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![Unilateral Tolerance
Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance
and Surface finish symbols
9
Variation Variation from
the specified dimension
is permitted in only one
direction
Either positive or
negative, but not both
[5]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gdt-190718132910/75/Geometric-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-9-2048.jpg)
![Bilateral Tolerance
Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance
and Surface finish symbols
10
Variation is permitted in
both positive and
negative directions from
the nominal dimension
Possible for a bilateral
tolerance to be
unbalanced.
Ex:2.500 +0.010,-0.005
[5]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gdt-190718132910/75/Geometric-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-10-2048.jpg)
![Compound tolerance
Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance
and Surface finish symbols
11
When tolerance is
determined by established
tolerances on more than
one dimension,it is known
as compound tolerance.
Example tolerance R
[5]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gdt-190718132910/75/Geometric-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-11-2048.jpg)
![Datum Reference Frame (DRF):
Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance
and Surface finish symbols
13
Primary Features & Datum
Secondary Features & Datum
Tertiary Features & Datum
[1]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gdt-190718132910/75/Geometric-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-13-2048.jpg)
![Datum Feature vs Datum Plane:
Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance
and Surface finish symbols
14
The datum features are
the features (surfaces) on
the part that will be
contacted by the datum
simulators.
The symbol is a capital
letter (except I,O,and Q)
in a box such as A
[1]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gdt-190718132910/75/Geometric-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-14-2048.jpg)
![Datum Plane vs Datum Axis
Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance
and Surface finish symbols
15
A datum plane is the datum simulator such as a
surface plate.
A datum axis is also the axis of a datum simulator
such as a three (3) jaw chuck or an expandable collt.
[1]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gdt-190718132910/75/Geometric-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-15-2048.jpg)
![Feature Control Frame:
Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance
and Surface finish symbols
16
[4]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gdt-190718132910/75/Geometric-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-16-2048.jpg)
![GD&T Symbols / Meanings
Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance
and Surface finish symbols
17
[1]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gdt-190718132910/75/Geometric-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-17-2048.jpg)
![Position Tolerance
Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance
and Surface finish symbols
19
Positional tolerances are probably
used more than any other
geometric control.
It is used to locate features of size
from datum planes such as a hole or
keyway and used to locate features
coaxial to a datum axis.
which is shown in a box
[1]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gdt-190718132910/75/Geometric-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-19-2048.jpg)
![Concentricity & Symmetry Tolerances
Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance
and Surface finish symbols
20
Concentricity is applied to circular.
whereas symmetry is applied to non circular
features.
[1]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gdt-190718132910/75/Geometric-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-20-2048.jpg)
![Profile Tolerance
Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance
and Surface finish symbols
21
Profile tolerances can control the location, orientation,
and form of a feature that has no size (surface).
[1]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gdt-190718132910/75/Geometric-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-21-2048.jpg)
![Run Out Tolerances
Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance
and Surface finish symbols
22
Run out tolerances control the relationship of a feature
relative to a datum axis established from one (1) diameter
or two (2) diameters separated axially.
[1]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gdt-190718132910/75/Geometric-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-22-2048.jpg)
![Orientation Tolerances
Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance
and Surface finish symbols
23
Perpendicularity symbol is ⊥
Parallelism symbol is ⁄⁄
[1]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gdt-190718132910/75/Geometric-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-23-2048.jpg)
![Form Tolerances
Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance
and Surface finish symbols
24
Straightness
Flatness
Circularity (Roundness)
Cylindricity
[1]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gdt-190718132910/75/Geometric-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-24-2048.jpg)
![Surface Roughness Equation
Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance
and Surface finish symbols
25
Arithmetic average (AA)
where Ra = average
roughness
y = vertical deviation
from nominal surface
Lm = specified
distance over which the
surface deviations are
measured.
dx
L
y
R
mL
m
a ∫
0
=
[5]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gdt-190718132910/75/Geometric-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-25-2048.jpg)
![Lay Symbols
Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance
and Surface finish symbols
26
[2]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gdt-190718132910/75/Geometric-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-26-2048.jpg)
![Surface Roughness Specification
Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance
and Surface finish symbols
27
[3]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gdt-190718132910/75/Geometric-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-27-2048.jpg)
![Case Study
Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance
and Surface finish symbols
29
[2]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gdt-190718132910/75/Geometric-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-29-2048.jpg)
![Referances
Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance
and Surface finish symbols
30
NADCA Product Specification Standards for Die Castings / 2006 [1]
GD&TWorking through the Misconceptions
https://i1.wp.com/advantagegdt.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/piston_Page_2-
8x6.png [2]
Understanding surface roughness symbols
https://www.keyence.com/ss/products/microscope/roughness/line/roughness-
symbols.jsp [3]
9/4/2014 Argonne National Laboratory / Daniel Pasholk
https://www.aps.anl.gov/files/APS-Uploads/DD/Procedurals/Datums_GDT.pptx [4]
GD&T PPTX http://www.itt.3d-me-ds.com/ppt/Week1_ GDT.ppt [5]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gdt-190718132910/75/Geometric-Dimensioning-and-Tolerancing-30-2048.jpg)
Uploaded byLalit Patil
Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing
The document provides a comprehensive overview of Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD&T), including its history, types of tolerances, and symbols. It outlines the importance of GD&T in ensuring clear communication between manufacturers and designers and simplifies the inspection process. Key topics include dimensional tolerance, geometric tolerance, surface finish symbols, and specific case studies related to GD&T applications.
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Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing
- 1. - Presented by PatilLalit Sunil Patil Ankit Kiran Pawar Raveena S. Pawar Rutuja Vijay Phatangare Rahul B. - Guided by Prof. D. S. Bajaj50 25 4X 12.5 + 0.1
- 2. Contents : Dimensional tolerance,Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 2 Introduction Why should GD&T to be used? What is GD&T? Evolution Types of Tolerances Feature control frame GD&T Symbols SurfaceTechnology Case Study
- 3. Introduction Dimensional tolerance, Geometrictolerance and Surface finish symbols 3 Introduced by Stanley Parker from Scotland in1930’s History Communication between manufacturer and designer Major role during assembly of part Clear,Concise,and Consistent instructions
- 4. Why should GD&Tbe used? Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 4 It is a simple and efficient method for describing the tolerancing. It simplifies inspection. It eliminates ambiguities as to what Datum features.
- 5. What is GD&T? Dimensionaltolerance, Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 5 It is compilation of symbols and rules that efficiently describe and control dimensioning & tolerancing for all drawings (castings, machined components , etc.) It is documented in ASMEY14.5M which has the symbols, rules, and simple examples.
- 6. Evolution of ASMEY14.5 Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 6 ASME Y14.5M-1994 is old version ASME Y14.5-2009 most updated M is dropped for Metric compatibility. Updates of standards ▪ Datum refererance ▪ Composite position tolerance ▪ Profile tolerance
- 7. Performance of object Dimensionaltolerance, Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 7 Factors that determine the performance of object Dimensions Tolerances Surface Finish
- 8. Types of tolerances Dimensionaltolerance, Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 8 UnilateralTolerances BilateralTolerances CompoundTolerances GeometricTolerances
- 9. Unilateral Tolerance Dimensional tolerance,Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 9 Variation Variation from the specified dimension is permitted in only one direction Either positive or negative, but not both [5]
- 10. Bilateral Tolerance Dimensional tolerance,Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 10 Variation is permitted in both positive and negative directions from the nominal dimension Possible for a bilateral tolerance to be unbalanced. Ex:2.500 +0.010,-0.005 [5]
- 11. Compound tolerance Dimensional tolerance,Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 11 When tolerance is determined by established tolerances on more than one dimension,it is known as compound tolerance. Example tolerance R [5]
- 12. Geometric Tolerance Dimensional tolerance,Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 12 Geometric tolerances are used to indicate the relationship of one part of an object with another. .25 .125 +/- .002 .01
- 13. Datum Reference Frame(DRF): Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 13 Primary Features & Datum Secondary Features & Datum Tertiary Features & Datum [1]
- 14. Datum Feature vsDatum Plane: Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 14 The datum features are the features (surfaces) on the part that will be contacted by the datum simulators. The symbol is a capital letter (except I,O,and Q) in a box such as A [1]
- 15. Datum Plane vsDatum Axis Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 15 A datum plane is the datum simulator such as a surface plate. A datum axis is also the axis of a datum simulator such as a three (3) jaw chuck or an expandable collt. [1]
- 16. Feature Control Frame: Dimensionaltolerance, Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 16 [4]
- 17. GD&T Symbols /Meanings Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 17 [1]
- 18. Location Tolerances Dimensional tolerance,Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 18 Position concentricity Symmetry Types of LocationTolerances o PositionTolerance o Concentricity & SymmetryTolerances
- 19. Position Tolerance Dimensional tolerance,Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 19 Positional tolerances are probably used more than any other geometric control. It is used to locate features of size from datum planes such as a hole or keyway and used to locate features coaxial to a datum axis. which is shown in a box [1]
- 20. Concentricity & SymmetryTolerances Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 20 Concentricity is applied to circular. whereas symmetry is applied to non circular features. [1]
- 21. Profile Tolerance Dimensional tolerance,Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 21 Profile tolerances can control the location, orientation, and form of a feature that has no size (surface). [1]
- 22. Run Out Tolerances Dimensionaltolerance, Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 22 Run out tolerances control the relationship of a feature relative to a datum axis established from one (1) diameter or two (2) diameters separated axially. [1]
- 23. Orientation Tolerances Dimensional tolerance,Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 23 Perpendicularity symbol is ⊥ Parallelism symbol is ⁄⁄ [1]
- 24. Form Tolerances Dimensional tolerance,Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 24 Straightness Flatness Circularity (Roundness) Cylindricity [1]
- 25. Surface Roughness Equation Dimensionaltolerance, Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 25 Arithmetic average (AA) where Ra = average roughness y = vertical deviation from nominal surface Lm = specified distance over which the surface deviations are measured. dx L y R mL m a ∫ 0 = [5]
- 26. Lay Symbols Dimensional tolerance,Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 26 [2]
- 27. Surface Roughness Specification Dimensionaltolerance, Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 27 [3]
- 28. Energy Forms thatAffect Surface Integrity Dimensional tolerance, Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 28 Mechanical energy Thermal energy Chemical energy Electrical energy
- 29. Case Study Dimensional tolerance,Geometric tolerance and Surface finish symbols 29 [2]
- 30. Referances Dimensional tolerance, Geometrictolerance and Surface finish symbols 30 NADCA Product Specification Standards for Die Castings / 2006 [1] GD&TWorking through the Misconceptions https://i1.wp.com/advantagegdt.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/piston_Page_2- 8x6.png [2] Understanding surface roughness symbols https://www.keyence.com/ss/products/microscope/roughness/line/roughness- symbols.jsp [3] 9/4/2014 Argonne National Laboratory / Daniel Pasholk https://www.aps.anl.gov/files/APS-Uploads/DD/Procedurals/Datums_GDT.pptx [4] GD&T PPTX http://www.itt.3d-me-ds.com/ppt/Week1_ GDT.ppt [5]
- 31. Dimensional tolerance, Geometrictolerance and Surface finish symbols 31