Global warming refers to the current rise in average global temperatures due to human-caused increases in greenhouse gases since the industrial revolution. Climate models project further global temperature increases of 1.1 to 6.4 degrees Celsius by 2100, which will have widespread effects. Regions most vulnerable to climate change impacts include the Caribbean (stronger hurricanes), Bangladesh (more flooding), Tuvalu and the Pacific Islands (rising sea levels), the Alps (less snow), Siberia (thawing permafrost), Sudan (desertification), Australia (more wildfires), and the Great Barrier Reef (coral bleaching from warming oceans). Individual actions like reducing energy usage and recycling can help address the problem.