Building demolition during road expansion is a common phenomenon across Nigerian states which may be due to unlawful construction of buildings without the respect for right of way. The research analysesthe issue of demolition of unlawful erected structures in Ado Odo/Ota Local Government Area(LGA)of Ogun State. The resultobtained thequestionnaire administered and analysed showed that many citizens are aware of the rules and policies guiding road setback but did not adhere to them. In addition,the lack of implementation was partly due to lack of effective monitoring of these rules by government parastatal and agencies. Furthermore,the inappropriate adjustment of building plan in an attempt to convert residential buildings for commercial purposes to generate funds by the land/houseowners also created more congestion on the roads and highways. Buffers were created to determine how many buildings will be affected should government need to expand three roads in Ota. As a result,it was being detected that about hundred buildings will need to be demolished either partly or wholly. We conclude that effective monitoring of government rules and regulation regarding the right of way /road setback should be enforced in other to save lives and properties and also reduce traffic congestion
IRJET- Approach for a Transit Oriented Development in ChhattisgarhIRJET Journal
This document discusses transit-oriented development (TOD) in Chhattisgarh, India. It defines TOD and outlines its benefits, which include reduced greenhouse gas emissions from fewer cars on the road. The document also discusses challenges to implementing TOD, such as zoning laws that don't support higher density development near transit. It then provides details on a proposed TOD project in Naya Raipur, India along a bus rapid transit route, including integrated development with an existing village and connections to open spaces. The conclusion states that while TOD can achieve smart growth and sustainability goals, its success depends on factors like market demands, policies, leadership, and quality transit service.
Sustainable Urban Corridors in Khartoum Case of Mohammed Najeeb StreetDr. Amarjeet Singh
This article aims at measuring the sustainability of the streets of Khartoum using the Pedestrian Environmental Quality Index (P.E.Q.I.). This index has six categories: Intersection safety; traffic; street design; perceived safety; land use; and perceived walkability. Each category has several items. As a case study, Mohammed Najeeb main street is studied since it represents main streets in Khartoum. Results show that the sustainability standard of the studied street is below average (40%). Conclusions are written. And recommendations are drawn.
The document presents a vision for new road construction concepts towards 2040 that are reliable, green, safe and smart, and human-centered. It aims to identify research needed in road engineering to ensure sustainable ground transport over coming decades. Specific innovations are presented, including towards more reliable infrastructure through lifetime engineering and asset management tools, greener infrastructure using low-temperature asphalt and bridge eco-assessments, and safer smarter infrastructure optimizing tyre-road interaction and using energy-controlled pavements. An Ecotechnic Road System is proposed to minimize pollution through innovative pavement, barrier, and auxiliary subsystems.
IRJET- Precast Construction Technique: A Sustainable Approach for Smart CitiesIRJET Journal
This document discusses precast construction as a more sustainable approach for building smart cities compared to traditional cast-in-situ construction methods. It notes that rapid urbanization in India is causing problems like increased pollution, water scarcity, and deforestation. Precast construction can help address these issues by controlling pollution at construction sites, reducing water usage, and lessening the demand for timber products. The document analyzes how precast construction is more environmentally friendly and concludes it is a better option for efficiently constructing the large number of new developments needed for India's smart cities plan.
The motivation of this study is to explore about Transit Oriented Development (TOD), its parameters and principles. This dissertation includes case studies of areas that show the benefits of TOD and how it is making public transportation feasible near stations and thereby reducing traffic jam problems.
C V RAMAN GLOBAL UNIVERSITY(Civil Engineering)CGUODISHA
Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including public works such as roads, bridges, canals, dams, airports, sewerage systems, pipelines, structural components of buildings, and railways. Civil engineering is traditionally broken into a number of sub-disciplines. It is considered the second-oldest engineering discipline after military engineering, and it is defined to distinguish non-military engineering from military engineering. Civil engineering takes place in the public sector from municipal through to national governments, and in the private sector from individual homeowners through to international companies.
This document provides an overview of civil engineering and transportation engineering. It discusses how civil engineers improve society through infrastructure like water, power, and transportation systems. Transportation engineering specifically focuses on ensuring safe, efficient movement of people and goods via highways, railways, waterways, airways and pipelines. The document outlines Bangladesh's current transportation infrastructure and challenges like traffic jams and proposes solutions like expanding public transit through an MRT system.
This document discusses Transit Oriented Development (TOD) as a tool for effective and sustainable urban growth. TOD aims to integrate land use and transportation planning by encouraging high-density, mixed-use development within walking distance of public transit stations. The document reviews the concept and basic structure of TOD, including its benefits like reduced traffic, pollution and infrastructure costs. Case studies from cities like Surabaya and Jabodetabek demonstrate how TOD can help address issues of urbanization, mobility and greenhouse gas emissions. Overall, the document argues that TOD provides a strategic approach to sustainable planning and design that can solve common problems faced by growing cities.
IRJET- Approach for a Transit Oriented Development in ChhattisgarhIRJET Journal
This document discusses transit-oriented development (TOD) in Chhattisgarh, India. It defines TOD and outlines its benefits, which include reduced greenhouse gas emissions from fewer cars on the road. The document also discusses challenges to implementing TOD, such as zoning laws that don't support higher density development near transit. It then provides details on a proposed TOD project in Naya Raipur, India along a bus rapid transit route, including integrated development with an existing village and connections to open spaces. The conclusion states that while TOD can achieve smart growth and sustainability goals, its success depends on factors like market demands, policies, leadership, and quality transit service.
Sustainable Urban Corridors in Khartoum Case of Mohammed Najeeb StreetDr. Amarjeet Singh
This article aims at measuring the sustainability of the streets of Khartoum using the Pedestrian Environmental Quality Index (P.E.Q.I.). This index has six categories: Intersection safety; traffic; street design; perceived safety; land use; and perceived walkability. Each category has several items. As a case study, Mohammed Najeeb main street is studied since it represents main streets in Khartoum. Results show that the sustainability standard of the studied street is below average (40%). Conclusions are written. And recommendations are drawn.
The document presents a vision for new road construction concepts towards 2040 that are reliable, green, safe and smart, and human-centered. It aims to identify research needed in road engineering to ensure sustainable ground transport over coming decades. Specific innovations are presented, including towards more reliable infrastructure through lifetime engineering and asset management tools, greener infrastructure using low-temperature asphalt and bridge eco-assessments, and safer smarter infrastructure optimizing tyre-road interaction and using energy-controlled pavements. An Ecotechnic Road System is proposed to minimize pollution through innovative pavement, barrier, and auxiliary subsystems.
IRJET- Precast Construction Technique: A Sustainable Approach for Smart CitiesIRJET Journal
This document discusses precast construction as a more sustainable approach for building smart cities compared to traditional cast-in-situ construction methods. It notes that rapid urbanization in India is causing problems like increased pollution, water scarcity, and deforestation. Precast construction can help address these issues by controlling pollution at construction sites, reducing water usage, and lessening the demand for timber products. The document analyzes how precast construction is more environmentally friendly and concludes it is a better option for efficiently constructing the large number of new developments needed for India's smart cities plan.
The motivation of this study is to explore about Transit Oriented Development (TOD), its parameters and principles. This dissertation includes case studies of areas that show the benefits of TOD and how it is making public transportation feasible near stations and thereby reducing traffic jam problems.
C V RAMAN GLOBAL UNIVERSITY(Civil Engineering)CGUODISHA
Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including public works such as roads, bridges, canals, dams, airports, sewerage systems, pipelines, structural components of buildings, and railways. Civil engineering is traditionally broken into a number of sub-disciplines. It is considered the second-oldest engineering discipline after military engineering, and it is defined to distinguish non-military engineering from military engineering. Civil engineering takes place in the public sector from municipal through to national governments, and in the private sector from individual homeowners through to international companies.
This document provides an overview of civil engineering and transportation engineering. It discusses how civil engineers improve society through infrastructure like water, power, and transportation systems. Transportation engineering specifically focuses on ensuring safe, efficient movement of people and goods via highways, railways, waterways, airways and pipelines. The document outlines Bangladesh's current transportation infrastructure and challenges like traffic jams and proposes solutions like expanding public transit through an MRT system.
This document discusses Transit Oriented Development (TOD) as a tool for effective and sustainable urban growth. TOD aims to integrate land use and transportation planning by encouraging high-density, mixed-use development within walking distance of public transit stations. The document reviews the concept and basic structure of TOD, including its benefits like reduced traffic, pollution and infrastructure costs. Case studies from cities like Surabaya and Jabodetabek demonstrate how TOD can help address issues of urbanization, mobility and greenhouse gas emissions. Overall, the document argues that TOD provides a strategic approach to sustainable planning and design that can solve common problems faced by growing cities.
This document provides an overview of transit-oriented development (TOD), including its definition, types, goals, planning considerations, case studies, and how its effects are measured. TOD aims to maximize access to public transport through compact, mixed-use development near transit facilities. Case studies discussed include developments in the US, Brazil, and Australia that incorporated TOD principles like density, mixed uses, walkability and public transport access to achieve goals like increased ridership and reduced automobile dependence. A variety of indicators are used to measure TOD outcomes, such as ridership, vehicle ownership, and accessibility.
Review of the Segregated Cycle Tracks in Bhopalijtsrd
The document summarizes a study on segregated cycle tracks in Bhopal, India. It begins with background on the need for sustainable transportation to reduce emissions. It then reviews literature on the environmental and economic benefits of shifting short trips from cars to bicycles. The paper presents a case study of a 5.5km segregated cycle track along Hoshangabad Road in Bhopal. It describes the features of the track, including its width, separation from traffic, markings, lighting and bicycle rental stations. A survey of users found that most felt safe using the track but identified issues like lack of shade, drainage problems and parked vehicles obstructing the path.
Transit oriented development (TOD) aims to maximize residential, business and leisure space within walking distance of public transport to increase ridership and promote sustainable urban growth. A TOD typically includes a central transit stop surrounded by a high-density mixed-use area, with lower densities further out. TODs reduce reliance on private vehicles, improve quality of life, increase property values and reduce pollution. Case studies in Bangalore, India showed that metros can induce land use changes and densification around stations through increased building heights and commercial space.
Feasibility Study of Samruddhi Expresswayvivatechijri
This document presents a feasibility study of the proposed Samruddhi Expressway project in Maharashtra, India. It aims to estimate the construction rate, natural resources required, and optimal toll amount. The study divides the expressway into 16 sections assigned to contractors and estimates their construction rates. It calculates the quantities of cement, fly ash, sand, and aggregate required for the concrete pavement based on section lengths. Toll amounts collected annually are projected, finding the expressway costs will be recovered within 30 years. The study concludes the expressway will be profitable and boost development, though it requires huge investment and natural resources.
A REVIEW ON EFFECTIVE SOLUTION OF TRAFFIC CONGESTION ISSUES OCCURRING IN THE ...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of traffic congestion issues occurring in urban areas and potential solutions. It discusses that traffic congestion has increased substantially worldwide since the 1950s due to factors like increased vehicle ownership and poor road planning. The main causes of congestion identified are increased vehicle-road capacity ratio, poor road geometry, illegal parking, and insufficient road capacity during peak hours. Congestion leads to increased travel time, fuel consumption, vehicle maintenance costs, and air pollution. Several measures to reduce congestion are discussed, including improving road infrastructure, developing public transportation systems, and implementing congestion pricing.
Sustainability in Highway Projects: A Concise ReviewIRJET Journal
This document discusses sustainability in highway projects. It provides an overview of sustainable highway design and construction, which aims to limit the environmental impact of highways through practices like maximizing a highway's lifetime while restricting emissions. The document reviews various challenges with conventional highway construction that impact the environment. It also examines approaches for improving sustainability, such as prioritizing access over mobility, providing transportation options like walking/biking, and considering environmental and resource needs. Key aspects of sustainable highways discussed include self-awareness, information interaction, self-adaptation, and energy harvesting. The environmental impacts of highway construction activities like earthmoving are also addressed.
IRJET- Study on Transit Oriented DevelopmentIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on Transit Oriented Development (TOD). It begins by defining TOD as a tool for sustainable development that integrates land use and transportation planning around transit stations. It then discusses the goals and types of TOD, including urban and neighborhood TOD. Key parameters like density, diversity, and design are explained. Benefits of TOD for public and private sectors are provided. Challenges of implementing TOD like regulatory barriers and gentrification are noted. The document then reviews several other studies and case studies on TOD evaluation and land use planning methodology. It provides details on a case study of TOD implementation in Ahmedabad, India around its bus rapid transit and proposed metro rail lines.
Stakeholder analysis is component in a project design and implementation central to achievement of the goals and objectives for which projects are carried out. This study aimed at establishing the effect of stakeholder analysis on performance of road construction projects in Elgeyo Marakwet County. The study was anchored on Stakeholder Theory. The study population comprised of 19338 individuals who included employees of the county working within the road sector, personnel within various road construction agencies, contractors and community beneficiaries of the project. Stratified random sampling was then used to group individuals into two homogenous groups, one working directly with the project and the other of beneficiaries. Proportionate random sampling technique was then employed to sample 103 respondents in the first group who included Managers (4), County government employees (29), KURA (6), KenHA (6), KERRA (13) and Contractors (45). Simple random sampling was adopted to select 377 respondents from the community. Data collection instruments were self-administered questionnaires for personnel working directly with the project. On the other hand research assistants facilitated focused group discussions to get views from the community stakeholders. Both descriptive and inferential statistics informed the data analysis and presentation. Descriptive statistics included; percentages, means, standard and deviation. Inferential statistics was Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and multiple ordinal regression equation analysis. Statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS 23.0) software helped in data analysis. The study found out that stakeholder analysis had significant effect on performance of road construction projects (β3=0.203, P <0.05) on performance of road construction projects in Elgeyo Marakwet. The study recommends county Government should develop blueprints to guide road contractors in road project activities. Hence establish a favourable environment for implementations of road projects.
A Review Of Highways Geometric Design To Ensure Road Health And SafetySusan Campos
This document provides a review of highways geometric design and how it can help ensure road health and safety. It discusses two major aspects: 1) the engineering aspect of safe road infrastructure design, and 2) enhancing road safety from an engineering perspective. For engineering design, it emphasizes factors like road layout, markings, signage, and drainage facilities. It also discusses evaluation tools like multi-objective analysis that can help address economic, managerial and construction problems during design. The document stresses the importance of road safety audits and designing "self-explaining" roads to guide drivers. Overall, it analyzes how geometric design, enforcement of traffic laws, and public education can all contribute to making roads safer.
Essence of Compliance with Road Setbacks Standards in Developmental Projects ...ijtsrd
This paper examined the essence of setbacks in siting structures and buildings in ACT. The aim is achieved through the objective, to determine the essence of setbacks in developmental projects in Anambra Capital Territory. As a result of non compliance with road setbacks for development, ACT had become characterized by inadequate and deteriorated road network, walkways, unregulated building patterns, poor sanitation, uncontrolled street trading, mountains of garbage and chaotic transport system creating traffic and human congestion, noise pollution and overcrowding, among others. This work intends to address these issues and educate the citizens how essential are road setbacks. To achieve the stated aim, the study determined the essence of the sited structures to set standards in ACT. The foremost causes of non compliance with road setbacks in ACT approved by professionals and non professionals were also identified. The findings conclude that since there is a severe environmental effect in ACT, there is need for environmental education and awareness in the area, so as to educate the public on the importance implementing road setbacks. When people understand the reasons for urban planning, they will be far less likely to violate the legal construction standards and will likewise make objections known. Okafor B. N "Essence of Compliance with Road Setbacks Standards in Developmental Projects in Anambra Capital Territory" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33262.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/enviormental-science/33262/essence-of-compliance-with-road-setbacks-standards-in-developmental-projects-in-anambra-capital-territory/okafor-b-n
Adeoye Preye charles qsv/12/0227 term paper on Risk involved in highway const...Adeoye Charles
This term paper sheds light on the risks involved in the construction of highways and also the ways it can be prevented/eradicated so as to deliver optimum performance.
Studying parking policies and proposing solutions for illegally parked vehicl...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that studied parking issues and proposed solutions in the North and East zones of Surat City, India. The researchers conducted surveys at various parking sites over 15 days to analyze parking demand and supply. They found that some areas like Mansarovar Road and VIP Circle lacked sufficient road width for on-street parking. Other busy areas like Baroda Prestige Market and Maruti Chowk required multi-level parking structures due to high demand. The researchers proposed on-street and off-street parking solutions for 5 specific locations to address parking shortages and reduce illegal parking. These solutions included increasing road widths for on-street spaces and constructing off-street lots and multi-level structures. However,
This document discusses enhancing urban road maintenance in Ghana for sustainable urban development. It analyzes road maintenance needs and interventions for four road classes in Wa Municipality, Ghana over 30 years using the HDM-4 economic model. The following maintenance treatments were found most suitable and cost-effective: Class A roads - 70mm overlay every 11 years; Class B roads - 40mm overlay every 9 years; Class D roads - 40mm overlay every 9 years; Class E roads - 25mm surface dressing every 12 years. Timely road maintenance improves conditions and safety, reduces costs, and supports economic and social benefits for urban areas.
Proposed Framework for Effective Management of End-User Stakeholders’ in Publ...IJMREMJournal
Significant infrastructure such as roads, prisons, schools, rail tracks and train systems, among others are currently developed through the involvement of Public Private Partnership (PPP) arrangements which have been acknowledged internationally in recent time. The poor management of end-user stakeholder during PPP projects in developing nation like Nigeria has been established as one of the major factor affecting the successful growth and development of PPP projects. Due to the paucity in research on end-user stakeholder management on PPP projects in Nigeria, informs this study aim to expose the main strategic factors that can accommodate end-user stakeholder’s management in any PPP road project in Nigeria. The professionals that have worked on the project cum the end-user of the project area were used as targeted respondents for the adopted case study and survey strategies method approach. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the eighteen (18) interviews that were conducted having completed and analysed total number of 282 questionnaires using reliability and factor analysis approach. Seven valid underlying factors were revealed from 28 variables that were left on the questionnaire data with the aid of factor analysis which were used later as factors affecting end-user stakeholders’ management in PPP road project in Nigeria. A proposed framework was created with the seven underlying factors as a template for any successful PPP road project in developing country like Nigeria. These will quench the agitation of enduser stakeholders’ quarrels on PPP toll road projects
A study on road traffic safety projectJeremy Gomes
This document is a project proposal submitted by Jeremie Niyonzima and Immaculee Gumyusenge to the Faculty of Technology at Umutara Polytechnic for a study on road traffic safety in Nyagatare Town, Rwanda. The proposal includes an introduction outlining the background and objectives of the study, a literature review on road safety issues in Rwanda and engineering measures that can improve road safety, and the initial chapters that will guide the research. The overall aim of the study is to evaluate and analyze road traffic safety in Nyagatare Town and propose engineering solutions to improve safety.
A Digital Planning Tool for Shaping Up the Landscaping Architecture.pdfIJEACS
Landscape architecture is a comparatively new concept and is gaining prominence in town and country planning exercises. People marveled at the design of new towns when the infrastructure looks nice and well placed. However, when the planning exercise is not done properly this results in the implementation of poor infrastructure with narrow roads, lack of green spaces, no parking spots, congested streets and so. Architects are still using traditional hand drawing for their designs and sketches which have several limitations. Developing a landscape architecture planning system with appropriate tools will facilitate architects’ tasks and others to have an appropriate to ensure proper landscape planning without unnecessarily wasting time manually. This paper aims to present a desktop application with features for generating appropriate cartography which allows users to place appropriate objects representing real-world urban structures and buildings. The Waterfall methodology was used to build and implement the proposed system. The latter is expected to help in the reduction of parking problems and increase the number of green areas in towns. The application proposed includes appropriate validation techniques to allow users to plan a site and made sure that the standards set for parking spaces and green areas are being respected.
This document is a summer training report submitted by Ravi Gupta for his Bachelor of Technology degree in Civil Engineering. The report provides an overview of the Public Works Department in Uttar Pradesh and discusses the construction of cement concrete pavement. It describes the different types of pavements and materials used in concrete pavement construction, including cement, sand, aggregate, and minerals. The report outlines the procedures for constructing concrete pavement, from preparing the subgrade to placing, curing and protecting the concrete. It also includes cost analysis and conclusions from the summer training project observing concrete pavement construction.
The document discusses failures and disasters of roads. It begins with an introduction on the importance of road networks for economic development and highlights that many developing countries invest heavily in new road construction but neglect maintenance. The literature review covers previous research on parameters influencing pavement performance and identifying deficiencies. The objectives are to discuss causes of pavement failures and recommend ways to minimize them. Key areas studied are flexible pavement failures like cracks, rutting and potholes. The importance of regular highway maintenance to preserve assets and extend design life is also covered. The conclusion emphasizes the need for timely maintenance to avoid rapid deterioration and reduce future maintenance costs.
This document provides an overview of transit-oriented development (TOD), including its definition, types, goals, planning considerations, case studies, and how its effects are measured. TOD aims to maximize access to public transport through compact, mixed-use development near transit facilities. Case studies discussed include developments in the US, Brazil, and Australia that incorporated TOD principles like density, mixed uses, walkability and public transport access to achieve goals like increased ridership and reduced automobile dependence. A variety of indicators are used to measure TOD outcomes, such as ridership, vehicle ownership, and accessibility.
Review of the Segregated Cycle Tracks in Bhopalijtsrd
The document summarizes a study on segregated cycle tracks in Bhopal, India. It begins with background on the need for sustainable transportation to reduce emissions. It then reviews literature on the environmental and economic benefits of shifting short trips from cars to bicycles. The paper presents a case study of a 5.5km segregated cycle track along Hoshangabad Road in Bhopal. It describes the features of the track, including its width, separation from traffic, markings, lighting and bicycle rental stations. A survey of users found that most felt safe using the track but identified issues like lack of shade, drainage problems and parked vehicles obstructing the path.
Transit oriented development (TOD) aims to maximize residential, business and leisure space within walking distance of public transport to increase ridership and promote sustainable urban growth. A TOD typically includes a central transit stop surrounded by a high-density mixed-use area, with lower densities further out. TODs reduce reliance on private vehicles, improve quality of life, increase property values and reduce pollution. Case studies in Bangalore, India showed that metros can induce land use changes and densification around stations through increased building heights and commercial space.
Feasibility Study of Samruddhi Expresswayvivatechijri
This document presents a feasibility study of the proposed Samruddhi Expressway project in Maharashtra, India. It aims to estimate the construction rate, natural resources required, and optimal toll amount. The study divides the expressway into 16 sections assigned to contractors and estimates their construction rates. It calculates the quantities of cement, fly ash, sand, and aggregate required for the concrete pavement based on section lengths. Toll amounts collected annually are projected, finding the expressway costs will be recovered within 30 years. The study concludes the expressway will be profitable and boost development, though it requires huge investment and natural resources.
A REVIEW ON EFFECTIVE SOLUTION OF TRAFFIC CONGESTION ISSUES OCCURRING IN THE ...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of traffic congestion issues occurring in urban areas and potential solutions. It discusses that traffic congestion has increased substantially worldwide since the 1950s due to factors like increased vehicle ownership and poor road planning. The main causes of congestion identified are increased vehicle-road capacity ratio, poor road geometry, illegal parking, and insufficient road capacity during peak hours. Congestion leads to increased travel time, fuel consumption, vehicle maintenance costs, and air pollution. Several measures to reduce congestion are discussed, including improving road infrastructure, developing public transportation systems, and implementing congestion pricing.
Sustainability in Highway Projects: A Concise ReviewIRJET Journal
This document discusses sustainability in highway projects. It provides an overview of sustainable highway design and construction, which aims to limit the environmental impact of highways through practices like maximizing a highway's lifetime while restricting emissions. The document reviews various challenges with conventional highway construction that impact the environment. It also examines approaches for improving sustainability, such as prioritizing access over mobility, providing transportation options like walking/biking, and considering environmental and resource needs. Key aspects of sustainable highways discussed include self-awareness, information interaction, self-adaptation, and energy harvesting. The environmental impacts of highway construction activities like earthmoving are also addressed.
IRJET- Study on Transit Oriented DevelopmentIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on Transit Oriented Development (TOD). It begins by defining TOD as a tool for sustainable development that integrates land use and transportation planning around transit stations. It then discusses the goals and types of TOD, including urban and neighborhood TOD. Key parameters like density, diversity, and design are explained. Benefits of TOD for public and private sectors are provided. Challenges of implementing TOD like regulatory barriers and gentrification are noted. The document then reviews several other studies and case studies on TOD evaluation and land use planning methodology. It provides details on a case study of TOD implementation in Ahmedabad, India around its bus rapid transit and proposed metro rail lines.
Stakeholder analysis is component in a project design and implementation central to achievement of the goals and objectives for which projects are carried out. This study aimed at establishing the effect of stakeholder analysis on performance of road construction projects in Elgeyo Marakwet County. The study was anchored on Stakeholder Theory. The study population comprised of 19338 individuals who included employees of the county working within the road sector, personnel within various road construction agencies, contractors and community beneficiaries of the project. Stratified random sampling was then used to group individuals into two homogenous groups, one working directly with the project and the other of beneficiaries. Proportionate random sampling technique was then employed to sample 103 respondents in the first group who included Managers (4), County government employees (29), KURA (6), KenHA (6), KERRA (13) and Contractors (45). Simple random sampling was adopted to select 377 respondents from the community. Data collection instruments were self-administered questionnaires for personnel working directly with the project. On the other hand research assistants facilitated focused group discussions to get views from the community stakeholders. Both descriptive and inferential statistics informed the data analysis and presentation. Descriptive statistics included; percentages, means, standard and deviation. Inferential statistics was Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and multiple ordinal regression equation analysis. Statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS 23.0) software helped in data analysis. The study found out that stakeholder analysis had significant effect on performance of road construction projects (β3=0.203, P <0.05) on performance of road construction projects in Elgeyo Marakwet. The study recommends county Government should develop blueprints to guide road contractors in road project activities. Hence establish a favourable environment for implementations of road projects.
A Review Of Highways Geometric Design To Ensure Road Health And SafetySusan Campos
This document provides a review of highways geometric design and how it can help ensure road health and safety. It discusses two major aspects: 1) the engineering aspect of safe road infrastructure design, and 2) enhancing road safety from an engineering perspective. For engineering design, it emphasizes factors like road layout, markings, signage, and drainage facilities. It also discusses evaluation tools like multi-objective analysis that can help address economic, managerial and construction problems during design. The document stresses the importance of road safety audits and designing "self-explaining" roads to guide drivers. Overall, it analyzes how geometric design, enforcement of traffic laws, and public education can all contribute to making roads safer.
Essence of Compliance with Road Setbacks Standards in Developmental Projects ...ijtsrd
This paper examined the essence of setbacks in siting structures and buildings in ACT. The aim is achieved through the objective, to determine the essence of setbacks in developmental projects in Anambra Capital Territory. As a result of non compliance with road setbacks for development, ACT had become characterized by inadequate and deteriorated road network, walkways, unregulated building patterns, poor sanitation, uncontrolled street trading, mountains of garbage and chaotic transport system creating traffic and human congestion, noise pollution and overcrowding, among others. This work intends to address these issues and educate the citizens how essential are road setbacks. To achieve the stated aim, the study determined the essence of the sited structures to set standards in ACT. The foremost causes of non compliance with road setbacks in ACT approved by professionals and non professionals were also identified. The findings conclude that since there is a severe environmental effect in ACT, there is need for environmental education and awareness in the area, so as to educate the public on the importance implementing road setbacks. When people understand the reasons for urban planning, they will be far less likely to violate the legal construction standards and will likewise make objections known. Okafor B. N "Essence of Compliance with Road Setbacks Standards in Developmental Projects in Anambra Capital Territory" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33262.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/enviormental-science/33262/essence-of-compliance-with-road-setbacks-standards-in-developmental-projects-in-anambra-capital-territory/okafor-b-n
Adeoye Preye charles qsv/12/0227 term paper on Risk involved in highway const...Adeoye Charles
This term paper sheds light on the risks involved in the construction of highways and also the ways it can be prevented/eradicated so as to deliver optimum performance.
Studying parking policies and proposing solutions for illegally parked vehicl...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that studied parking issues and proposed solutions in the North and East zones of Surat City, India. The researchers conducted surveys at various parking sites over 15 days to analyze parking demand and supply. They found that some areas like Mansarovar Road and VIP Circle lacked sufficient road width for on-street parking. Other busy areas like Baroda Prestige Market and Maruti Chowk required multi-level parking structures due to high demand. The researchers proposed on-street and off-street parking solutions for 5 specific locations to address parking shortages and reduce illegal parking. These solutions included increasing road widths for on-street spaces and constructing off-street lots and multi-level structures. However,
This document discusses enhancing urban road maintenance in Ghana for sustainable urban development. It analyzes road maintenance needs and interventions for four road classes in Wa Municipality, Ghana over 30 years using the HDM-4 economic model. The following maintenance treatments were found most suitable and cost-effective: Class A roads - 70mm overlay every 11 years; Class B roads - 40mm overlay every 9 years; Class D roads - 40mm overlay every 9 years; Class E roads - 25mm surface dressing every 12 years. Timely road maintenance improves conditions and safety, reduces costs, and supports economic and social benefits for urban areas.
Proposed Framework for Effective Management of End-User Stakeholders’ in Publ...IJMREMJournal
Significant infrastructure such as roads, prisons, schools, rail tracks and train systems, among others are currently developed through the involvement of Public Private Partnership (PPP) arrangements which have been acknowledged internationally in recent time. The poor management of end-user stakeholder during PPP projects in developing nation like Nigeria has been established as one of the major factor affecting the successful growth and development of PPP projects. Due to the paucity in research on end-user stakeholder management on PPP projects in Nigeria, informs this study aim to expose the main strategic factors that can accommodate end-user stakeholder’s management in any PPP road project in Nigeria. The professionals that have worked on the project cum the end-user of the project area were used as targeted respondents for the adopted case study and survey strategies method approach. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the eighteen (18) interviews that were conducted having completed and analysed total number of 282 questionnaires using reliability and factor analysis approach. Seven valid underlying factors were revealed from 28 variables that were left on the questionnaire data with the aid of factor analysis which were used later as factors affecting end-user stakeholders’ management in PPP road project in Nigeria. A proposed framework was created with the seven underlying factors as a template for any successful PPP road project in developing country like Nigeria. These will quench the agitation of enduser stakeholders’ quarrels on PPP toll road projects
A study on road traffic safety projectJeremy Gomes
This document is a project proposal submitted by Jeremie Niyonzima and Immaculee Gumyusenge to the Faculty of Technology at Umutara Polytechnic for a study on road traffic safety in Nyagatare Town, Rwanda. The proposal includes an introduction outlining the background and objectives of the study, a literature review on road safety issues in Rwanda and engineering measures that can improve road safety, and the initial chapters that will guide the research. The overall aim of the study is to evaluate and analyze road traffic safety in Nyagatare Town and propose engineering solutions to improve safety.
A Digital Planning Tool for Shaping Up the Landscaping Architecture.pdfIJEACS
Landscape architecture is a comparatively new concept and is gaining prominence in town and country planning exercises. People marveled at the design of new towns when the infrastructure looks nice and well placed. However, when the planning exercise is not done properly this results in the implementation of poor infrastructure with narrow roads, lack of green spaces, no parking spots, congested streets and so. Architects are still using traditional hand drawing for their designs and sketches which have several limitations. Developing a landscape architecture planning system with appropriate tools will facilitate architects’ tasks and others to have an appropriate to ensure proper landscape planning without unnecessarily wasting time manually. This paper aims to present a desktop application with features for generating appropriate cartography which allows users to place appropriate objects representing real-world urban structures and buildings. The Waterfall methodology was used to build and implement the proposed system. The latter is expected to help in the reduction of parking problems and increase the number of green areas in towns. The application proposed includes appropriate validation techniques to allow users to plan a site and made sure that the standards set for parking spaces and green areas are being respected.
This document is a summer training report submitted by Ravi Gupta for his Bachelor of Technology degree in Civil Engineering. The report provides an overview of the Public Works Department in Uttar Pradesh and discusses the construction of cement concrete pavement. It describes the different types of pavements and materials used in concrete pavement construction, including cement, sand, aggregate, and minerals. The report outlines the procedures for constructing concrete pavement, from preparing the subgrade to placing, curing and protecting the concrete. It also includes cost analysis and conclusions from the summer training project observing concrete pavement construction.
The document discusses failures and disasters of roads. It begins with an introduction on the importance of road networks for economic development and highlights that many developing countries invest heavily in new road construction but neglect maintenance. The literature review covers previous research on parameters influencing pavement performance and identifying deficiencies. The objectives are to discuss causes of pavement failures and recommend ways to minimize them. Key areas studied are flexible pavement failures like cracks, rutting and potholes. The importance of regular highway maintenance to preserve assets and extend design life is also covered. The conclusion emphasizes the need for timely maintenance to avoid rapid deterioration and reduce future maintenance costs.
1Problem StatementIt is impossible to avoid an increase in t.docxdurantheseldine
1
Problem Statement
It is impossible to avoid an increase in traffic congestion in huge metropolitan areas that are expanding, such as those found in New York City and other major cities across the world. Congestion during rush hour is an inevitable consequence of how modern societies are organized (Lu et al.). It results from people's widespread desire to pursue specific goals, which invariably leads to overloading already-existing roads and transit systems daily. The vast majority of Americans in New York City who are on the move during peak commute times do so in their own cars. all forms of public transportation lack the comfort, speed, privacy, and convenience of privately owned vehicles. The global trend toward private automobile ownership directly results from rising per capital incomes, leading to an exodus from public transportation and other less convenient options. Because of many people drive their own cars on the road, despite the New York City government efforts to alleviate the problem, traffic congestion continues to get worse. This is something that is universally despised. It presents a substantial challenge for public policy, frequently leaves commuters feeling irritated and helpless. Although it's possible that governments may never be able to remove traffic congestion completely, there are a number of steps that states and municipalities can take to alleviate the problem. The primary mobility problem we face is that too many people want to move simultaneously every day. In order to keep the economy and educational institutions running smoothly, it is important that individuals go to work, school, and do errands at around the same time. It would be disastrous for our economy and way of life to abandon that fundamental requirement (Lu et al.). Every big city in the world faces the same issue. In my research plan, I will use the New York City as my target organization and New York State Department of Transport especially the engineering division as the agency to deal with the congestion during the rush hour.
Background
Agency Culture
In 1967, New York state department of transportation (NYSDOT) was formed. It is a department of New York state government responsible for the operation and development of mass transit systems, railroads, highways, ports, waterways and aviation facilities in the US state of New York. They also develop the transportation policy for the New York state. NYSDOT coordinate with the transportation and ensure all customers who live in New York have an efficient, safe, and balanced transportation system. The New York state department of transportation engineering division have the responsibility of addressing the challenge of congestion that has been reported in their desk. The New York state department of transportation engineering division is receiving the detailed report that argues that New York City is not doing well when it comes to the traffic flow especially during peak hours and this is wh.
This document summarizes a case study of a tolled road project implemented through a Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) agreement in a city in India. Key risks identified include social opposition and public protests shutting down toll booths. The project involved developing 50km of roads through the municipal corporation area to address traffic issues. The concessionaire was responsible for construction, maintenance, and operating 9 toll plazas for 30 years to collect tolls and other revenues to recoup costs. Traffic analysis of toll plazas showed daily vehicle volumes.
Analysis of Road Transport Dynamics in Gombe City, Gombe State, NigeriaAJSERJournal
Road transportation, particularly in developing world continuous to be among the crucial factors of global
change in the 21st century affecting the physical dimension of cities. As such, the paper examines the road transport
development in Gombe city. In order to achieve the objectives of this research, road maps of Gombe metropolis of
1996, 2005 and 2014 were acquired to determine the changes in road network development using alpha, beta and
gamma indices and 282 copies of questionnaire were distributed to assess the effects of road transport development on
commercial activities in the study area. The results of the computation of gamma: 56.9%, 57.9% and 60.0%, beta: 1.61,
1.70 and 1.80 and alpha 31.3%, 35.3% and 38.9% indices indicated that there is a significant increase in road
connectivity in Gombe metropolis from 1996 through the 2005 to 2014. Further results revealed 95% of the
respondents indicated that improvement in road network affects movement and economic activities in many ways
which include: provision of access to commercial outfits which bring about profit by locating along major roads,
junctions and roundabouts which in turn result to increase in income, improvement in standard of living and reduction
in poverty. It is therefore, concluded that road transport development dictate the pattern of urban commercial outfits
and also affects commercial activities positively. The study discovered the importance of road transport infrastructure
to the improvement of commercial activities in the study area. It is consequently, recommended that more roads should
be constructed, renovated and dualyzed in order to improve and diversify the commercial nature of Gombe metropolis.
The study further exposed that urban roads are given more priority in Gombe State. Thus, recommended that rural
roads should be improved to harness the economic potentials in the state at large.
The document discusses road networks, including their functions and components. It reviews literature on road network concepts and Vision 2040, which outlines expectations for reliable, environmentally-friendly, and accessible road infrastructure. The document also examines road network operations, traffic management, and the role of road networks in social and economic development.
Similar to GEOSPATIAL ANALYSIS OF BUILDING DEMOLITION DURING ROAD EXPANSION PROJECT IN ADO-ODO OTA SETTINGS (20)
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
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2. Geospatial Analysis of Building Demolition During Road Expansion Project in ADO-ODO OTA Settings
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 304 editor@iaeme.com
Cite this Article: G. A. Adeyemi, O. G. Gbolahan, M. Markus, S. O. Edeki,
Geospatial Analysis of Building Demolition During Road Expansion Project in ADO-
ODO OTA Settings, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology
(IJCIET) 9(12), 2018, pp. 303–314.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=9&IType=12
1. INTRODUCTION
Road expansion is key and indispensable in the physical and economic development of any
country, city or towns. Areas with expanding road network, the value of property and land
tends to increase rapidly, hence a rapid increase in the price, standard of living, cost of
housing and land, increase in population are expected in regions or towns with a rapid
transportation improvements (Goldberg, 1970). The economic and physical growth of any
town, state or country will definitely be limited in development without adequate
transportation system (Oyesiku, 2002). Cost valuation models in terms of stochastic dynamics
can be adopted when considering building demolition (Edeki et al. 2015, Edeki et al. 2016a,
Edeki et al. 2016b).
Incessant building demolitions during road expansion projects have been noticed
generally across the nation, the closeness of houses and the development of infrastructures too
close to the highways has been a concern both for commercial and residential purposes.
Public spaces in human society originated before the developed environment. Settlements
encroaching into open spaces require statutory control to guarantee deliberate advancement
and mutual existence of different land use. According to Fadamiro (2002), park system, street
space and the entire larger space in which the city exists could be referred to as public space.
In developing countries like Nigeria, public spaces are subjected to depletion and
encroachment. This is as a result of rapid urbanization, increase in population, demand of
space for human activities. Applying GIS models to reach such decisions would provide a
transparent, well-defined and technical approach to the selection of sites (Adeyemi et al. 2018)
Road improvement is very important and necessary in order to preserve the roads in its
originally constructed state thereby providing a convenient travel along the route.
Unfortunately, maintenance is not properly carried out especially in the developing countries
which will eventually cause road failure over time. Unfortunately it’s impossible to build
roads which will not require maintenance.
The roads were however lacking in standard designs due to the fact that single lane roads
had sharp curves and poor drainage facilities. In the year 1952, 15,785km of bituminous
surface and 75,200km of gravel/earth roads were already in existence in Nigeria. According to
federal ministry of works & housing (2003) the total estimate of the current road is about
200,000km The Nigerian road classification system classifies Nigerian roads into three major
categories which are;
Trunk “A” roads (federal roads): they are roads under the federal government ownership and
they are maintained and developed by the federal government.
Trunk “B” roads (state roads): they are under the management and ownership of the states.
Trunk “C” road (local government roads): they are roads under the local government
ownership and development.
Maintenance of road means keeping and preserving the existence of road facilities as near
as possible to its initial construction state. These involves correcting defects that might
develop due to ageing, usage and the effect of the element and making appropriate steps
towards correcting this defect thereby preventing the development or delaying the
development of other structural defects or deficiencies. Maintenance operation in Nigeria is
3. G. A. Adeyemi, O. G. Gbolahan, M. Markus, S. O. Edeki
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classified into the following categories. The loss of property , business as a result of building
demolition during road expansion projects is becoming a common issue in Nigeria, this
demolition projects often times affect the residence of the affected buildings. Although a
token is paid as compensation for the affected individuals but it’s seen as often times
inadequate by these individuals when compared to the loss and inconveniencies incurred. GIS
helps to represent geophysical data in their geographic location and enhance predictive
capability (Awoyera P.O et al 2016)
Therefore, this research will be focused one examining the issue of demolition of
structures with the main focus on establishing the causes and effect of building demolition
and who is to blame, using Ado-Odo Ota as a case study. This research will help to prevent or
reduce the occurrence of such exercise
The main aim of this project is to ascertain the level of building demolition during road
expansion projects using ado Odo Ota as a case study .this research also seeks to determine
the effects of this demolition process on the citizens whose properties are affected by the
demolition process.
2. OVERVIEW OF THE LOCATION AND MEANS OF ANALYSIS
Roads are engineering facilities meant to aid the movement of people and goods from one
geographic location to the other.
Road transportation is the common means of merchandise transportation in Africa,
representing 80 percent of the merchandise movement and 90 percent traveler activity on the
mainland (Ajani, 2001). Road infrastructure is the core of any country’s improvement and the
central point for its effective planning towards the accomplishment of feasible advancement.
Due to the advantage of road transportation being able to provide door to door services, Road
transportation is most disparaged among different means of transportation particularly in
developing countries like Nigeria. road developments in Nigeria got a noteworthy lift in the
1970‟s amid the „‟oil boom‟ period and has from that point forward turn into a noteworthy
part of yearly capital spending plans at both the states and national levels. With the relating
increment in rush hour gridlock volumes on our street described by fluctuating arrangement
and hub loads, street disintegration and disappointment are experienced. Road planning in
Nigeria have been tormented by various issues, for example, flawed outlines, lacking seepage
framework, potholes, washed away asphalts, fallen scaffolds and so forth these have made it
troublesome, costly and more difficult to move items and administrations from makers to
buyers, cultivate deliver from rustic to urban focuses, which regularly prompt loss of worker
hours and high cost of merchandise and ventures. The yearly loss because of awful roads is
esteemed at 80 billion naira, while extra vehicle working expense coming about because of
terrible streets is esteemed at 53.8 billion, bringing the aggregate loss per annum to 133.8
billion( Federal Ministry of Works& Housing,2003). This consider does not bring with
account the man-hour misfortunes in rush hour gridlock because of awful streets and other
enthusiastic and physical injury individuals experience utilizing the streets and the resulting
misfortune in profitability.
Road systems assume a fundamental part in the financial and political improvement of any
nation. It is subsequently important to consider the issues related to road support with a view
to proffering answers and solutions to them. To adapt to the pace of maintenance of the
regularly expanding rate of street harm, there is a need for adequate spatially referenced street
related information, unified geo-database for the spatially referenced information, and
continuous access to street information data and models for viable administration. GIS
innovation is the appropriate response. The abilities of Geographic Information System (GIS)
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in information collection, analysis and dispersal will incredibly support road upkeep, as it can
deal with spatially referenced information with speed and at least cost.
The population of urban inhabitants continue rising throughout the world. at a yearly rate
of double the development rate of the world`s total populace (UN-HABITAT, 2006). the
United Nations current estimate has put the total populace at 6.572 billion individuals, out of
which around half now lived in the urban zones, and by 2030, around 61% of the total world
populace is anticipated to live in the urban areas; This development is expected to take place
mainly in developing countries (Daramola and Ibem, 2001; UN, 2004; UNCHS, 2007;
UNFPA, 2007).
In order for the government to achieve a sustainable development, government needs to
provide transport facilities and infrastructure that ensures security, safety, economic and
social enhancement, welfare and health, restoration and protection of natural habitat. One of
the initial steps taking by the government in ensuring that these infrastructures and facilities
are provided is the acquisition of appropriate land. In some instances, several locations could
be good for these facilities and government is able to purchase these lands directly through the
land market.
According Olagbadebo and Dienye (2008), the advanced generation of maps which help
in enhancing the decipherability, precision and refreshing strategies is accomplished utilizing
Geographic Information System (GIS). Thus the advancement of a GIS based street map of
Port Harcourt for taking care of issues related with the street planning.
3. BASIC AND RESEARCH TERMS
3.1. Road Expansion
Roads are engineering facilities meant to aid the movement of people, good from one
geographic location to the other it is used to leave a particular place of origin to get to an
intended destination. Road expansion is the process of widening the roads by adding
additional lanes to meet up with the current traffic demand. For almost a century, road
expansion has been touted as an intense boost for the nearby economy (Dom Nozzi 2013), he
also described road expansion in his book as the best invention man has ever come up with.
According to vanguard (2018) the federal government of Nigeria is to spend N300 billion for
the rehabilitation and construction of roads in 2016.
3.2. Demolition
Demolition simply means to completely destroy a building especially in order to use it for
something else. In Nigeria, there have been several publications on the building demolition
for instance; (Onyeose 2011) reported that Abuja environmental protection board (AFPB)
carried out evacuation and demolition exercise in Nyanya and its surroundings. The vanguard
(2018) reported that 100 buildings were demolished by the Ogun state government for road
project. The news (2013) also reported the demolition of illegal structures by Sokoto
government. Urban improvement, in modern context, requires careful urban planning,critical
review ol land use/land cover.
3.3. Why are building demolished?
Where a structure raised is observed to be defective as to constitute risk or an annoyance to
the occupier and general society, the Control Department (in charge of issues identifying with
advancement control and execution of physical improvement designs) has the ability to serve
a destruction see on an engineer of such structure. The Notice given might contain a date
which ought not be later than twenty-one days on which the Control Department should then
find a way to effect the demolition. After the termination of the time determined in the notice,
5. G. A. Adeyemi, O. G. Gbolahan, M. Markus, S. O. Edeki
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the control division makes fundamental move to effect the demolition. The engineer of the
building/structure has an obligation to repay the Control Department for all costs sensibly
brought about in the demolition.
3.4. Setback
A setback according to the land use code is the minimum distance a building or structure must
leave before any construction takes place, Except permitted by the Land Use Code.
3.5. Where are setback measured?
Setbacks are measured most of the times from property lines. Setbacks are needed along the
front, back, and side property lines. In any case, back street and access easements crossing a
property may require extraordinary Setback from the focal point of the rear way or edge of an
entrance easement. When estimating a front setback from a property line connecting an open
road or private street, the setback is measured from the internal edge of the right of way (for
open/public road) or tract (for private road) Unlike right of way, access easement generally
does not coincide with property lines. The easement might be found mostly or completely on
your property. At the point when a front-yard difficulty is required from an easement situated
on a property, the setback is taken from the internal edge of the easement. Assuming that the
property contains critical areas, extra buffer and setback apply and are taken from the critical
region edge. The amount of setback required depends on the land use authorities where the
property is situated and whether setback is along a front, back, or side property line.
3.6. Nigerian laws on building demolition
The Urban and Regional Planning Act made no arrangement for pay to proprietors or
occupiers of structures that were pulverized due to being flawed. Yet, arrangements for pay
are made for inhabitants of territories proposed to be enhanced by the National Urban and
Regional Planning Commission (Federal Level) or the State Urban and Regional Planning
Board (State Level) or the Local Planning Authority. Thus, where any of these experts trusts
that the recovery, redesign and update of the physical condition, social offices and framework
of a specific zone is conceivable, it at that point proclaims such region as a change region.
Nonetheless, the relevant authority announces such a zone as an improvement zone
simply after:
the occupants of the region have been educated about: the reasons and substance of the
proposed change, the forces vested in the significant specialist, the offices that will be given in
the territory and the advantages to be gotten from the change;
gatherings must have been held with the neighborhood administration of the zone or some
other relationship in the zone to know the perspectives of the occupants in the territory
concerning the proposed change and furthermore to set up councils to screen the advance of
the restoration, redesign and update;
educating other important statutory experts of the proposed change and taking their
perspectives; and
Taking into account the perspectives and remarks about the proposed change.
While numerous policies have drastically enhanced social welfare in numerous areas,
numerous disappointments in compliance exist. A prior OECD report recognized eight
reasons for resistance from the perspective of those targeted:
− Failure to comprehend the law.
− Collapse of faith in law.
6. Geospatial Analysis of Building Demolition During Road Expansion Project in ADO-ODO OTA Settings
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− Procedural unfairness.
− Costs of administrative consistence.
− Deterrence disappointment.
− Incapacitation of those managed.
− Failure of influence.
− Failure of common society.
3.7. Reasons why GIS is Important in Urban Planning?
GIS innovation is frequently utilized as a part of urban planning, and effects individuals living
in the zone from numerous points of view. The advantages of utilizing a GIS in urban
planning are various, in light of the fact that GIS contemplates a wide range of components to
help build an effective and organized city.
GIS can be applied at different scales of urban and local planning administration,
extending from neighborhood, provincial, mainland to international and worldwide ecological
issues. GIS joins data from various sources by relating them as per area. The information from
these sources can be gathered into sensible and significant layers that can be consolidated to
form a single map.
Urban planning requires numerous layers of detail on a single map, and one of the
highlights of a GIS is multilayered mapping. Every one of these layers has diverse sorts of
data and information related with it. A municipal planning agency can utilize a GIS to see a
wide range of things, surface water, Road networks, agricultural lands, and highly erodible
land. This multilayered capacity can have a major effect when building up an area. G.A
Adeyemi and S.O Edeki (2018) opined that the need of better descriptive models such as the
Geographic Information System (GIS) whose effectiveness in data representation for both
quali- tative and qualitative decision making in a problem solving environment cannot be over
emphasized
According to Samuel O & Leke (2005) the flexibility and dynamism of the GIS
innovation gives data to organizers to effectively plan. The unique feature of GIS is its
capacity to give answers to the questions through rational and efficient investigation of the
circumstance and help organizers to take snappy choice. Planning comprise of settling on
decisions among different options that appears to be available to the future and securing their
execution which rely upon designation of necessary resources. Data has been portrayed as
"the essential asset in all decision making", nonetheless, in the act of urban developing in the
creating cities most choices are being made based on insufficient data and in a disconnected
and incremental way (Dale and McLaughlin 1988). GIS can assist a planners in answering a
set of nonexclusive questions. to for taking proper decisions. Recorded underneath are
potential application regions of GIS in planning;
Natural resources management.
Land use / Land cover evaluation and monitoring.
Water inventory and monitoring.
Environmental planning and management.
Emergency planning and management.
Education plays a pivotal role for the people to obey and abide by government rules and
regulations in respecting road setback for them to escape the likely havocs that may emanate
from lack of regard for road setback. Adeyemi, et al 2016 opined that Today, the corporate
growth and development requires planning and taking the right decisions at the right time.
7. G. A. Adeyemi, O. G. Gbolahan, M. Markus, S. O. Edeki
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Taking the right decision in road decongestion would enhance societal orderliness. In
addition, The quality of built structures in an environment defines the level of advancement
attained by the society.
4. METHODOLOGY
Field survey was carried out with the administration of a well-structured questionnaire with
the primary aim of collecting data in order to extract significant information that would
enhance the study and facilitate the understanding of public perception on the cause and effect
of building demolition during road expansion projects, determine their level of awareness of
the policies guiding setbacks and determine the impacts of building demolition on their
general well beign. Questionnaires were administered in the areas where building demolitions
took place during road expansion. Oral interviews were equally conducted with the aim of
gathering additional information and contributions from local residence in general. In
addition, information was extricated from unpublished works running from books,
conferences proceedings Satellite image of the study area was used to estimate the numbers of
houses that would be demolished should the government decide to expand a particular road.
4.1. Section A - General Information/ Socio-demographics
The first section of the questionnaire inquired into general information of the respondent such
as age, sex, marital status, education level, occupation and estimate of average annual income
level.
4.2. Section B - Household Statistics
This section inquired into the basic household statistics of the respondent such as the type of
residence, total number of people in the residence.
4.3. Section C – Authenticity of property documents owned by respondents
This section was aimed at ensuring that the properties demolished have proper documents
approved by town planning authorities.
4.4. Section D – perception on building demolition and road setback awareness
This section examined the level of aware of these individuals on road setback distances
5. METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS
The primary data obtained via the administered questionnaires were analysed using
mathematical and statistical tools of IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM
SPSS 20). The tool was used to generate statistical information as well as relevant
illustrations and diagrams such as tables, pie-charts, bar-charts, graphs, frequency tables and
percentages etc. Observations Made on the Field Survey. Data were collected on the 3rd
March
2018 and 10th
March 2018
6. RESULTS
It is recorded that 32% of the total respondents have been on this property for less than 5
years, 20.7% has been on this property between 5-10 years, 17.3% have been on this property
for 10-30 years while 30% of the respondents have been living on this property for a period of
30 years and above. This shows that development of this region took place within the past 30
years. As a city increases in population, proper spatial planning should be put in place to
accommodate the need for residential land use in the city.
8. Geospatial Analysis of Building Demolition During Road Expansion Project in ADO-ODO OTA Settings
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Figure 1 Total number of years spent on the properties
Figure 2 A chart showing the percentage of people who approved documentation
From the pie chart above, it shows that 96.67% of the total respondents have valid
certificate of occupancy approve by the town planning authorities while 3.33% of the
respondents don’t have approve documents.
Figure 3 Adequacy of compensation
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Less than 5
years
5-10 years 10-30 years 30 years
and above
Frequency
Percentage (%)
97%
3%
Yes
No
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Very
adequate
Adequate Average Inadequate Very
inadequate
Frequency
Percentage (%)
9. G. A. Adeyemi, O. G. Gbolahan, M. Markus, S. O. Edeki
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The information displayed above displays the inadequacy of compensation paid to
respondents whose buildings were demolished by the government.43% of the total number of
respondents said the compensation paid by the government was inadequate.
Figure 4 Effect of road expansion on business and wellbeing respondents
The information above indicates that loss of costumers was the greatest effect of the
expansion of the road which is 40% while 38% of the respondent experienced reduction in
profit. Other effect were exposure to environmental factors i.e rain, sun, Wind, road blockage,
dusty atmosphere.
Figure 5 Level of awareness of the respondent on road setback
The graph above shows that 86.7% of the total respondents are aware of setback policies
while 20% of the total respondents are not aware of setback policies. This shows that a sizable
amount of the total respondents whose buildings were demolished are aware of these policies
but either choose not to comply with the setback policies or little attention is given to the
implementation of these policies. Educational promotion can alleviate poverty and
unemployment being confronted by many developing countries of the world and reduce
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Loss of
customers
Reduction in
profit made
Exposure to
environmental
agents
Frequency
Percentage (%)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Yes No
Frequency
Percentage (%)
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deterioration of human capital at the long run (Bamgboye and Adeyemi, 2016).
Environmental management in relation to waste, materials, and structure are of great
important that cannot be neglected in geographical planning (Busari, Akinmusuru,
Dahunsi,(2018) and Bamigboye, Adedeji, Olukanni, Jolayemi, (2017)).
7. CONCLUSIONS
There must be attitudinal change in order to attain the expected development and orderly
society, and this will cut across all the societal strata. Effective planning, monitoring and
implementation of government policies especially in respect for road setbacks would enhance
free flow of traffic, save man-hour, promote human health and prevent environmental
pollution. The society would need to change from old ways of doing things, follow the path of
discipline, patriotism, honesty, transparency, follow due process and orderliness. Awareness
creation and land use reviews in all the local governments would enhance the general sanity.
The rule of law should hold at all times and everywhere, no matter how highly placed the
offender could be. Also, The need for the inclusion of GIS in road construction planning and
maintenance cannot be over emphasized. It would enhance efficiency, accuracy and speed of
operations. Town planning authorities should ensure that all private/public buildings
especially those situated along major roads should leave standard road setback distance before
approval for construction. The use of GIS in road construction planning and maintenance
should be encouraged, this will save costs and enhance adequacy in future planning. Adequate
road design and road network planning should be ensured prior to construction of
buildings/development less developed area in order to prevent future. traffic congestion.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors are indeed thankful to Covenant University for all forms of support, and also
thank the anonymous reviewers for their useful and helpful comments.
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