The estimation of rainfall intensity is commonly required for the design of hydraulic and water resources engineering control structures. The intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationship is a mathematical relationship between the rainfall intensity, the duration and the return period. The present study aimed the derivation of IDF curves of Manvi Taluk of Raichur District using four Rain gauge Station with rain gauge stations with 19 years of rainfall data (1998 to 2016). The Normal Distribution, Log Normal Distribution, Gumbel distribution techniques are used to derived the rainfall intensity values of 2,5,10,15,30,60,120,720,1440 minutes of rainfall duration with different return period. The short duration IDF using daily rainfall data are presented, which is input for water resources projects.
Derivation Of Intensity Duration Frequency Curves Using Short Duration Rainfa...Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez
The estimation of rainfall intensity is commonly required for the design of hydraulic and water resources engineering control structures. The intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationship is a mathematical relationship between the rainfall intensity, the duration and the return period. The present study aimed the derivation of IDF curves of Yermarus Raingauge Station of Raichur District with 19 years of rainfall data (1998 to 2016). The Normal Distribution, Log Normal Distribution, Gumbel distribution, Pearson Type III Distribution and Log Pearsons Type III Distribution techniques are used to Find the rainfall intensity values of 2, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, 720, 1440 minutes of rainfall duration with different return period. Chi Square test was conducted to find the goodness of fit the short duration IDF using daily rainfall data are presented, which is input for water resources projects.
In this study the calculation procedure and comparative results of IDF curves for the area of Mandya are presented. Rainfall data of 19 (Ninteen) hydrological years of stations Srirangapatna, Kikkere and Bindganarole were used. Maximum rainfall frequency analysis was made by Four methods (Normal, Gumbel, Pearson type III and logarithmic Pearson type III) and subsequently the IDF curves with Four methods (two forms of excessive functions and a polynomial function) were exported. Finally, comparative testing with the IDF which were prepared by Chisquare test and it was found that the log-normal distribution suits the best fit for all the stations considered.
The IDF Curves accessible are for the most part done by fitting arrangement of yearly greatest precipitation force to parametric dispersions. Intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves represent the relationship between storm intensity, storm duration and return period. Environmental change is relied upon to intensify the boundaries in the atmosphere factors. Being prone to harsh climate impacts, it is very crucial to study extreme rainfall-induced flooding for short durations over regions that are rapidly growing. One way to approach the extremes is by the application of the Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves. The annual maximum rainfall intensity (AMRI) characteristics are often used to construct these IDF curves that are being used in several infrastructure designs for urban areas. Thus, there is a necessity to obtain high temporal and spatial resolution rainfall information. Many urban areas of developing countries lack long records of short-duration rainfall. The shortest duration obtained is normally at a daily scale/24 h. Thus, it is very crucial to find a methodology to construct IDF curves for short-duration rainfall (sub-daily) for these urban areas. The fast extension of urban area that does not have adequate preparedness to cope with climate change is certainly a big risk to life and economy. The study region lies in Karnataka India. The sub-daily IDF curves for current and future climate for the region were constructed from 1 to 24 h based on the Normal Distribution approach. Rainfall data of 23 (Twenty three) hydrological years of all stations were used. Maximum rainfall frequency analysis was made by Normal Distribution method. Finally Equations were developed for different return periods.
Intensity-Duration-Frequency Curves and RegionalisationAM Publications
Storm sewers make up a large percentage of drainage system in an urban setup. The design of these
components are based on rainfall intensities of a specific design period for that location. These can be derived from
intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationship. These IDF relationships are derived from historical rainfall, using
an extreme value distribution for maximum rainfall intensity. In the present study the IDF curves and parameter
regionalisation were studied for various kinds of basins. These equation parameters can be then used to understand
the spatial variation of rainfall intensity in the study area. The parameter contour maps subsequently generated using
various interpolation method are then used for plotting IDF curves for any ungauged station in the basin.
Changes in the hydrologic cycle due to increase in greenhouse gases cause variations in intensity, duration, and frequency of precipitation events. Quantifying the potential effects of climate change and adapting to them is one way to reduce urban vulnerability. Since rainfall characteristics are often used to design water structures, reviewing and updating rainfall characteristics (i.e., Intensity–Duration–Frequency (IDF) curves) for future climate scenarios is necessary. The present study regards the evaluation of the IDF curves for Four raingauge stations of Bangalore rural : Anugondanahalli, Devanahally, Doddabalapura and Hoskote. Starting from daily rainfall observed data, to define the IDF curves and the extreme values in a smaller time window (2, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, 720, 1440 minutes), disaggregation techniques of the collected data have been used, in order to generate a synthetic sequence of rainfall, with statistical properties similar to the recorded data. Then, the rainfall pattern of the Four raingauge stations was analyzed and IDF curves were evaluated
Analysis of rainfall intensity of kunigal taluk, tumkur district, karnataka u...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
On March 11, 2016, ICLR held a Friday Forum workshop entitled 'Mapping extreme rainfall statistics for Canada', led by Dr. Slobodan Simonovic of Western University.
Climate change is expected to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall events, affecting rainfall intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve information used in the design, maintenance and operation of water infrastructure in Canada. Presented in this lecture are analyses of precipitation data from 567 Environment Canada hydro-meteorological stations using the IDF_CC tool. Results for the year 2100 based on Canadian climate model and an ensemble of 22 GCMs have been generated. A spatial interpolation method was used to produce Canadian precipitation maps for events of various return periods. Results based on the Canadian climate model indicate a reduction in extreme precipitation in central regions of Canada and increases in other regions. Relative to the ensemble approach, the Canadian climate model results (a) suggest more spatial variability in change of IDFs, and (b) the ensemble approach generated generally lower values than the Canadian climate model.
Dr. Simonovic has extensive research, teaching and consulting experience in water resources systems engineering. He teaches courses in water resources and civil engineering systems. He actively works for national and international professional organizations. Dr. Simonovic’s primary research interest focuses on the application of systems approach to management of complex water and environmental systems. Most of his work is related to the integration of risk, reliability, and uncertainty in hydrology and water resources management. He has received a number of awards for excellence in teaching, research and outreach. He has published over 450 professional publications and three major textbooks. He was inducted to the Canadian Academy of Engineering in June of 2013.
Derivation Of Intensity Duration Frequency Curves Using Short Duration Rainfa...Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez
The estimation of rainfall intensity is commonly required for the design of hydraulic and water resources engineering control structures. The intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationship is a mathematical relationship between the rainfall intensity, the duration and the return period. The present study aimed the derivation of IDF curves of Yermarus Raingauge Station of Raichur District with 19 years of rainfall data (1998 to 2016). The Normal Distribution, Log Normal Distribution, Gumbel distribution, Pearson Type III Distribution and Log Pearsons Type III Distribution techniques are used to Find the rainfall intensity values of 2, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, 720, 1440 minutes of rainfall duration with different return period. Chi Square test was conducted to find the goodness of fit the short duration IDF using daily rainfall data are presented, which is input for water resources projects.
In this study the calculation procedure and comparative results of IDF curves for the area of Mandya are presented. Rainfall data of 19 (Ninteen) hydrological years of stations Srirangapatna, Kikkere and Bindganarole were used. Maximum rainfall frequency analysis was made by Four methods (Normal, Gumbel, Pearson type III and logarithmic Pearson type III) and subsequently the IDF curves with Four methods (two forms of excessive functions and a polynomial function) were exported. Finally, comparative testing with the IDF which were prepared by Chisquare test and it was found that the log-normal distribution suits the best fit for all the stations considered.
The IDF Curves accessible are for the most part done by fitting arrangement of yearly greatest precipitation force to parametric dispersions. Intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves represent the relationship between storm intensity, storm duration and return period. Environmental change is relied upon to intensify the boundaries in the atmosphere factors. Being prone to harsh climate impacts, it is very crucial to study extreme rainfall-induced flooding for short durations over regions that are rapidly growing. One way to approach the extremes is by the application of the Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves. The annual maximum rainfall intensity (AMRI) characteristics are often used to construct these IDF curves that are being used in several infrastructure designs for urban areas. Thus, there is a necessity to obtain high temporal and spatial resolution rainfall information. Many urban areas of developing countries lack long records of short-duration rainfall. The shortest duration obtained is normally at a daily scale/24 h. Thus, it is very crucial to find a methodology to construct IDF curves for short-duration rainfall (sub-daily) for these urban areas. The fast extension of urban area that does not have adequate preparedness to cope with climate change is certainly a big risk to life and economy. The study region lies in Karnataka India. The sub-daily IDF curves for current and future climate for the region were constructed from 1 to 24 h based on the Normal Distribution approach. Rainfall data of 23 (Twenty three) hydrological years of all stations were used. Maximum rainfall frequency analysis was made by Normal Distribution method. Finally Equations were developed for different return periods.
Intensity-Duration-Frequency Curves and RegionalisationAM Publications
Storm sewers make up a large percentage of drainage system in an urban setup. The design of these
components are based on rainfall intensities of a specific design period for that location. These can be derived from
intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationship. These IDF relationships are derived from historical rainfall, using
an extreme value distribution for maximum rainfall intensity. In the present study the IDF curves and parameter
regionalisation were studied for various kinds of basins. These equation parameters can be then used to understand
the spatial variation of rainfall intensity in the study area. The parameter contour maps subsequently generated using
various interpolation method are then used for plotting IDF curves for any ungauged station in the basin.
Changes in the hydrologic cycle due to increase in greenhouse gases cause variations in intensity, duration, and frequency of precipitation events. Quantifying the potential effects of climate change and adapting to them is one way to reduce urban vulnerability. Since rainfall characteristics are often used to design water structures, reviewing and updating rainfall characteristics (i.e., Intensity–Duration–Frequency (IDF) curves) for future climate scenarios is necessary. The present study regards the evaluation of the IDF curves for Four raingauge stations of Bangalore rural : Anugondanahalli, Devanahally, Doddabalapura and Hoskote. Starting from daily rainfall observed data, to define the IDF curves and the extreme values in a smaller time window (2, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, 720, 1440 minutes), disaggregation techniques of the collected data have been used, in order to generate a synthetic sequence of rainfall, with statistical properties similar to the recorded data. Then, the rainfall pattern of the Four raingauge stations was analyzed and IDF curves were evaluated
Analysis of rainfall intensity of kunigal taluk, tumkur district, karnataka u...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
On March 11, 2016, ICLR held a Friday Forum workshop entitled 'Mapping extreme rainfall statistics for Canada', led by Dr. Slobodan Simonovic of Western University.
Climate change is expected to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall events, affecting rainfall intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve information used in the design, maintenance and operation of water infrastructure in Canada. Presented in this lecture are analyses of precipitation data from 567 Environment Canada hydro-meteorological stations using the IDF_CC tool. Results for the year 2100 based on Canadian climate model and an ensemble of 22 GCMs have been generated. A spatial interpolation method was used to produce Canadian precipitation maps for events of various return periods. Results based on the Canadian climate model indicate a reduction in extreme precipitation in central regions of Canada and increases in other regions. Relative to the ensemble approach, the Canadian climate model results (a) suggest more spatial variability in change of IDFs, and (b) the ensemble approach generated generally lower values than the Canadian climate model.
Dr. Simonovic has extensive research, teaching and consulting experience in water resources systems engineering. He teaches courses in water resources and civil engineering systems. He actively works for national and international professional organizations. Dr. Simonovic’s primary research interest focuses on the application of systems approach to management of complex water and environmental systems. Most of his work is related to the integration of risk, reliability, and uncertainty in hydrology and water resources management. He has received a number of awards for excellence in teaching, research and outreach. He has published over 450 professional publications and three major textbooks. He was inducted to the Canadian Academy of Engineering in June of 2013.
Modelling of Short Duration Isopluvial Map For Raichur District Karnataka Moh...Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez
Everyoneacknowledges that it rains, runoff is generated for a design point of view we should know how much and how often it rains on our project location.Estimation of rainfall intensity is commonly required for the design of hydraulic and water resources engineering control structures. The present study aimed the Estimation of rainfall intensityin Raichur District using twenty five Rain gauge Station with 19 years of rainfall data (1998 to 2016). Log Normal Distribution, techniques are used to derived the rainfall intensity values of 2,5,10,15,30,60,120,720,1440 minutes of rainfall duration with different return period. The short duration IDF using daily rainfall data are presented, which is input for water resources projects. Isopluvial maps were developed for 25years, 50years, 75years and 100years return period
Engineering infrastructures such as storm water drains and bridges are commonly designed using the concept of Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves, which assume that the occurrence of precipitation patterns and distributions are spatially similar within the drainage area and remain unchanged throughout the lifespan of the infrastructures (stationary). Based on the premise that climate change will alter the spatial and temporal variability of precipitation patterns, inaccuracy in the estimation of IDF curves may occur. As such, prior to developing IDF curves, it is crucial to analyse trends of annual precipitation maxima. The objective of this study was to estimate the precipitation intensities and their uncertainties (lower and upper limits) for durations of 5min, 10min, 15min, 30min, 60min,120min, 720min and 1440min and return periods of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 years in the Upper Cauvery Karnataka India using Pearson type III Values . The annual precipitation maxima were extracted from long-term (1995–2017) precipitation data for Forty Three meteorological stations sourced from the Water resources Development Organization Karnataka. On average, the estimated extreme precipitation intensities for the Study area ranged from 5.1 mm/h for 24 h storm duration to 226.01 mm/h for 5min at 100 years return period. At 50 year return period, the intensity ranged from 5.2 mm/h for 24h duration to 225 mm/h for the duration of 5min.
Delineation of Mahanadi River Basin by Using GIS and ArcSWATinventionjournals
Precipitation is the significant segment of hydrologic cycle and this essential wellspring of overflow. In hydrological models precipitation as information, release is mimicked at the outlet of a watershed. Exactness of release re-enactment relies on drainage zone of the watershed. Therefore in the present work Mahanadi river basin lying within Odisha (drainage area approximately 65000 sq. km.) has been delineated in to five subbasins based on the five CWC operated discharge sites in Odisha. In the present work Arc-Swat has been used to delineate the watershed with the help of the (digital elevation model) DEM. At last as indicated by area of release locales, the aggregate study range was isolated into five sub-basins in particular Kesinga, Kantamal, Salebhata, Sundergarh and Tikarpada. It was observed that number of sub-watersheds into which the study area is being depicted relies on number of outlets and density of drainage. For a specific number of outlets, the thick is the density of drainage the more is the quantity of sub-watershed and the other way around.
An Attempt To Use Interpolation to Predict Rainfall Intensities tor Crash Ana...IJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: This study uses different interpolation techniques to predict rainfall intensity at locationsthat are not directly located near a rainfall gauges. The goal of being able to interpolate the rainfall intensity is to study its impact on traffic crashes. To perform the study, a collection of rainfall gauges in Alabama were used as subject locations where rainfall intensity was predicted from surrounding gauges, while also providing validation data to compare the predictions. Essentially, the actual rainfall intensities at existing gauges were interpolated using nearby gauges and the results were analyzed.The interpolation techniques used in the study included proximal, averaging and a distance weighted average. The results of the study indicated that none of the interpolation methodologies were sufficient to accurately predict the rainfall intensity values any significant distance from the actual gauges.
Land sutability for establishing rainswater harvesting systems for fighting w...José María
México, al igual que otros países, se ha visto impactado por la creciente ocurrencia de incendios forestales; así, entre otras acciones, se lleva a cabo el control aéreo de incendios mediante helicópteros, actividad que se ve limitada por la falta de agua. En este sentido, los sistemas de captación de agua de lluvia (SCALL) pueden solucionar este problema.En el presente estudio, se realizó un análisis de aptitud territorial en un SIG para establecer SCALL en el oriente del estado de México.Se eligieron cinco variables para determinar la ubicación de SCALL: velocidad de ráfaga, evaporación, distancia a caminos, escurrimiento superficial y densidad de incendios; las cuales se representaron geográficamente mediante el inverso de la distancia ponderada para las dos primeras; distancia euclidiana, Curvas Numéricas y módulo de Point Density, para las tres últimas, respectivamente.Se utilizó la metodología de clasificación para estimar los pesos de las variables y la combinación lineal ponderada para generar el mapa de aptitud.Se identificaron dos áreas con aptitudes máximas, al noreste de Ixtapaluca y al sur de Tlalmanalco. El mapa de aptitud mostró relaciones positivas en la zona norte con las variables densidad de incendios, escurrimiento y evaporación; mientras que en la zona sur, con las variables escurrimiento, evaporación y velocidad de ráfaga. La aptitud identificada definió las mejores áreas para establecer SCALL destinados al control aéreo de incendios forestales, lo que permitirá un control oportuno; así, a fin de que existan incentivos económicos para construirlos, la propuesta deberá integrarse al marco de la política forestal.
Generation of short_duration_isohyetal_maps_for_raichur_district_karnataka_ij...Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez
In raichur district log normal distribution is used to estimate the rainfall depth using 25 raingauge stations with nineteen years of rainfall data and isohyetal maps were generated for duration of 5,10,15,30,60,120,720 and 1440 minutes of different return period.
Intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves are among the most demandable information in meteorology, hydrology and engineering water resources design, planning, operation, and management works. The IDF Curves accessible are for the most part done by fitting arrangement of yearly greatest precipitation force to parametric dispersions. Intensity-durationfrequency (IDF) curves represent the relationship between storm intensity, storm duration and return period. Environmental change is relied upon to intensify the boundaries in the atmosphere factors. Being prone to harsh climate impacts, it is very crucial to study extreme rainfall-induced flooding for short durations over regions that are rapidly growing. One way to approach the extremes is by the application of the Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves. The annual maximum rainfall intensity (AMRI) characteristics are often used to construct these IDF curves that are being used in several infrastructure designs for urban areas. Thus, there is a necessity to obtain high temporal and spatial resolution rainfall information. Many urban areas of developing countries lack long records of short-duration rainfall. The shortest duration obtained is normally at a daily scale/24 h. This paper suggests their generation based on annual daily maximum rainfall (ADMR) records. Rainfall data of 23 (Twenty three) hydrological years of all stations were used. Maximum rainfall frequency analysis was made by LogNormal Distribution method.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves represent the relationship between storm intensity, storm duration and return period. The IDF curves available are mostly done by fitting series of annual maximum rainfall intensity to parametric distributions. Climate change is expected to exacerbate the extremes in the climate variables. Being prone to harsh climate impacts, it is very crucial to study extreme rainfall-induced flooding for short durations over regions that are rapidly growing. One way to study the extremes is by the application of the Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves. The annual maximum rainfall intensity (AMRI) characteristics are often used to construct these IDF curves that are being used in several infrastructure designs for urban areas. Thus, there is a need to obtain high temporal and spatial resolution rainfall information. Many urban areas of developing countries lack long records of short-duration rainfall. The shortest duration obtained is normally at a daily scale/24 h. Thus, it is very crucial to find a methodology to construct IDF curves for short-duration rainfall (sub-daily) for these urban areas. The fast extension of urban area that does not have adequate preparedness to cope with climate change is certainly a big risk to life and economy. The study region is Upper Cauvery which lies in Karnataka India. The sub-daily IDF curves for current and future climate for Upper Cauvery were constructed from 1 to 24 h based on the Gumbel’s Distribution approach. Rainfall data of 23 (Twenty three) hydrological years of all stations were used. Maximum rainfall frequency analysis was made by Gumbel’s Distribution method. Finally Equations were developed for different return periods.
Validations and applications of a CFD tool dedicated to wind assessment in ur...Stephane Meteodyn
UrbaWind is a CFD code developed by Meteodyn especially dedicated to urban wind applica-tions with an automatic meshing and boundary conditions set-up. The paper shows validations by comparisons with experimental data proposed by the Architectural Institute of Japan (Tominaga et al., 2008). The first selected case is a wind-tunnel experiment of wind past a group of blocks, and the second one is a field experiment inside a quarter Niigata (Japan). Three examples of ap-plication in the outdoor comfort assessment are presented: A pool deck of Mosaic Houston (Tex-as), Chambéry Hospital (France), Saint-Brieuc district (France).
Validations and applications of a CFD tool dedicated to wind assessment in ur...Stephane Meteodyn
UrbaWind is a CFD code developed by Meteodyn especially dedicated to urban wind applica-tions with an automatic meshing and boundary conditions set-up. The paper shows validations by comparisons with experimental data proposed by the Architectural Institute of Japan (Tominaga et al., 2008). The first selected case is a wind-tunnel experiment of wind past a group of blocks, and the second one is a field experiment inside a quarter Niigata (Japan). Three examples of ap-plication in the outdoor comfort assessment are presented: A pool deck of Mosaic Houston (Tex-as), Chambéry Hospital (France), Saint-Brieuc district (France).
Unit Hydrograph (UH) is the most famous and generally utilized technique for analysing and deriving flood hydrograph resulting from a known storm in a basin area. For ungauged catchments, unit hydrograph are derived using either regional unit hydrograph approach. Central Water Commission (CWC) derived the regional unit hydrograph relationships for different sub-zones of India relating to the various unit hydrograph parameters with some prominent physiographic characteristics. In this study, the lately developed UH model is applied located between Latitude 15º54′2′′ N to 16º16′19′′ N Latitude and 76º48′40′′ E to77º4′21′′ E Longitude. The study area covers an area of 466.02 km2, having maximum length of 36.5 km. The maximum and minimum elevation of the basin is 569 m and 341 m above MSL, respectively. The Peak discharge of unit hydrograph obtained is 171.58m3/s. The final cumulative discharge is 1669.05 m3/s.
Modelling of Short Duration Isopluvial Map For Raichur District Karnataka Moh...Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez
Everyoneacknowledges that it rains, runoff is generated for a design point of view we should know how much and how often it rains on our project location.Estimation of rainfall intensity is commonly required for the design of hydraulic and water resources engineering control structures. The present study aimed the Estimation of rainfall intensityin Raichur District using twenty five Rain gauge Station with 19 years of rainfall data (1998 to 2016). Log Normal Distribution, techniques are used to derived the rainfall intensity values of 2,5,10,15,30,60,120,720,1440 minutes of rainfall duration with different return period. The short duration IDF using daily rainfall data are presented, which is input for water resources projects. Isopluvial maps were developed for 25years, 50years, 75years and 100years return period
Engineering infrastructures such as storm water drains and bridges are commonly designed using the concept of Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves, which assume that the occurrence of precipitation patterns and distributions are spatially similar within the drainage area and remain unchanged throughout the lifespan of the infrastructures (stationary). Based on the premise that climate change will alter the spatial and temporal variability of precipitation patterns, inaccuracy in the estimation of IDF curves may occur. As such, prior to developing IDF curves, it is crucial to analyse trends of annual precipitation maxima. The objective of this study was to estimate the precipitation intensities and their uncertainties (lower and upper limits) for durations of 5min, 10min, 15min, 30min, 60min,120min, 720min and 1440min and return periods of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 years in the Upper Cauvery Karnataka India using Pearson type III Values . The annual precipitation maxima were extracted from long-term (1995–2017) precipitation data for Forty Three meteorological stations sourced from the Water resources Development Organization Karnataka. On average, the estimated extreme precipitation intensities for the Study area ranged from 5.1 mm/h for 24 h storm duration to 226.01 mm/h for 5min at 100 years return period. At 50 year return period, the intensity ranged from 5.2 mm/h for 24h duration to 225 mm/h for the duration of 5min.
Delineation of Mahanadi River Basin by Using GIS and ArcSWATinventionjournals
Precipitation is the significant segment of hydrologic cycle and this essential wellspring of overflow. In hydrological models precipitation as information, release is mimicked at the outlet of a watershed. Exactness of release re-enactment relies on drainage zone of the watershed. Therefore in the present work Mahanadi river basin lying within Odisha (drainage area approximately 65000 sq. km.) has been delineated in to five subbasins based on the five CWC operated discharge sites in Odisha. In the present work Arc-Swat has been used to delineate the watershed with the help of the (digital elevation model) DEM. At last as indicated by area of release locales, the aggregate study range was isolated into five sub-basins in particular Kesinga, Kantamal, Salebhata, Sundergarh and Tikarpada. It was observed that number of sub-watersheds into which the study area is being depicted relies on number of outlets and density of drainage. For a specific number of outlets, the thick is the density of drainage the more is the quantity of sub-watershed and the other way around.
An Attempt To Use Interpolation to Predict Rainfall Intensities tor Crash Ana...IJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: This study uses different interpolation techniques to predict rainfall intensity at locationsthat are not directly located near a rainfall gauges. The goal of being able to interpolate the rainfall intensity is to study its impact on traffic crashes. To perform the study, a collection of rainfall gauges in Alabama were used as subject locations where rainfall intensity was predicted from surrounding gauges, while also providing validation data to compare the predictions. Essentially, the actual rainfall intensities at existing gauges were interpolated using nearby gauges and the results were analyzed.The interpolation techniques used in the study included proximal, averaging and a distance weighted average. The results of the study indicated that none of the interpolation methodologies were sufficient to accurately predict the rainfall intensity values any significant distance from the actual gauges.
Land sutability for establishing rainswater harvesting systems for fighting w...José María
México, al igual que otros países, se ha visto impactado por la creciente ocurrencia de incendios forestales; así, entre otras acciones, se lleva a cabo el control aéreo de incendios mediante helicópteros, actividad que se ve limitada por la falta de agua. En este sentido, los sistemas de captación de agua de lluvia (SCALL) pueden solucionar este problema.En el presente estudio, se realizó un análisis de aptitud territorial en un SIG para establecer SCALL en el oriente del estado de México.Se eligieron cinco variables para determinar la ubicación de SCALL: velocidad de ráfaga, evaporación, distancia a caminos, escurrimiento superficial y densidad de incendios; las cuales se representaron geográficamente mediante el inverso de la distancia ponderada para las dos primeras; distancia euclidiana, Curvas Numéricas y módulo de Point Density, para las tres últimas, respectivamente.Se utilizó la metodología de clasificación para estimar los pesos de las variables y la combinación lineal ponderada para generar el mapa de aptitud.Se identificaron dos áreas con aptitudes máximas, al noreste de Ixtapaluca y al sur de Tlalmanalco. El mapa de aptitud mostró relaciones positivas en la zona norte con las variables densidad de incendios, escurrimiento y evaporación; mientras que en la zona sur, con las variables escurrimiento, evaporación y velocidad de ráfaga. La aptitud identificada definió las mejores áreas para establecer SCALL destinados al control aéreo de incendios forestales, lo que permitirá un control oportuno; así, a fin de que existan incentivos económicos para construirlos, la propuesta deberá integrarse al marco de la política forestal.
Generation of short_duration_isohyetal_maps_for_raichur_district_karnataka_ij...Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez
In raichur district log normal distribution is used to estimate the rainfall depth using 25 raingauge stations with nineteen years of rainfall data and isohyetal maps were generated for duration of 5,10,15,30,60,120,720 and 1440 minutes of different return period.
Intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves are among the most demandable information in meteorology, hydrology and engineering water resources design, planning, operation, and management works. The IDF Curves accessible are for the most part done by fitting arrangement of yearly greatest precipitation force to parametric dispersions. Intensity-durationfrequency (IDF) curves represent the relationship between storm intensity, storm duration and return period. Environmental change is relied upon to intensify the boundaries in the atmosphere factors. Being prone to harsh climate impacts, it is very crucial to study extreme rainfall-induced flooding for short durations over regions that are rapidly growing. One way to approach the extremes is by the application of the Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves. The annual maximum rainfall intensity (AMRI) characteristics are often used to construct these IDF curves that are being used in several infrastructure designs for urban areas. Thus, there is a necessity to obtain high temporal and spatial resolution rainfall information. Many urban areas of developing countries lack long records of short-duration rainfall. The shortest duration obtained is normally at a daily scale/24 h. This paper suggests their generation based on annual daily maximum rainfall (ADMR) records. Rainfall data of 23 (Twenty three) hydrological years of all stations were used. Maximum rainfall frequency analysis was made by LogNormal Distribution method.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
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Intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves represent the relationship between storm intensity, storm duration and return period. The IDF curves available are mostly done by fitting series of annual maximum rainfall intensity to parametric distributions. Climate change is expected to exacerbate the extremes in the climate variables. Being prone to harsh climate impacts, it is very crucial to study extreme rainfall-induced flooding for short durations over regions that are rapidly growing. One way to study the extremes is by the application of the Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves. The annual maximum rainfall intensity (AMRI) characteristics are often used to construct these IDF curves that are being used in several infrastructure designs for urban areas. Thus, there is a need to obtain high temporal and spatial resolution rainfall information. Many urban areas of developing countries lack long records of short-duration rainfall. The shortest duration obtained is normally at a daily scale/24 h. Thus, it is very crucial to find a methodology to construct IDF curves for short-duration rainfall (sub-daily) for these urban areas. The fast extension of urban area that does not have adequate preparedness to cope with climate change is certainly a big risk to life and economy. The study region is Upper Cauvery which lies in Karnataka India. The sub-daily IDF curves for current and future climate for Upper Cauvery were constructed from 1 to 24 h based on the Gumbel’s Distribution approach. Rainfall data of 23 (Twenty three) hydrological years of all stations were used. Maximum rainfall frequency analysis was made by Gumbel’s Distribution method. Finally Equations were developed for different return periods.
Validations and applications of a CFD tool dedicated to wind assessment in ur...Stephane Meteodyn
UrbaWind is a CFD code developed by Meteodyn especially dedicated to urban wind applica-tions with an automatic meshing and boundary conditions set-up. The paper shows validations by comparisons with experimental data proposed by the Architectural Institute of Japan (Tominaga et al., 2008). The first selected case is a wind-tunnel experiment of wind past a group of blocks, and the second one is a field experiment inside a quarter Niigata (Japan). Three examples of ap-plication in the outdoor comfort assessment are presented: A pool deck of Mosaic Houston (Tex-as), Chambéry Hospital (France), Saint-Brieuc district (France).
Validations and applications of a CFD tool dedicated to wind assessment in ur...Stephane Meteodyn
UrbaWind is a CFD code developed by Meteodyn especially dedicated to urban wind applica-tions with an automatic meshing and boundary conditions set-up. The paper shows validations by comparisons with experimental data proposed by the Architectural Institute of Japan (Tominaga et al., 2008). The first selected case is a wind-tunnel experiment of wind past a group of blocks, and the second one is a field experiment inside a quarter Niigata (Japan). Three examples of ap-plication in the outdoor comfort assessment are presented: A pool deck of Mosaic Houston (Tex-as), Chambéry Hospital (France), Saint-Brieuc district (France).
Unit Hydrograph (UH) is the most famous and generally utilized technique for analysing and deriving flood hydrograph resulting from a known storm in a basin area. For ungauged catchments, unit hydrograph are derived using either regional unit hydrograph approach. Central Water Commission (CWC) derived the regional unit hydrograph relationships for different sub-zones of India relating to the various unit hydrograph parameters with some prominent physiographic characteristics. In this study, the lately developed UH model is applied located between Latitude 15º54′2′′ N to 16º16′19′′ N Latitude and 76º48′40′′ E to77º4′21′′ E Longitude. The study area covers an area of 466.02 km2, having maximum length of 36.5 km. The maximum and minimum elevation of the basin is 569 m and 341 m above MSL, respectively. The Peak discharge of unit hydrograph obtained is 171.58m3/s. The final cumulative discharge is 1669.05 m3/s.
Statistical analysis of an orographic rainfall for eight north-east region of...IJICTJOURNAL
Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models are used to predict the rain rate for orographic rainfall over a long period of time, from 1980 to 1918. As the orographic rainfall may cause landslides and other natural disaster issues, So, this study is very important for the analysis of rainfall prediction. In this research, statistical calculations have been done based on the rainfall data for twelve regions of India (Cherrapunji, Darjeling, Dawki, Ghum, Itanagar, Kamchenjunga, Mizoram, Nagaland, Pakyong, Saser Kangri, Slot Kangri, and Tripura) from the eight states, i.e., Sikkim, Meghalaya, West Bengal, Ladakh (Union Territory of India), Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Tripura, and Nagaland) with varying altitude. The model's output is assessed using several error calculations. The model's performance is represented by the fit value, which is reliable for the northeast region of India with increasing altitude. The statistical dependability of the rainfall prediction is shown by the parameters. The lowest value of root mean square error (RMSE) indicates better prediction for orographic rainfall.
Estimation of Water Vapour Attenuation And Rain AttenuationIJERA Editor
Attenuation due to and water vapour and rain can severely degrade the radio wave propagation at centimeter or millimeter wavelengths. It restricts the path length of radio communication systems and limits the use of higher frequencies for line-of-sight microwave links and satellite communications. The attenuation will pose a greater problem to communication as the frequency of occurrence of heavy rain increases.In a tropical region, like Malaysia, where excessive rainfall is a common phenomenon throughout the year, the knowledge of the rain attenuation at the frequency of operation is extremely required for the design of a reliable terrestrial and earth space communication link at a particular location.
Probable maximum precipitation (PMP) is widely used by hydrologists for appraisal of probable maximum flood (PMF) used for soil and water conservation structures, and design of dam spillways. The estimation of design storm for example depends on availability of rainfall quantities and their durations. Daily maximum multiannual series are one of the main inputs for design streamflow calculation. The study generated annual series of Daily maximum rainfall for fourty four stations by using statical approach such as Normal distribution, Log-Normal Distribution, Pearson type III distribution and Gumbel’s Distribution .Results reveals that among the different statical approaches Log-Normal distribution fits the best compared to others. Isohyetal Maps of study area at different frequency are produced by using GIS tools, the maximum intensity varies from 2.5 mm/hr to 628 mm/hr.
Systematic Variation of Rain Rate and Radar Reflectivity Relations for Micro ...iosrjce
Understanding the detailed structure and behavior of rainfall parameters is important for improving
the efficiency of signals over an Earth-space transmission links. The use of data from weather radar is an
efficient way of observing the characteristics of rainfall. The attenuation due to rain has been recognized as one
of the major causes of unavailability of radio communication systems operating at frequencies above 10 GHz
(Ojo et.al, 2008). In this study, Two years of profile measurement of rainfall parameter using verticallypointing
micro rain radar sited at the Department of Physics, the Federal University of Technology, Akure,
(7°
15'N, 5°15'E) has been analyzed to develop empirical model of rain rate and radar reflectivity over some
heights and their effects on radio wave propagation in Akure South-West, Nigeria. The rain parameter was
observed within the heights range of 160 to 4800 m at an interval of 160 m height based on the stratiform and
convective rain type. Empirical relations in the form Z = aRb were obtained for the rainfall (R) and the radar
reflectivity factor (Z) using the least square power law regression
Estimation of TRMM rainfall for landslide occurrences based on rainfall thres...IJECEIAES
Landslide can be triggered by intense or prolonged rainfall. Precipitation data obtained from ground-based observation is very accurate and commonly used to do analysis and landslide prediction. However, this approach is costly with its own limitation due to lack of density of ground station, especially in mountain area. As an alternative, satellite derived rainfall techniques have become more favorable to overcome these limitations. Moreover, the satellite derived rainfall estimation needs to be validated on its accuracy and its capability to predict landslide which presumably triggered by rainfall. This paper presents the investigation of using the TRMM-3B42V7 data in comparison to the available rain-gauge data in Ulu Kelang, Selangor. The monthly average rainfall, cumulative rainfall and rainfall threshold analysis from 1998 to 2011 is compared using quantitative statistical criteria (Pearson correlation, bias, root mean square error, mean different and mean). The results from analysis showed that there is a significant and strong positive correlation between the TRMM 3B42V7 and rain gauge data. The threshold derivative from the satellite products is lower than the rain gauge measurement. The findings indicated that the proposed method can be applied using TRMM satellite estimates products to derive rainfall threshold for the possible landslide occurrence.
An attempt has been made to study the variability of seasonal and annual rainfall for a period of 25 years (19912015) for the upper Cauvery portion which has five districts. It can be observed that the average annual rainfall for every five years considered range from 800 to 1200mm for more than 45 percent of the area upto 2010 and from 2011-2015 it has been reduced to less than 35 percent and the percentage of area for which the rainfall range was less than 800mm was increased to 28.39 percent which was less than 14 percent from 1991-2010. The maximum portion of the area had average post monsoon rainfall between 100mm to 200mm has been from 1991 to 2010. And from 2011-2016 the maximum portion of the area has a average post monsoon rainfall less than 150mm. Some parts of Hassan, kodagu and chikkamangalore districts portions in the study area has average annual rainfall above 2000mm where as mandya district portion in the study area has annual rainfall less than 800mm and in mysore district average annual rainfall ranges from 800mm to 1500mm.
Determining The Coefficient Of Tr, Α And River Length (L) Of Flood Runoff Mod...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of mechanical and civil engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in mechanical and civil engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
On the performance analysis of rainfall prediction using mutual information...IJECEIAES
Monsoon rainfall prediction over a small geographic region is indeed a challenging task. This paper uses monthly means of climate variables, namely air temperature (AT), sea surface temperature (SST), and sea level pressure (SLP) over the globe, to predict monthly and seasonal summer monsoon rainfall over the state of Maharashtra, India. Mutual information correlates the temperature and pressure from a grid of 10 longitude X 10 latitude with Maharashtra’s monthly rainfall time series. Based on the correlations, selected features over the respective latitude and longitudes are given as inputs to an artificial neural network. It was observed that AT and SLP could predict monthly monsoon rainfall with excellent accuracy. The performance of the test dataset was evaluated through mean absolute error; root mean square error, correlation coefficient, Nash Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient, and maximum rainfall prediction capability of the network. The individual climate variable model for AT performed better in all evaluation parameters except maximum rainfall capability, where the combined model 2 with AT, SLP and SST as predictors outperformed. The SLP-only model’s performance was comparable to the AT-only model. The combined model 1 with AT and SLP as predictors was found better than the combined model 2.
Flood frequency analysis of river kosi, uttarakhand, india using statistical ...eSAT Journals
Abstract In the present study, flood frequency analysis has been applied for river Kosi in Uttarakhand. The river Kosi is an important tributary of Ganga river system, which arising from Koshimool near Kausani, Almora district flows on the western side of the study area and to meet at Ramganga River. The annual flood series analysis has been carried out to estimate the flood quantiles at different return period at Kosi barrage site of river Kosi. The statistical approach provided a significant advantage of estimation of flood at any sites in the homogenous region with very less or no data. In the at –site analysis of annual flood series the Normal, Log normal, Pearson type III, Log Pearson type III, Gumbel and Log Gumbel distribution were applied using method of moments . From the analysis of different goodness of fit tests, it has been found that the Log Gumbel distribution with method of moment as parameters estimation found to be the best-fit distribution for Kosi River and other sites in the region. It is recommended that the regional parameters for Kosi Basin may be used only for primary estimation of flood and should be reviewed when more regional data available. Keywords: Flood Frequency Analysis, River Kosi, Annual Peak Flood discharge, Return Period, Goodness of fit Test.
Comparison of Raindrop Size Distribution Characteristics Across the Southeast...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Satellite communication requires reliable estimates of the channel characteristics, especially with the future use of higher frequencies. Regardless of the rain rate, the shape of rain drop size distribution (DSD) start to considerably effect the specific attenuation. In this study DSDs are studied using ground-based two-dimensional video disdrometer measurements taken from Johor, Malaysia as well as two similar datasets from Gan and Manus, two equatorial islands. Integral rain parameters are studied to explain DSD variations across the Southeast Asia region. Slightly higher raindrop concentrations and larger diameters were observed in Johor than in Gan or Manus, which is due to Johor being affected by not only oceanic rain- fall but land rainfall as well. The measured rainfall was classified into convective and stratiform precipitation types; the results showed that the Southeast Asia region is dominated by convective rain in terms of accumulated rainfall amount, but stratiform rain occurred more frequently. Further, seasonal variations observed in Johor were insignificant and the DSD variation was mostly due to changes in percentage occurrence of the precipitation types for each monsoon season.
Similar to Generation of intensity_duration_frequency_curves_for manvi taluk raichur district karnataka (20)
In an ecosystem, there is need to establish the quantity and quality of resources and their suitability for a certain range of land uses in order to assure its future productivity and sustainability of biodiversity. Texture, pH, salinity (EC), sodicity (ESP), slope, temperature and effective soil depth were recognized as factors affecting land suitability for wheat production in the study area. Rabia method was used to generate the final Wheat Crop Suitability Map. It was found that 50.68 percentage of the area is Marginally suitable, 24.21 percent of the area is marginally not suitable, 2.56 percent is permanently nor suitable and 1.71 percent of the area is moderately suitable for the cultivation of wheat in the Upper Cauvery area.
Adequate knowledge about the hydrology is very much required for the proper planning and management of water resources in an area. Rainfall and runoff are the important constituents in determining the hydrology of an area to determine the water management strategies. SCS- CN method is a widely used method for the calculation of surface runoff considering the land use pattern, soil type and antecedent moisture condition. In the present study runoff of the Palar watershed, Karnataka state, South India has been calculated using the SCS-CN method. The watershed consists of a total area of 2872.357 km2. The maximum rainfall of 1231.67 mm in the year 2005 and a minimum of 418.7 mm in the year 2003. The average annual runoff is calculated as 218.26 mm and 626.91MCM. The rainfall- runoff correlation value is 0.8253. The study results can be effectively coordinated for the watershed management activities.
An attempt has been made to develop water quality index (WQI), using Five water quality parameters pH, Nitrates, Chloride, electrical conductivity and fluoride measured at 137 different locations in the study area rating scale is developed based on FAO standards. It was found that 133 samples have the water quality index less than 150 and 4 samples have water quality index between 150-300. By spatial variation of WQI it can be found that 97.08 percent of the water in the area is excellently suitable for irrigation.
Accurate estimation of runoff and sediment yield amount is not only an important task in physiographic but also important for proper watershed management. Watershed is an ideal unit for planning and management of land and water resources. Direct runoff in a catchment depends on soil type, land cover and rainfall. Of the many methods available for estimating runoff from rainfall, the curve number method (SCS-CN) is the most popular. The curve number depends upon soil and land use characteristics. This study was conducted in the Upper Cauvery Karnataka using remote sensing and GIS. SCSCN method has been used for surface runoff estimation for Eight watersheds of Upper Cauvery. The soil map and land use were created in the GIS environment, because the curve number method is used here as a distributed model. The major advantage of employing GIS in rainfall -runoff modelling is that more accurate sizing and catchment characterization can be achieved. Furthermore, the analysis can be performed much faster, especially when there is a complex mix of land use classes and different soil types. The results showed that the surface runoff ranged from 170.12-599.84 mm in the study area, when rainfall rates were received from 1042.65-1912 mm. To find the relationship between rainfall and runoff rates, The straight line equation was used, That was found there a strong correlation between Runoff and precipitation rates, The value correlation coefficient between them was 86%. The Average depth of runoff is more in watershed A4, Average runoff coefficient is less in Watershed B2, the correlation coefficient is high in A4 to a value of almost 95%. Through of these results, the study recommends take advantage of runoff rates by reserving them at collection of Watershed and then using them for agricultural purposes in the vicinity. This would be better than reserving water from the total area which is 10874.65 square kilometers, and then will evaporate or infiltrate before reaching the dam lake
Prioritization of watershed has Grabbed up significance in watershed management. Morphometic investigation is been usually applied to organize the watershed. In the present study upper cauvery of Karnataka with an area of 10874.65 km2 and highest order stream of 8 was considered. The area was divided into Eight Watersheds. Various morphometric parameters namely Bifurcation ratio(Rb), Drainage density (Dd), Stream frequency(Ns), Texture ratio(T), Form factor(Rf), Circularity ratio(Rc), Elongation Ratio(Re), length of overland flow, shape factor(Bs), compactness ratio (Cc) has been determined for each watershed and allotted position on premise of relationship as to arrive at a Compound value for final ranking of watershed. The morphometric parameters ranges between Rb (3.416-5.0442), Dd (1.377-1.463), Ns (1.397-1.579), T (5.2358.540), Rf (0.233-1.082), Rc (0.179-0.447), Re (0.545-1.173), Cc (1.496-2.365), Lof (0.341-0.363), and Bs (0.924-4.284). It is found that the 38.83 % of area falls under high priority category where as 42.12% of area falls under this Medium category and 19.05% of the area falls under low catergory.
Landforms together make up a given terrain, and their arrangement in the landscape is known as topography. The Study Area lies between 750 29’ 19” E and 760 37’ 40” E longitude and 110 55’ 54” N and 130 23’ 12.8” N latitude. The study area covers an area of 10874.65 km2, having maximum length of 143.73 km. Drainage density is 1.43 km/km2 hence area is of coarse texture. The length of overlandflow is less than 0.4 indicating more runoff less infiltration. The study of hypsometric properties of watershed using hypsometric integral (HI) and hypsometric curve retrieved in that, HI value is 0.57 and hence watershed falls under the Mature Stage. Circularity ratio is 0.26 which shows that the drainage area is less circular.
Runoff is one of the most significant hydrological variables used in most of the water resources applications. Physiographically the area is characterized by undulating topography with plains and valleys. The Soil Conservation Service Curve Numbers also known as hydrologic soil group method were used in this study. This method is adaptable and suitable approach for quick runoff estimation and is approximately easy to use with minimum data and it gives good result. From the study yearly rainfall and runoff were estimated easily. The study area covers an area of 466.02 km2, having maximum length of 36.5 km. The maximum and minimum elevation of the basin is 569 m and 341 m above MSL, respectively.
landform is a natural or artificial feature of the solid surface of the Earth or other planetary body. Landforms together make up a given terrain, and their arrangement in the landscape is known as topography. The Study area located between Latitude 15º54′2′′ N to 16º16′19′′ N Latitude and 76º48′40′′ E to77º4′21′′ E Longitude. The study area covers an area of 466.02 km2, having maximum length of 36.5 km.The study of hypsometric properties of watershed using hypsometric integral (HI) and hypsometric curve retrieved in that, HI value is 0.51 and hence watershed falls under the Mature Stage
Prioritization of watershed has picked up significance in watershed management. Morphometic analysis is been commonly applied to prioritize the watershed. In the present study two mini watersheds in Raichur city have been considered Mini-watershed 1 with an area of 519.32 km2 with highest order stream of 6 Mini -Watershed 2 with an area of 360.97 km2 with highest order stream of 5. There are Seven Subwatersheds in both the Mini-watersheds. Various morphometric parameters namely Bifurcation ratio(Rb), Drainage density(Dd), Stream frequency(Ns), Texture ratio(T), Form factor(Rf), Circularity ratio(Rc), Elongation Ratio(Re), length of overland flow, shape factor(Bs), compactness ratio (Cc) has been determined for each subwatershed and allotted position on premise of relationship as to arrive at a Compound value for final ranking of subwatershed. The morphometric parameters ranges between Rb (2.95-5.50), Dd (1.218-1.373), Ns (0.890-1.182), T (0.731-1.590), Rf (0.230-0.850), Rc (0.246-0.500), Re (0.55-1.04), Cc (1.40-1.83), Lof (0.364-0.411), and Bs (1.17-4.20). It is found that in Mini-watershed 1 50.87% of area falls under Very high Priority category 32.94% under high, 8.96% under medium and 7.23% under very low priority category and in Mini-watershed 2 20.34% of area falls under very high, 19.82% under high and 59.84% under medium priority category.
Unit Hydrograph (UH) is the most famous and generally utilized technique for analysing and deriving flood hydrograph resulting from a known storm in a basin area. For ungauged catchments, unit hydrograph are derived using either regional unit hydrograph approach. Central Water Commission (CWC) derived the regional unit hydrograph relationships for different sub-zones of India relating to the various unit hydrograph parameters with some prominent physiographic characteristics. The Study Area is located between Latitude 15º57′58′′ N to 16º11′25.6′′ N and 77º18′1′′ E to77º32′5.3′′ E Longitude and covers area of 360.97 km2, having maximum length of 26.17 km. The maximum and minimum elevation of the basin is 533 m and 323 m above MSL, respectively. The Peak discharge of unit hydrograph obtained is 311.469 m3/s. The final cumulative discharge is 1458.55 m3/s.
Aam Talaab also known as Maavina Kere or mango beach is one of the major attractions of Raichur. It is located between Latitude 16º10′49.5′′ N to 16º11′27.8′′ N Latitude and 77º20′36′′ E to 77º23′26′′ E Longitude and an area of 4.77 km2, having maximum length of 3.98 km. The maximum and minimum elevation of the basin is 491 m and 404 m above MSL, respectively.
The water balanced of a place, whether it be an agricultural field, watershed, or continent, can be determined by calculating the input, output, and storage changes of water at the Earth's surface. The major input of water is from precipitation and output is evapotranspiration. The water balance is intended for use as a screening tool to further evaluates water resources allocations within the watershed and to identify water balance components that may require further analysis during the next levels of watersheds planning. The study area chosen for the present study area is Doddavalabhi sub watershed which falls in Kolar taluk of Kolar district. The study areas geographically lies between 760 8’ 0” E and 760 23’ 0” E longitude and 120 20’ 0” N and 120 28’ 0” N latitudes with an area 15.20 sq.km. For the determination of crop water requirement for Kolar major crops considered are ragi and groundnut with the crop period of 120 days and 140 days respectively. The year and monthly wise potential evapotranspiration and actual evapotranspiration is calculated by using penman method, blaney-criddle method, pan evaporation and radiation methods. The year wise potential evapotranspiration calculated by Blaney-criddle is maximum 645.66 mm during 2014, in this year monthly PET is maximum in July month ie 150.4mm. The year wise potential evapotranspiration calculated by Pan Evaporation is maximum 236.43 mm during 2014, in this year monthly PET is maximum in July month ie 56.67mm. The Year wise actual evapotranspiration is also maximum during 2014 for both ragi and groundnut. Hence Blaney criddle method is best suitable since it provides the most satisfactory results compared to other methods because this method is suggested for areas where available climatic data cover air temperature data only.
In developing accurate hydro geomorphological analysis, monitoring, ability to generate information in spatial and temporal domain and delineation of land features are crucial for successful analysis and prediction of groundwater resources. However, the use of RS and GIS in handling large amount of spatial data provides to gain accurate information for delineating the geological and geomorphological characteristics and allied significance, which are considered as a controlling factor for the occurrence and movement of groundwater used IRS LISS II data on 1: 50000 scale along with topographic maps in various parts of India to develop integrated groundwater potential zone
- Morphometric analysis of the Watershed is considered to be the most satisfactory method because it enables in
understanding of the relationship of various aspects within a drainage basin. In the present study two mini watersheds in Raichur city
have been considered Mini-watershed 1 with an area of 519.32 km2 with highest order stream of 6 it flows through north of city and it
joins the streams of Krishna, Mini –Watershed 2 with an area of 360.97 km2 with highest order stream of 5 it flows through south of
city and joins Tungabhadra streams. The values of Stream frequency is 1.07 and 1.03, Form factor 0.35and 0.53, Shape factor 2.84 and
1.90, Elongation Ratio 0.67 and 0.82, Circularity Ratio 0.27 and 0.42, Drainage density 1.26 and 1.30, Length of overland flow 0.40 and
0.38 for Mini-watershed 1 and Mini-watershed 2 respectively
Prioritization Of Subwatersheds of Cauvery Region Based on Morphometric Analy...Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez
Prioritization of watershed has picked up significance in watershed management. Morphometic analysis is been commonly applied to prioritize the watershed. The present study makes an effort to organize subwatersheds dependent on morphometric characteristics using GIS techniques in Part of Cauvery region. There are twenty three Subwatersheds under this. Various morphometric parameters namely Bifurcation ratio(Rb), Drainage density(Dd), Stream frequency(Ns), Texture ratio(T), Form factor(Rf), Circularity ratio(Rc), Elongation Ratio(Re), length of overland flow, shape factor(Bs), drainage texture, compactness ratio (Cc) has been determined for each subwatershed and allotted position on premise of relationship as to arrive at a computed value for final ranking of subwatershed.
Assesment of groundwater_potential_zones_for_bruhat_bangalore_mahanagara_pali...Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez
Groundwater is an important natural resource in present day, but of limited use due to frequent failures in monsoon, undependable surface water, and rapid urbanization and industrialization have created a major threat to this valuable resource. The present work is an attempt to integrate RS and GIS based analysis and methodology in groundwater potential zone identification in the BBMP study area with an aerial extent of 715.95 km2. By Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.