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Geography 2007 PNEB (PUNTLAND NATIONAL EXAMINATION BOARD)

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Eng.Abdulahi hajji

This document is an exam for Form 4 Geography students in Puntland, Somalia. It consists of 3 parts testing different skills: multiple choice, structured questions, and extended questions. Students are instructed to answer all questions in the given spaces on the exam paper within the allotted time of 2 hours and 10 minutes. The exam covers topics such as map skills, weather, climate, natural resources, industry, trade, transport, population, and urbanization as they relate to Puntland.

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Name ............................................................. School ..................................………………… Roll Number.........................…………………. Puntland State of Somalia Ministry of Education Puntland National Examination Board Form 4 Geography Examination 2007 Time 2 hours Plus 10 minutes before the exam for reading through the paper TOTAL TIME 2 hours 10 minutes INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES This paper consists of 16 printed pages. Count them now. Inform the invigilator if there is any missing. PART ONE: 10 Multiple Choice Questions 10 marks PART TWO: 10 structured questions 50 marks PART THREE: Extended questions 40 marks • Answer ALL questions in part 1 and 2 • Answer two questions in part 3 • All answers must be written on this paper in the spaces provided immediately after each question. • Rough work can be done on page 2.This will not be marked • No extra paper is allowed • If you make a mistake, cross out the incorrect answer clearly and write your correct answer.
Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 20072 Use this page for rough work. It will not ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. be marked. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................
Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 20073 PART ONE [10 Marks]: Put a circle round the correct answer. There is only one answer for each question. 1. The permeability of a rock refers to the A) rate at which water enters a rock B) ability of a rock to dissolve water C) ability of a rock to allow water to pass through it D) amount of water in a rock 2. All the following types of climate occur in tropical regions except A) Savannah B) Tundra C) Hot deserts D) Equatorial 3. How many hours is East African Standard Time (45 degrees E) ahead of Standard Time in Ghana? A) 1 hour B) 2 hours C) 3 hours D) 4 hours 4. Which of the following is a sign that a volcano may be dormant rather than extinct? A) Steam jets on the volcano B) A deep crater without a lake C) Lava flows on the sides D) Lack of vegetation on the volcano 5. Humus in a soil is important because it A) adds acid to the soil water and speeds up rock decomposition B) lies on the surface and protects it C) helps the soil to absorb and store moisture D) encourages bacteria and insects.
Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 20074 6. Which one of the following movements occurs as a result of energy passing through ocean water? A) A long-shore current. B) An oscillatory wave C) A breaking wave. D) A high tide 7. Population density can be defined as the A) standard of living and levels of urbanization B) difference between birth and death rates. C) area of land divided by the number of people. D) rate of population increase. 8. In which of the following areas is oil most likely to occur? A) The rift valley of Africa B) Lake Victoria Basin C) The forested highlands of Puntland D) The coastal plains of Somalia. 9. The use of geothermal power means tapping A) super-heated ground water B) energy from the sun C) solar heat D) coal-fired steam plants 10.Which one of the following is classified as a heavy industry? A) Textile B) Ship building. C) Food processing D) Electronics
Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 20075 PART TWO (50 MARKS) Structured questions Instructions: Answer all the ten questions in the spaces provided. Use the map below to answer the questions that follow. Question 1 a] State the grid square in which the post office is found. (1 mark) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- b] Calculate the area of the region covered by the map. (1 mark) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Scale 1 : 50 000
Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 20076 c] Determine the bearing of the mosque from Ali High School. (2 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d] State the direction in which river Indris flows (1 mark) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Question 2 a] Explain the meaning of the word ‘Weather’. (1 mark) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- b] State any two elements of weather. (2 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- c] Briefly explain how one of the elements given in [b] above affects the weather of a place. (2 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Question 3 a ] List the three main types of rainfall (3 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 20077 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- b] Select one of the type of rainfall in [a] above and briefly explain how it forms. (2 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Question 4 State five benefits that Puntland will get as a result of conserving her natural vegetation. (5 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Question 5 List five factors that affect location of industries. (5 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 20078 Question 6 a] State any two mining methods. (2 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- b] List three benefits that Puntland would get if it were to discover petroleum today. (3 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Question 7 The table below shows items exported from country A and B.Use it to answer part [a] and [b] of this question. COUNTRY A COUNTRY B Exports Weight in tonnes Exports Weight in tonnes Maize 12,600 Lubricating oil 2,200 Coffee 9,900 Chemicals 2,100 Oil cakes 1,560 Fertilizer 5,300 Spices 750 Vehicles 3,300 __________ Wire products 2,200 __________ Paper 2,700 Total 24,900 Total 17,800 a] What is the difference in weight between the total exports of country B and the item with the least weight in country B? (1 mark) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 20079 b] Which one of these two countries is Least Economically Developed? Give a reason for your answer. (2 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- c] Calculate the percentage of export in terms of weight that fertilizer forms in country B. (2 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Question 8 List five ways in which the world’s fishing grounds can be managed and conserved. (5 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Question 9 State any five benefits of lakes to man. (5 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 200710 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Question 10 a] State the two main types of mass wasting. (2 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- b] List three negative effects of mass wasting to man. (3 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 200711 PART THREE: EXTENDED QUESTIONS 40 marks. Instructions: Answer any two questions only .Write your answer in the space provided. Each question is worth 20 marks. Question 1 a] Briefly describe how plants adapt to hot and dry conditions in semi arid and arid areas. (6 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- b] With reference to Puntland, discuss the human activities that have led to soil erosion. (7 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 200712 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- c] Suggest and explain possible ways of controlling soil erosion in Puntland. (7 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Question 2 a] Discuss any five factors that influence trade. (10 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 200713 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- b] Briefly explain the benefits of trade to a country. (10 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 200714 Question 3 a] State four other modes of transport, in addition to road. (4 marks) (i) Road (ii) ……………….. (iii) ……………….. (iv) ………………… (v) ……………….. b] Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of roads as a mode of transport. (8 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 200715 c] Discuss how transport has contributed to economic development in Africa. (8 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Question 4 a] What is population structure? (2 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- b] Mention any four factors that influence population distribution in Puntland. (4 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 200716 c] Draw a map of Puntland and on it show two areas of high population density. (4marks) d].With reference to Puntland, discuss any five problems associated with rapid urbanization. (10 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- END

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Geography 2007 PNEB (PUNTLAND NATIONAL EXAMINATION BOARD)

  • 1. Name ............................................................. School ..................................………………… Roll Number.........................…………………. Puntland State of Somalia Ministry of Education Puntland National Examination Board Form 4 Geography Examination 2007 Time 2 hours Plus 10 minutes before the exam for reading through the paper TOTAL TIME 2 hours 10 minutes INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES This paper consists of 16 printed pages. Count them now. Inform the invigilator if there is any missing. PART ONE: 10 Multiple Choice Questions 10 marks PART TWO: 10 structured questions 50 marks PART THREE: Extended questions 40 marks • Answer ALL questions in part 1 and 2 • Answer two questions in part 3 • All answers must be written on this paper in the spaces provided immediately after each question. • Rough work can be done on page 2.This will not be marked • No extra paper is allowed • If you make a mistake, cross out the incorrect answer clearly and write your correct answer.
  • 2. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 20072 Use this page for rough work. It will not ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. be marked. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................
  • 3. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 20073 PART ONE [10 Marks]: Put a circle round the correct answer. There is only one answer for each question. 1. The permeability of a rock refers to the A) rate at which water enters a rock B) ability of a rock to dissolve water C) ability of a rock to allow water to pass through it D) amount of water in a rock 2. All the following types of climate occur in tropical regions except A) Savannah B) Tundra C) Hot deserts D) Equatorial 3. How many hours is East African Standard Time (45 degrees E) ahead of Standard Time in Ghana? A) 1 hour B) 2 hours C) 3 hours D) 4 hours 4. Which of the following is a sign that a volcano may be dormant rather than extinct? A) Steam jets on the volcano B) A deep crater without a lake C) Lava flows on the sides D) Lack of vegetation on the volcano 5. Humus in a soil is important because it A) adds acid to the soil water and speeds up rock decomposition B) lies on the surface and protects it C) helps the soil to absorb and store moisture D) encourages bacteria and insects.
  • 4. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 20074 6. Which one of the following movements occurs as a result of energy passing through ocean water? A) A long-shore current. B) An oscillatory wave C) A breaking wave. D) A high tide 7. Population density can be defined as the A) standard of living and levels of urbanization B) difference between birth and death rates. C) area of land divided by the number of people. D) rate of population increase. 8. In which of the following areas is oil most likely to occur? A) The rift valley of Africa B) Lake Victoria Basin C) The forested highlands of Puntland D) The coastal plains of Somalia. 9. The use of geothermal power means tapping A) super-heated ground water B) energy from the sun C) solar heat D) coal-fired steam plants 10.Which one of the following is classified as a heavy industry? A) Textile B) Ship building. C) Food processing D) Electronics
  • 5. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 20075 PART TWO (50 MARKS) Structured questions Instructions: Answer all the ten questions in the spaces provided. Use the map below to answer the questions that follow. Question 1 a] State the grid square in which the post office is found. (1 mark) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- b] Calculate the area of the region covered by the map. (1 mark) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Scale 1 : 50 000
  • 6. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 20076 c] Determine the bearing of the mosque from Ali High School. (2 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d] State the direction in which river Indris flows (1 mark) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Question 2 a] Explain the meaning of the word ‘Weather’. (1 mark) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- b] State any two elements of weather. (2 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- c] Briefly explain how one of the elements given in [b] above affects the weather of a place. (2 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Question 3 a ] List the three main types of rainfall (3 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  • 7. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 20077 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- b] Select one of the type of rainfall in [a] above and briefly explain how it forms. (2 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Question 4 State five benefits that Puntland will get as a result of conserving her natural vegetation. (5 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Question 5 List five factors that affect location of industries. (5 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  • 8. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 20078 Question 6 a] State any two mining methods. (2 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- b] List three benefits that Puntland would get if it were to discover petroleum today. (3 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Question 7 The table below shows items exported from country A and B.Use it to answer part [a] and [b] of this question. COUNTRY A COUNTRY B Exports Weight in tonnes Exports Weight in tonnes Maize 12,600 Lubricating oil 2,200 Coffee 9,900 Chemicals 2,100 Oil cakes 1,560 Fertilizer 5,300 Spices 750 Vehicles 3,300 __________ Wire products 2,200 __________ Paper 2,700 Total 24,900 Total 17,800 a] What is the difference in weight between the total exports of country B and the item with the least weight in country B? (1 mark) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  • 9. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 20079 b] Which one of these two countries is Least Economically Developed? Give a reason for your answer. (2 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- c] Calculate the percentage of export in terms of weight that fertilizer forms in country B. (2 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Question 8 List five ways in which the world’s fishing grounds can be managed and conserved. (5 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Question 9 State any five benefits of lakes to man. (5 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  • 10. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 200710 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Question 10 a] State the two main types of mass wasting. (2 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- b] List three negative effects of mass wasting to man. (3 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  • 11. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 200711 PART THREE: EXTENDED QUESTIONS 40 marks. Instructions: Answer any two questions only .Write your answer in the space provided. Each question is worth 20 marks. Question 1 a] Briefly describe how plants adapt to hot and dry conditions in semi arid and arid areas. (6 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- b] With reference to Puntland, discuss the human activities that have led to soil erosion. (7 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  • 12. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 200712 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- c] Suggest and explain possible ways of controlling soil erosion in Puntland. (7 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Question 2 a] Discuss any five factors that influence trade. (10 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  • 13. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 200713 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- b] Briefly explain the benefits of trade to a country. (10 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  • 14. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 200714 Question 3 a] State four other modes of transport, in addition to road. (4 marks) (i) Road (ii) ……………….. (iii) ……………….. (iv) ………………… (v) ……………….. b] Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of roads as a mode of transport. (8 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  • 15. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 200715 c] Discuss how transport has contributed to economic development in Africa. (8 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Question 4 a] What is population structure? (2 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- b] Mention any four factors that influence population distribution in Puntland. (4 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  • 16. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination Puntland Certificate of Education Geography Examination June 2007 © PNEB 200716 c] Draw a map of Puntland and on it show two areas of high population density. (4marks) d].With reference to Puntland, discuss any five problems associated with rapid urbanization. (10 marks) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- END