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- 1. Name: ………………………………,,,,,,,,…… Total Score School: ……………………………….…….… Roll No: ……………………...……………….. Republic of Somaliland Somaliland National Examination and Certification Board Form Four June 2021 TIME: 2 HOURS ANSWERS Plus 10 minutes for reading through the paper INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES: This paper consists of 10 printed pages with the cover page. Count them now. Inform the invigilator if there are any missing or extra pages. This exam consists two parts: PART ONE: Multiple Choice Question (40 marks) PART TWO: Structured Questions (60 marks) TOTAL (100 marks) Answer ALL questions No extra papers is allowed Use this page for rough work. It will NOT be marked. GEOGRAPHY
- 2. Somaliland National Examination Certificate of Secondary Education and Certification Board Geography Examination, 2021 2 ©SLNECB 2021 MUSTAFE (AGRO) AND MOHAMED (TAHARO) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
- 3. Somaliland National Examination Certificate of Secondary Education and Certification Board Geography Examination, 2021 3 ©SLNECB 2021 MUSTAFE (AGRO) AND MOHAMED (TAHARO) PART ONE: Multiple Choice (40 Marks) 1. The imaginary lines that run through East west of Globe are called a. Latitudes b. Longitude c. Meridians d. Equator 2. The professional person who deals with study of the universe is called a. Astronomy b. Astronomer c. Astrology d. Metrology 3. An ecosystem consists all of the following except a. Biological community b. Physical community c. Mechanical factor ( form two biosphere) d. Chemical factor 4. The Somaliland physical region that lies South of the Ogo and West of Sool is called a. Nugaal b. Guban c. Ogo d. Hawd 5. Conditions that are necessary for fish breeding includes a. Shallow water rich in plankton b. Hot ocean current c. Rich mineral salt water d. Top frozen water 6. The following are the basically type of soil except a. Clay soil b. Sandy soil c. Silt soil d. Black soil 7. All of the following are the aspects of rain fall in Agriculture except a. Rainfall reliability b. Rainfall distribution c. Amount of rainfall d. Amount of Dew
- 4. Somaliland National Examination Certificate of Secondary Education and Certification Board Geography Examination, 2021 4 ©SLNECB 2021 MUSTAFE (AGRO) AND MOHAMED (TAHARO) 8. Microorganisms which transmit diseases is called a. Parasite b. Pre daters c. Pathogen d. Decomposers 9. The growing of two or more crops in same piece of Land is called a. Mon crop b. Inter crop c. Horticulture d. Prenial crop 10.Which of the following countries is the largest exporter of rice a. Thailand b. India c. Pakistan d. China 11.Which of the following coal type has the largest carbon content a. Bitimonos b. Lignite c. Peat d. Authracite 12.Situations where the demand is higher than the amount supplied results a. Energy demand b. Energy resources c. Energy crises d. All of the above 13.Which of the following transport type is used to carry the light valuable items. a. Land transport b. Air transport c. Sea transport d. Pipe transport 14.All the following is the advantage of pipe transport except a. No delay of time b. Convenient amount c. Convenient cost d. No pollution Fiiro gaar ah su aashan waxa lagu saxayey A/B
- 5. Somaliland National Examination Certificate of Secondary Education and Certification Board Geography Examination, 2021 5 ©SLNECB 2021 MUSTAFE (AGRO) AND MOHAMED (TAHARO) 15.The rule by a king or Queen is known as a. Monarchy b. Aristocracy c. Democracy d. Dictatorship 16.The structure of Somaliland government is a. President , capinent , legislative b. executive, legislative , judiciary c. President, executive and judiciary d. Legislative, executive, capinent 17.The ratio of man to land is called a. Distribution b. Diffusion c. Density d. None of the above 18.The difference between birth and death is described as a. Population growth b. Population fertility c. Population mortality d. Natural increase 19.In order to be called a mineral substances must satisfy the following conditions except a. Weathering b. Crystalline solid c. In organic d. Natural occurrence 20.Horizontally or gently inclined that are dug in the hill side is called a. Shafting method b. Drift or Adit method c. Open Casting d. Shallow digging
- 6. Somaliland National Examination Certificate of Secondary Education and Certification Board Geography Examination, 2021 6 ©SLNECB 2021 MUSTAFE (AGRO) AND MOHAMED (TAHARO) PART TWO: Structured Questions (60 Marks) 1. A) Analyze the structure of the Earth? (3 marks) The crust, also known as the lithosphere, is the outer most layer of the earth The mantle also known as the Asthenosphere. It lies between the crust and core. The Core - Interior layer of the earth which is subjected to great heat and pressure B) Identify types of rock? (3 marks) Igneous rocks these are formed by the cooling and solidifying of molten magma from the interior of the earth. Sedimentary rocks are formed by the process of sedimentation. This is the process whereby sediments or small particles of broken rocks are deposited by water, wind or moving ice. Metamorphic rocks these are rocks which have been subjected to great heat and pressure. Hence they have been changed in both appearance and character. 2. A) There are a number of essential properties of maps. List any two of them (2marks) Title: this is used to tell what the map is about. Key: used to identify and interpret the signs and symbols used on that map B) The Geographic location of maps can be shown in a number of ways list any (2 marks) Two of them Geographic name- place names of the surrounding. Using direction and distance from reference points Using geographical coordinate system (latitude and longitude). C) Why scales are used in map? (2 marks) Helps map interpreter to calculate distance and area. Helps contractors and engineers to design appropriate plans. 3. A) differential between climate and weather (2 marks) Weather is the atmospheric conditions of a place over a short period of time, the scientific study of weather is called metrology Climate is the average weather conditions of a place over a long period of time, the study of climate is called climatology
- 7. Somaliland National Examination Certificate of Secondary Education and Certification Board Geography Examination, 2021 7 ©SLNECB 2021 MUSTAFE (AGRO) AND MOHAMED (TAHARO) B) Explain climate that have permanent forest through whole the year (2 marks) Equatorial climate because: It receives heavy rain fall which is conventional type of rain and High humidity all the year C) What is the difference between land and Sea breeze? (2 marks) The movement of cool air form the land to the sea during the night time is called land breeze. The movement of cool air from the sea to the land during day time is known as Sea 4. A) Evaluate the processing of tea (2 marks) Tea may be processed into two forms— green tea and black tea. If black tea is required, the leaves are allowed to ‘ferment’ to reduce the tannic acid content. • If green tea is required, the fermentation stage is omitted. B) Harvesting of tea: The young leaves at the tips of branches are the first to be picked (2 marks) C) Where Coffee is originated (2 marks) Coffee is native to tropical Africa, Madagascar, and the Comoros, Mauritius and the Reunion in the Indian Ocean. 5. Explain A) Mixed farming (2 marks) It is the growing of crops and rearing of livestock in the same farm B) Intensive farming Uses a small-sized farm with a high input to produce a high yield Per unit area. (2 marks) C) Extensive farming Extensive farming: uses small amount of input and relatively large areas of land from which lower yields are obtained per unit area(2 marks) 6. A) Explain any two advantages of Solar Energy (2 marks) Cheap- absolutely free. Easily available in all parts of the world. B) .Any two disadvantage of Solar Energy Has limited use. Solar panels are expensive. (2 marks) Su aalahaa aan qodobeeyay waa la sii yara sharxayaa
- 8. Somaliland National Examination Certificate of Secondary Education and Certification Board Geography Examination, 2021 8 ©SLNECB 2021 MUSTAFE (AGRO) AND MOHAMED (TAHARO) C) Differentiate between renewable and nonrenewable energy (2 marks) Renewable: those sources that can be regenerated and used over a long period of time. Non-renewable: are exhaustible if they are not well managed. 7. A) Compare and contrast between road and rail transport (3 marks) Road transport this is the most widespread means of land transport. It means of transportation of people and goods by motor vehicle on roads Rail way transport is the way of Transporting people and goods using trains. B) Air and Water transport (3 marks) Water transport this is the all movement of goods and people over waterways Air transport is the movement of goods and people using aircraft like aero planes 8. Explain the duties and responsibilities of A) President (2 marks) Appointing and removal of cabinet ministers. Appointing the public protector auditors. Calling special sitting of the houses of parliament Calling national referendum B) Cabinet Expound government policy Assist and advice the president of the day to day running of the government provide parliament with full and regular reports (2 marks) C) Judiciary : The judiciary shall have the power to interpret in accordance with the constitution Law passed by constitution bodies. Adjust on the dispute between government bodies and between public and Between members of public. (2 marks) 9. A) Explain any three factors that influence population distribution. (3 marks) Economic factors: Economic development results from activities such as exploitation of natural resources attracts a large population of job seekers and service providers Political factors Political unrest in many parts of the world has caused migration from certain areas. Historical factors in the 18th century, many part of East, west and central Africa were affected by slave trade. Strong young man and women were captured and sold as slaves to go work on the farms in America B) Explain any three factors influence population growth (3 marks) Fertility is the ability to produce Mortality is the number of deaths within a given population. Migration is the movement of people from one place to another resulting in a Change of residence.
- 9. Somaliland National Examination Certificate of Secondary Education and Certification Board Geography Examination, 2021 9 ©SLNECB 2021 MUSTAFE (AGRO) AND MOHAMED (TAHARO) 10. A) Explain any three factors that are necessary for the formation of petroleum? (3 marks) Presence of organic remains Presence of sedimentary rock of burying organic remains. Presence of pressure to compress organic remains. Presence of a porous reservoir rock to store and transmit petroleum to the oil B) Explain any three factors that affect exploitation of minerals. (3 marks) Value of the mineral . Size of the mineral deposit The quality of the ore END Su aalahaa aan qodobeeyay waa la sii yara sharxayaa Su aalahaa aan qodobeeyay waa la sii yara sharxayaa