1. The document discusses various types of ocean water movements including waves, tides, and currents. 2. Waves are described in terms of their anatomy, types, refraction, and causes. Tides vary daily, monthly, and yearly due to gravitational forces from the moon and sun. 3. Ocean currents form global circulation patterns that move between climate zones and basins driven by factors like wind, density variations from temperature and salinity, and the Earth's rotation. Specific local currents are also examined.

1. GERAKAN AIR LAUTGERAKAN AIR LAUT

2. MACAMMACAM GERAKAN AIR LAUTGERAKAN AIR LAUT
1.1. GELOMBANG.GELOMBANG.
2.2. PASANG SURUT.PASANG SURUT.
3.3. ARUS.ARUS.

3. GelombangGelombang LautLaut

4. ANATOMIANATOMI GELOMBANGGELOMBANG

5. Kecepatan merambat geolombangKecepatan merambat geolombang
(1).....................
T
L
C =
C: kecepatan
L: panjang gelombang
T: perioda

6. Perairan dalam, d/L > 1/2Perairan dalam, d/L > 1/2
(4)......................
2
. 2
π
Tg
L =
(6)......................
2
.
π
Tg
T
L
C ==

7. Perairan dangkal, d/L < 1/20Perairan dangkal, d/L < 1/20
......(8)....................gdTL =
(9)......................gdC =
Di perairan dangkal, kecepatan gelombang
dipengaruhi oleh kedalaman

8. GELOMBANGGELOMBANG MENDEKATIMENDEKATI
PANTAIPANTAI
Perubahan Kondisi Gelombang

9. GELOMBANG PECAHGELOMBANG PECAH
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Types of breaking waves: (I) spilling breaker, (II) plunging breaker, and (III)
surging breaker. Source: From Komar (1998).

10. Plungging breakersPlungging breakers

11. REFRAKSIREFRAKSI
GELOMBANGGELOMBANG
Refraksi gelombang:
pembelokan
gelombang karena
perubahan
kedalaman air

12. Difraksi gelombangDifraksi gelombang
Pembelokan gelombang karena penghalang

13. JENIS-JENISJENIS-JENIS GELOMBANGGELOMBANG 11
Jenis-jenisJenis-jenis gelombang menurut penyebabnya:gelombang menurut penyebabnya:
1.1. GGeellomombbangang karena tiupan angin.karena tiupan angin.
2.2. GGeellomombbangang internal.internal.
3.3. SeicheSeiche (Standing wave)(Standing wave)..
4.4. GGeellomombbangang badai.badai.
5.5. GGeellomombbangang karena longsoran.karena longsoran.
6.6. Tsunami.Tsunami.

14. Gelombang karena tiupan anginGelombang karena tiupan angin
 Size and type of wind-generated waves areSize and type of wind-generated waves are
controlled by: Wind velocity, Wind duration, Fetch.controlled by: Wind velocity, Wind duration, Fetch.
 As wind velocity increases wave length, period andAs wind velocity increases wave length, period and
height increase, but only if wind duration and fetchheight increase, but only if wind duration and fetch
are sufficient.are sufficient.

15. Gelombang InternalGelombang Internal
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All rights reserved
Schematic of a simple
interfacial internal wave in
a two-layer flow. Source:
After Gill (1982).

16.  Resonance amplifies the displacement at the nodes andResonance amplifies the displacement at the nodes and
occurs when the period of the basin is similar to the periodoccurs when the period of the basin is similar to the period
of the force producing the standing waveof the force producing the standing wave..
Standing Waves

17. Penyebab TsunamiPenyebab Tsunami

18. FIGURE 8.7
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Sumatra Tsunami
(December 26, 2004). (a)
Tsunami wave approaching
the beach in Thailand.
Source: From Rydevik,
(2004). (b) Simulated
surface height two hours
after earthquake. Source:
From Smith et al., (2005).
(c) Global reach: simulated
maximum sea-surface
height and arrival time
(hours after earthquake) of
wave front. Figure 8.7c can
also be
found in the color insert.
Source: From Titov et al.
(2005).
Tsunami

19. Jenis-jenis gelombangJenis-jenis gelombang
berdasarkan periode gelombangberdasarkan periode gelombang..

20. Pasang SurutPasang Surut

21. TALLEY Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc.
All rights reserved
The equilibrium tide. (a) Tide-generating force due to the moon or sun. (b) Earth-moon-
sunalignment during spring tide, which also includes the case when the moon is opposite the
sun Source: After NOAA (2008).
(c) Alignment during neap tide. In (a), the F’s are the net gravitational acceleration at the
antipodal, center, and sublunar points, and the T’s are the net tidal gravitational
accelerations.

22. Efek pasang surut:Efek pasang surut:
perubahan genanganperubahan genangan

23. VARIASIVARIASI PASANG SURUTPASANG SURUT
1.1. Var HarianVar Harian
2.2. Var BulananVar Bulanan
3.3. Var TahunanVar Tahunan

24. PASANG SURUTPASANG SURUT
Variasi harian

25. PASANG SURUT – 4BPASANG SURUT – 4B
Variasi bulanan

26. PASANG SURUT – 4CPASANG SURUT – 4C
Variasi tahunan

27. ArusArus

28. Sirkulasi GlobalSirkulasi Global

29. SIRKULASI GLOBALSIRKULASI GLOBAL
KARAKTERKARAKTER SIRKULASI GLOBAL:SIRKULASI GLOBAL:
1.1. Melintasi zona iklimMelintasi zona iklim
2.2. Setiap samudera memilikiSetiap samudera memiliki pola aruspola arus tersendiritersendiri
3.3. Setiap samudera memilikiSetiap samudera memiliki pola sirkulasi umumpola sirkulasi umum
yang samayang sama
Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh:Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh:
1.1. Sistem arus utama: efek tiupan angin dan variasiSistem arus utama: efek tiupan angin dan variasi
densitas – krn beda temp dan salinitas.densitas – krn beda temp dan salinitas.
2.2. Arah arus: rotasi Bumi (efek Coriolis, spiralArah arus: rotasi Bumi (efek Coriolis, spiral
Ekman), kehadiran dan konfigurasi benua.Ekman), kehadiran dan konfigurasi benua.

30. EFEK CORIOLISEFEK CORIOLIS

31. SPIRAL EKMANSPIRAL EKMAN

32. Sirkulasi thermohalinSirkulasi thermohalin
(SIRKULASI LAUT DALAM)(SIRKULASI LAUT DALAM)

33. Global Ocean Conveyor Belt SystemGlobal Ocean Conveyor Belt System

34. ARUSARUS DENGAN SEBAB KHUSUSDENGAN SEBAB KHUSUS
ARUS-ARUS DENGAN SEBAB KHUSUS:ARUS-ARUS DENGAN SEBAB KHUSUS:
1.1. Arus sepanjang pantai (longshore current)Arus sepanjang pantai (longshore current)
2.2. Arus rip (rip current)Arus rip (rip current)
3.3. Arus turbidArus turbid
4.4. Arus pasang surutArus pasang surut
5.5. ““Upwelling” dan “Downwelling”Upwelling” dan “Downwelling”

35. Longshore CurrentLongshore Current

36. Rip CurrentRip Current

37. Rip CurrentRip Current

38. Turbidity CurrentTurbidity Current

39. Upwelling dan DownwellingUpwelling dan Downwelling

40. Terima KasihTerima Kasih