local Level: The local governments are known as Panchayats in rural areas and
Municipal Corporations, Municipalities and Nagar Panchayats in urban areas.
6. GOVERNMENTS TYPES
Governments can be classified into several types. Some of the most common
types of governments are a democracy, monarchy and dictatorship etc.
https://youtu.be/TFpFtaIZjts
7. Democracy: It is a form of government run by elected representatives who
hold the decision making power. The word ‘democracy’ originates from the
Greek words ‘demos’ and ‘krotos’, meaning “rule of the people.” It can be
classified into direct and indirect democracy.
Monarchy: A monarchy refers to the rule by a king or queen. Sometimes, a
king is called an “emperor”. It is a government with a hereditary head of the
state. It can be classified into two types, i.e., absolute and constitutional
monarchy.
Dictatorship: A form of government in which one person or a small group
possesses absolute power without effective constitutional limitations.
8. There are some types of government, like the democratic, monarch,
dictatorship etc. In a democracy (like India), the people elect the government
themselves by voting in the election. In a monarchy, the king/queen has the
power to make decisions and no one from the citizens can object to them.
9. The basic idea of democracy is that people rule themselves by taking part in
the law-making.
Nowadays, democratic governments are better known as ‘representative
democracies’. People do not participate directly. They choose their
representatives during elections and these representatives come together for
the decision-making process. All adults in the country are eligible to vote
according to the universal adult franchise.
10. Key Definitions found in Government
Laws: The rules laid down by the government for the proper functioning of
the country are called laws.
Representative Democracy: A form of democracy in which people do not
elect the government directly but only choose their representative, who
collectively form a government is called representative democracy. Most
democracies are representative in nature.
Elections: The process in which citizens of a democratic country cast their
votes for the leaders of their choice is called the election. The elected
leaders form a government later.
Universal Adult Franchise: The rule that allows all adults in the country,
irrespective of caste, creed, gender, literacy, occupation, etc., to vote and
take part in the elections, is the universal adult franchise.
11. Questions ????
What is an important part of the government
(a) Public schools
(b) Courts
(c) Parliament
(d) Private company
Democracy is a form of government chosen by the
(a) Minister
(b) People
(c) King
(d) President
12. ______ is the organization, or agency through which a political unit exercises its authority
and controls the actions of its citizens.
(a) Parliament
(b) Public
(c) Government
(d) Ministry
Which type of government is chosen by the people?
(a) Democratic
(b) Dictatorship
(c) Oligarchy
(d) Aristocratic
