Global LNG bunkering infrastructure

DNV GL © 2013 JANUARY 2014 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENERDNV GL © 2013
JANUARY 2014
MARITIME
Global LNG bunkering infrastructure
1
A status update as of January 2014

DNV GL © 2013 JANUARY 2014
Content
 Summary
 Baltic and North Sea ECA
 North American ECA
 Canada and the Great Lakes
 South America
 Mediterranean Sea
 Asia Pacific
 Middle East
2
Information contained in this report is based on existing material. Some
development may have occurred since the publication and some initiatives
may have not been captured which may alter the accuracy of this report

Existing and forecast of global LNG bunkering infrastructure
3
Existing Planned (Feasibility study, risk study, proposed
locations, pending approval)
Proposed (currently being
discussed)
* See detailed map
Europe*
Busan
Dubai
Singapore
Incheon
Nanjing
Wuhan
Buenos Aires
New York
Fourchon
Tadoussac
Tacoma
Duluth
Gaolan
Hambantota
Turkish strait &
Marmara Sea
Jacksonville
PyeongtaekShanghai
Zhoushan
Santander
Algeciras
Cartagena
Valencia
BarcelonaFerrol
Seattle
Vancouver
Sarnia
Mississippi river

1
9
2
3
4
5
8
10
11
6
12
33
13
15
1419
18
7
16
21
7
27
28
25
24
29
22
20
23
26
31
32
30
Existing and forecast of LNG Bunkering infrastructure in Baltic &
North Sea ECA
4
1. Florø
2. CCB
3. Halhjem
4. Snurrevarden
5. Risavika
6. Stockholm
7. Turku
Existing:
Planned:
8. Bodø
9. Mongstad
10. Øra
11. Lysekil
12. Tallin
13. Hirtshals
14. Brunsbüttel
15. Hamburg
16. Rotterdam
17. Antwerp
18. Zeebrugge
19. Ghent
20. Vestbase
21. Gothenborg
22. Helsinborg
23. Copenhagen
24. Aarhus
25. Lubeck
26. Roscoff
27. Helsinki
28. Swinoujscie
29. Rostock
30. Cuxhaven
31. Grain
32. Tornio
33. Klaipeda
34. Hou
Harbour
Proposed:
34

LNG bunkering infrastructure in Baltic & North Sea ECA (1/5)
 Norway
 14 of Norwegian terminals are arranged to supply LNG as fuel and
currently, 5 terminals are available for LNG bunkering facilities (i)
Florø; 500 m3, (ii) CCB Ågotnes Terminal, Bergen: 500 m3,
(iii) Halhjem Terminal, Bergen: 2 x 500 m3, (iv) Small Scale
LNG at Snurrevarden, Karmøy; 21 000 tons/y and (v) Small
Scale LNG at Risavika, Stavanger: 6 – 10 000m3 and 2 x 12
000m3
 Øra is a distribution terminal (6 500 cbm) for trucks loading
which can transport the LNG to remote locations for bunkering of
vessels
 Bodø is a new proposed location for bunkering
 Gasnor has announced plans to construct an LNG bunkering
facility in Vestbase
5
Mogstad
Vestbase
Øra
Bodø
Florø
CCB
Halhjem
Snurrevarden
Risavika

 Sweden
– LNG bunkering facility is available at Port of Stockholm to supply LNG to Viking Grace. She sails between Stockholm and
Turku. The LNG is supplied from LNG Terminal in Nynäshamn
– A pilot project for LNG bunkering for Baltic Sea ships focused on the Port of Brofjorden, Lysekil, on the west coast of
Sweden, would be funded at €23,103,000 ($30.4 million), covering some 30% of project costs, funded by EU TENT-T
programme
– Skangass and Preem signed a gas supply agreement that will require the construction of an LNG terminal at Preem refinery in
Lysekil (truck loading facilities). This facility is also likely to serve as an LNG bunkering hub. The LNG will be delivered to
Lysekil by Coral Energy, 15,500m3 coastal LNG carrier. The terminal is due to commence at Q1, 2014
– The EU through TENT-T supports a project of LNG bunkering at Rotterdam with a small-scale satellite terminal in
Skarvikshamnen, Sweden (Gothenburg) for €34,272,000.The goal is an LNG break bulk facility adjacent to the Gate
terminal at the Port of Rotterdam. Participants include LNG Break Bulk Rotterdam (a joint venture of Vopak LNG and
Nederlandse Gasunie), and Swedegas and the Ports of Rotterdam and Gothenburg.
 Denmark
 Fjord Line are planning operations of 2 LNG fuelled passenger/cruise vessels between Bergen (Norway) – Stavanger (Norway) –
Hirtshals (Denmark) and Kristiansand (Norway) – Hirtshals (Denmark).
 Gasnor and the Port of Hirtshals have entered a strategic cooperation concerning the establishment of a LNG terminal. The
port is a hub port for shipping to and from the countries of Scandinavia and Northern Europe. Fjor Line, Color Line and Nor Line
are amongst the shipping companies serving the port
 Samsøe Municipality is building an LNG fuelled ferry, connecting Samsøe Island and Jutland. The LNG bunkering will be
performed at Hou Harbour
 Aarhus, Helsingborg and Copenhagen are partners in the LNG bunkering feasibility project, BPO to investigate LNG
bunkering opportunities
6

 Germany
– The EU through TEN-T programme supports LNG Masterplan for inland ports along the Rhine-Meuse-Main-Danube
waterway. The funding amounting of €40,260,000 covering 50% of the project’s total costs. It is a multi-partner application of
33 companies and organizations from 12 EU Member States
– Gasnor and Brunsbüttel Port, are planning to build an LNG bunker station at a strategic location of the crossing of the river
Elba and the Kiel-Canal. There will be a tank in the port and LNG will be pumped in piped to the ships. DNV has been appointed
to conduct the risk studies of the project which will be the basis for the authorities’ approval of the project.
– The Port of Lubeck was part of the BPO feasibility studies on LNG bunkering. The facility is planned to serve 36 RoRo and
RoPax dock
– Hamburg Port Authority and Linde Group are promoting the use of LNG and are currently compiling a feasibility study on the
commercial use of LNG in the Port of Hamburg. Bomin reported that as part of their joint venture with Linde AG will cooperate
to develop an LNG bunkering facility at Germany’s Port of Hamburg. The project will be composed of a storage terminal and
refueling infrastructure situated at Bomin sister firm Oil tanking's premises at the port. The decision to go ahead with the
project was made following the completion of a feasibility study by Linde and the Hamburg Port Authority. The Port Authority
itself has reportedly been a key supporter of the project, and has announced it plans to operate an LNG-fueled vessel of its own
by 2014.
– Ferry operator AG Ems is building the Germany’s first combined passenger and cargo ferry with LNG propulsion. The ship will
operate year-round between Cuxhaven and Heligoland
 Netherlands
– The EU through TENT-T supports a project of LNG bunkering at Rotterdam with a small-scale satellite terminal in
Skarvikshamnen, Sweden (Gothenburg). The facility, which is expected to be operational in 2014, will be linked via pipeline to
the nearby existing Gate LNG import terminal. From there, the LNG-fuel will be made available as small-scale quantities more
suitable for distribution to the marine fuel market. Participants include LNG Break Bulk Rotterdam (a joint venture of Vopak
LNG and Nederlandse Gasunie), and Swedegas and the Ports of Rotterdam and Gothenburg. Shell signs on as customer for
Rotterdam LNG-fuel terminal
7

 Belgium
 Dec 2011, Argonon was delivered and became Europe first LNG fuelled inland waterway vessel. Although riverside fuelling
depots are planned for Rotterdam, Zwijndrecht and Harlingen, for the moment, Argonon is bunkered with LNG road tanker
deliveries from Zeebrugge. By 2014, Zeebrügge and Rotterdam, Zwijndrecht terminals (20 km south of Rotterdam) will be
operated
– Flemish Government conducted a study relating to the provision of LNG bunkering facilities in three Belgian ports Antwerp,
Zeebrugge and Ghent
 France
– A study on a project designated Seagas on determining the feasibility LNG bunkering for the Ports of Roscoff (in
Northwestern France) and Santander (in Northern Spain) would receive €1,041,000 ($1.37 million), covering 50% of the costs
from EU TEN-T programme
 UK
– Brittany Ferries is building the LNG-fuelled ferry that will operate between UK and Spain
– Grain LNG is evaluating developing LNG truck-loading facilities at their Grain LNG import terminal in the United Kingdom.
The facility is reportedly a high-potential supply point, as tanker trucks could serve both European on-land fleets and vessels
operating out of Southern England
8

 Finland
– The terminal in Tornio northern Finland will be used to supply the
Outokumpu Tornio steel mill but will also be used to supply ships such as a
new icebreaker planned for Tornio and Bay of Bothnia region. The terminal
is expected to commence in 2017
– Gasum made the first LNG bunkering in Finland in Dec 2012, bunkering 15
trucks for Viking Grace. She sails between Stockholm and Turku in Finland
– Gasum has made a decision to build LNG terminal in Inkoo and has opted
for Fjusö area in Joddböle. The terminal would be provided with marine
facilities that also allow the loading of LNG bunker vessels and small LNG
carriers engaged on coastal distribution. The terminal is not expected to
commence until 2018
 Estonia
– Port of Tallinn, the leading port in the country is likely to delay providing
LNG bunkering due to lack of demandThe infrastructure could be in place
by 2015, but it seems will be on their agenda 2017-2018
 Lithuania/Latvia
– LNG terminal in Klaipeda is under development and could supply LNG for
bunkering.
 Poland
– Polskie LNG is building an LNG import terminal at Świnoujście for 2015
commencement. This terminal has a potential to supply LNG as bunker for
shipping
9
 Energy security is a very important issue in the Baltic
countries. No large natural gas suppliers in Eastern Europe,
so Russia is currently a dominant supplier. LNG provides an
excellent way to transport gas to the countries, however
LNG import terminals have to be built. There are a number
of LNG terminals are being built, planned or considered to
be constructed in the Baltic countries. These terminals will
also be equipped with smaller terminals for local LNG
distribution including LNG bunkering facilities.
Talinn
Helsinki
Klaipeda
Turku
Świnoujście
Tornio
Inkoo

Forecast of LNG bunkering infrastructure in North American ECA
10
Seattle
New York
Jacksonville
Duluth
Fourchon
Tacoma
Vancouver
Mississippi river
Sarnia

LNG bunkering infrastructure in North American ECA (1/2)
 West Coast
– TOTE Express is converting their two RoRo vessels.
Serving Tacoma and Anchorage A bunkering facility is
planned in Tacoma responding to the LNG as fuel
initiatives by TOTE Express.
– Matson Navigation is building 2 container ships, serving
west coast and Hawaii
– LNG bunkering infrastructure has also been discussed in
Seattle-Tacoma area
– Washington State Ferries (WSF) has received approval
in concept from the U.S. Coast Guard for a conversion
of its upcoming Olympic-class ferries. The LNG will be
transported by truck from FortisBC’s LNG peakshaving
plant in Delta, British Columbia
 East Coast
– Staten Island is preparing for an LNG bunkering facility
related to the DOT Staten Island ferries project.
Possible bunkering could be in New York
– TOTE Express These vessels will be serving
Jacksonville Port in Florida and San Juan in Puerto
Rico. Crowley Maritime is also building 2 ConRo ships
and will be serving the similar route
– Evergas is building 3 LEG carriers that will transport
LNG from Rafnes in Norway to Philadelphia
11
 Gulf of Mexico
– Shell announced an agreement with Edison Chouest Offshore
to supply LNG fuel to vessels operating in the Gulf of Mexico.
Under the deal, LNG transport barges will move the fuel from
a Geismar, LA production site to Port Fourchon where it will
be bunkered into customer vessels. The Geismar facility,
however, is not expected to begin operations until 2016
– Shell plans to install a small scale liquefaction unit at its
Geismar facility that will supply LNG along the Mississippi
River, the Intra-Coastal Waterway and to the offshore Gulf of
Mexico and the onshore oil & gas exploration areas of Texas
and Louisiana
– Harvey Gulf is building US’s first LNG bunkering facility at
Port Fourchon. Harvey has secured plans to construct and
operate the fuelling facility consist of 2 sites. The estimate to
complete the fist site is Feb 2014 with the second site
following shortly thereafter.

LNG bunkering infrastructure in North American ECA (2/2)
12
 Great Lakes
– Aged bulkers in The Great Lakes, Minnesota have
plans for LNG retrofit. Port Duluth, MN are planning
for a bunkering facility for the Great Lakes aged
bulkers
 Shell plans to install a small scale lique unit at its
Sarnia facility, Canada that will supply LNG to all 5
Great Lakes, their bordering US and Canadian
provinces and the St. Lawrence Seaway
 Canada
– STQ Quebec ferries are planning to build 3 LNG fuelled
ferries . two of the future ships will be assigned to the
Tadoussac─Baie-Sainte-Catherine ferry service, while a
third ship—under construction in Italy—will be used for the
Matane─Baie-Comeau─Godbout link. These ferries will be
among the first in North America to use LNG, and their
commissioning is set to begin in 2015. Discussions are
ongoing for bunkering in Tadoussac
– LNG bunkering infrastructure has also been discussed in
Vancouver area for BC Ferries

Existing LNG bunkering infrastructure in South America
 Argentina
– Buquebus, the world-first Incat LNG HSLC operates between Buenos Aires and Montevideo. LNG will be transported from the
re-gasification vessel at Eskobar by truck to bunker in Buenos Aires
13
Buenos Aires

Forecast of LNG bunkering infrastructure in Mediterranean Sea
 Spain
– A study to help establish a flexible LNG bunkering value chain on
the Spanish Mediterranean coast – Valencia, Barcelona,
Cartagena, and Algeciras, would receive €1,044,000 ($1.375
million), covering 50% of costs from EU TEN-T programme
– A study on LNG hub at the Port of Ferrol in Northwest Spain,
for Atlantic corridor ships, would receive €602,000 (nearly
$793,000), covering 50% of the project’s total costs from EU
TEN-T programme
– A study on a project designated Seagas on determining the
feasibility LNG bunkering for the Ports of Roscoff (in
Northwestern France) and Santander (in Northern Spain)
would receive €1,041,000 ($1.37 million), covering 50% of the
costs from EU TEN-T programme
14
 Turkey
– Turkey is sharpening its emission regulations. While
there is no SOx-ECA yet, they also now require
maximum 0.10% sulphur in marine fuel for ships at
berth. However, ships in transit through the Turkish
Straits without making port calls are not affected by
this rule. Turkey has announced their ratification of
IMO-MARPOL Annex VI and intends to forward a
proposal to the IMO in 2015 for implementing ECA.
The potential ECA will cover Turkish Straits and
Marmara Sea
Santander
Algeciras
Cartagena Valencia
Barcelona
Turkish Strait and Marmara SeaFerrol

Shanghai
Nanjing
Wuhan
Zhoushan
Source: CIA
Gaolan
Existing and forecast of LNG bunkering infrastructure in Asia-
Pacific (1/3)
 China
– Two LNG-diesel dual fuel tugboats are deployed in the
Gaolan Port in Zhuhai, near Hong Kong.
– China Gas Holding (China Gas) plans to develop LNG
bunkering on the Yangtze River this year.
– Fortune Oil subsidiary Chongqing Fujian Energy Technology
Company (Fujian Energy) said that it would build several
filling stations along the river near Wuhan, Nanjing,
and Shanghai
– Kunlun Energy reported that it has signed a strategic
agreement with the government of China’s Shandong
Province to develop LNG-fueling infrastructure province-wide.
– Shanghai Lonyer Fuels and ENN Energy of Hebei will jointly
develop an LNG bunkering supply chain in the nation. ENN
Energy is planning China’s first private LNG bunkering station
for Zhoushan, with the first 3 million tonne-capacity phase
scheduled for completion in March 2016
– Haiqi Ganghua Gas Development has constructed an offshore
LNG bunker station into operation along the Yangtze River in
Nanjing, capital of Jiangsu province that will be commenced
in 2014
15
The Chinese Ministry of Transport (MOT) has targeted:
 By 2015, 2% of the domestic inland fleet operating on LNG dual
fuel vessels
 By 2020, 5-10% operating on DF vessels
 By 2030, 200-500 vessels solely fuelled by LNG

Pacific (2/3)
 Korea
– KOGAS is supplying LNG bunkers to Asia’s first LNG powered
passenger ship, Econuri, at Incheon Port. KOGAS began a trial
run on March 7, supplying the LNG bunkers from Songdo Port in
Pohang.
– KOGAS also studied potential locations at Busan. KOGAS is also
in discussion with Japan Gas Association to supply LNG as fuel
to vessels operating on the South Korea-Japan ferry route
 Japan
– Japan's NYK is to build the country's 'first' tug featuring a dual-
fuel engine that can run on either LNG or HFO built in Japan.
Tokyo Gas Co will supply the LNG. No site has been announced
for the LNG bunkering facilities
 Singapore
– Singapore has a strong interest on providing LNG as fuel. A
number of studies have been completed such as LNG bunkering
feasibility studies, LNG bunkering operational procedures and
standards and also, an MOU was signed between MPA and Port
of Antwerp and Zeebrugge to harmonise LNG bunkering
standards
16
Singapore
LNG bunkering facilities in Korea
Busan
Incheon

Pacific (3/3)
17
 Australia
– LNG bunkering could be come online by 2016
according to DNV GL JIP project. The project
identified 10 ports to offer LNG
Hambantota
West coast ports
 Sri Langka
– Sri Langka Ports Authority is planning an LNG bunkering facility
for Hambantota port in the southern part of the country. A
strategic plan from the SLPA outlining improvements to be
made through 2020 calls for an LNG terminal that would
include a gas-fuelled power plant as well as LNG bunkering
 India
– Currently, there are no LNG bunkering infrastructure available.
However, initial discussion has started between the
government and Norwegian government
– The future location may be developed in the west coast
because of the growing development of LNG terminals in this
region

Forecast of LNG bunkering infrastructure in Middle East
 UASC, a formed jointly between Bahrain, Iraq, Kuwait,
Qatar, Saudi Arabia and UAE plans to establish an LNG
bunkering facility in the Middle East to allow their mega
containerships to refuel along the Asia-Europe trade
 Shell and DMC (Dubai) have signed an agreement to
explore the use of LNG in the UAE and the entire Middle
East, North Africa and South Asia
18
Dubai

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Global LNG bunkering infrastructure

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