This document outlines several applications of geographic information systems (GIS). It discusses how GIS is used in agriculture to combat the spread of pests, quantify agricultural pollution, and manage organic farming data. It also describes GIS applications in astronomy like planetary mapping, positioning using magnetic declination, and investigating magnetic field lines. Additionally, the document discusses how GIS is applied in banking to examine branch locations and market share, and capture locations of mobile transactions. Finally, it briefly mentions other uses of GIS in mapping, telephone networks, surveying, tourism, wildlife management, environmental impact assessments, and coastal zone management.

1. GIS APPLICATIONS & USES
1. Agriculture GIS Applications:
a) Disease Control – Combating the spread of pests through by identifying critical intervention
areas and efficient targeting control interventions.
b) Agricultural Pollution – Quantifying the impacts on climate and the environment from
agricultural pollution.
c)Organic Farming – Managing various sources of data for organic farming permits including
tillage history, field inputs, crop rotations, and pest management measures on a field-by-field
basis.
2. Astronomy/Planetary GIS Applications:
a) Astrogeology – Delivering planetary mapping to the international science community in
public domain – from planetary topology to lunar geology.
b) Magnetic Declination – Positioning with the magnetic declination, a varying angle from a
true geographic north using NOAA National Geophysical Data Center 2015 data and the
Magnetic Declination QGIS Plugin.
c)Magnetic Fields – Investigating magnetic field lines in 3D with international geomagnetic
field maps.
3. Banking GIS Applications
a) Market Share – Examining branch locations, competitor locations and demographic
characteristics to identify areas worthy of expansion or determine market share in Aptitude
b) Mobile Banking – Capturing locations where existing mobile transaction occur and assisting
in mobile security infrastructure.

2. 4.Others:
a) mapping: Geographical Information Systems store data in databases and then represent it
visually in a mapped format. People from different professions use maps to communicate. e.g.
Google, GPS, here all utilize maps for common use.
b) Telephone/Network services: GIS Data is used to incorporate geographic data into the
complex network design, planning, optimization, maintenance and activities. It provides a
location-based service for engineering applications and customer relationship management.
c) Surveying: Land survey is measuring the distance and angles between different points on the
earth surface. Many organizations are now using Satellites to make these measurements. It is
called a Global Navigational Satellite System (GNSS) and is used for topographic surveys where
a centimeter level accuracy is provided.
d) Tourism: Tourists can get all the information they need on a click, measuring distance,
finding hotels, restaurants and even navigate to their respective links. This Information plays a
vital role to tourists in planning their travel from one place to another.
e) Wildlife Management: Man made destruction such as habitat loss, pollution, invasive species
introduction, and climate change, are all threats to wildlife health and biodiversity. GIS
technology is an effective tool for managing, analyzing, and visualizing wildlife data to target
areas where international management practices are needed and to monitor their effectiveness.
GIS helps wildlife management professionals examine and envision.
f) The Environment: Environmental impact statements are required to contain specific
information on the magnitude and characteristics of environmental impact. The EIA can be
carried out efficiently by integrating various GIS layers and assessment of natural features can be
performed.
g) Coastal Management: The coastal zone represents varied and highly productive ecosystem
such as mangrove, coral reefs, see grasses and sand dunes. GIS could be generating data required
for macro and micro level planning of coastal zone management and in creating a baseline
inventory of mapping and monitoring coastal resources, selecting sites for brackish water
aquaculture, studying coastal land forms.