Gel Strength by jarjis
Experiment Number 6: Gel Strength.
Koya University.
Faculty of Engineering.
Drilling Lab
Supervised By Muhammad Jamal
=============
This a report about Gel Strength. written by Jarjis Muhammad, Petroleum Engineering Dep. Koya University. For more Information please contact me: www.facebook.com/Jarjis.shaqlawaee
Viscosity and yield point exp. by jarjis
Experiment Number 5: Yield Point.
Koya University.
Faculty of Engineering.
Drilling Lab
Supervised By Muhammad Jamal
Determine Plastic Viscosity, Apparent Viscosity, And Yield point of a drilling fluid (mud) by using Fann VG viscometer.
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This a report about Filtration. written by Jarjis Muhammad, Petroleum Engineering Dep. Koya University. For more Information please contact me: www.facebook.com/Jarjis.shaqlawaee
Drilling engineering laboratory
The aim of the test is to know the ability of the mud to suspense the cutting during circulation stop by measuring the gel strength
Rheology model 900 viscometer Mud Engineering Exp.Jarjis Mohammed
Rheology model 900 viscometer by jarjis
Experiment Number 7: Rheological Properties using Model 900 Viscometer.
Koya University.
Faculty of Engineering.
Drilling Lab
Supervised By Muhammad Jamal
=============
This a report about Rheological Properties using Model 900 Viscometer.. written by Jarjis Muhammad, Petroleum Engineering Dep. Koya University. For more Information please contact me: www.facebook.com/Jarjis.shaqlawaee
1-To calculate plastic viscosity of the mud .
2-To calculate yield point.
Viscometer or rheometer is a device used to measure the viscosity and yield point of mud, A sample of mud is placed in a slurry cup and rotation of a sleeve in the mud.
This experiment will explain a procedure to get drilling mud with a range of density that requires for maintaining the borehole pressure as drilling goes dipper, the objective is generating a drilling mud; then it requires to rise the density by 0.1ppg and getting a drilling mud that is more dens.
Viscosity and yield point exp. by jarjis
Experiment Number 5: Yield Point.
Koya University.
Faculty of Engineering.
Drilling Lab
Supervised By Muhammad Jamal
Determine Plastic Viscosity, Apparent Viscosity, And Yield point of a drilling fluid (mud) by using Fann VG viscometer.
=============
This a report about Filtration. written by Jarjis Muhammad, Petroleum Engineering Dep. Koya University. For more Information please contact me: www.facebook.com/Jarjis.shaqlawaee
Drilling engineering laboratory
The aim of the test is to know the ability of the mud to suspense the cutting during circulation stop by measuring the gel strength
Rheology model 900 viscometer Mud Engineering Exp.Jarjis Mohammed
Rheology model 900 viscometer by jarjis
Experiment Number 7: Rheological Properties using Model 900 Viscometer.
Koya University.
Faculty of Engineering.
Drilling Lab
Supervised By Muhammad Jamal
=============
This a report about Rheological Properties using Model 900 Viscometer.. written by Jarjis Muhammad, Petroleum Engineering Dep. Koya University. For more Information please contact me: www.facebook.com/Jarjis.shaqlawaee
1-To calculate plastic viscosity of the mud .
2-To calculate yield point.
Viscometer or rheometer is a device used to measure the viscosity and yield point of mud, A sample of mud is placed in a slurry cup and rotation of a sleeve in the mud.
This experiment will explain a procedure to get drilling mud with a range of density that requires for maintaining the borehole pressure as drilling goes dipper, the objective is generating a drilling mud; then it requires to rise the density by 0.1ppg and getting a drilling mud that is more dens.
The objective of this test is to determine the bulk volume,
grain volume, pore volume and effective porosity of
interconnected pores of a core sample with the use of liquid
saturation method.
The objective of this test is to determine the bulk volume,
grain volume, pore volume and effective porosity of
interconnected pores of a core sample with the use of liquid
saturation method.
EFFECT OF ACTIVATOR RATIO ON STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF GEOPOLYMER CONCRETEIAEME Publication
Objective: To examine the impact of activator ratio on strength properties of Geo Polymer concrete, activator solution, ratio of NaOH to Na2SiO3, time of curing. Method: The mix is designed for 12 Molarity. The Activator solution used in the present study is a combination of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) solution and Sodium silicate solution (Na2SiO3) with the varying ratios 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3. The total number of specimens 81 is being cast. The Geo Polymer specimens are tested for the Compressive, Flexural and Tensile strength at the ages of 3, 7, 28 days. Finding: As there is an increment in the activator ratio the compression, tensile and flexural strengths of geopolymer concrete specimens have increased and with the increment in a time of ambient curing of GPC specimens, the strength parameters were increased. Applications/Improvements: Geopolymer concrete can be widely used in precast girders, beams, electricity poles, railway sleepers. Geo-polymer offers good resistance to fire and permeability.
SAP PARTS™ is a rapidly growing Company in the field of Precision Products serving Heavy Engineering Industry, Construction and Agricultural OEMs, based in INDIA with a mission to produce innovative and world class Mechanical Floating Seals, today SAP Parts serves major OEM’s in India as well as throughout the GLOBE.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Gel Strength Exp. Drilling Engineering, Mud Lab, Exp.
1. Petroleum engineering
Faculty of
Engineering
Koya University
Drilling Engineering
Laboratory
Experiment No. 6
Gel Strength
Date: Mar. 01th
2018
Supervised By: Prepared By:
Mr. Pishtiwan Jarjis Muhammad
Mr. Muhammad Group: B
2. Gel Strength Jarjis Muhammad
Contents:
Subject Page
Aim 3
Theory 4
Introduction to
Experiment
5
Calibration 6
Procedure 7
Calculation 8
Discussion 9
References 11
3. Gel Strength Jarjis Muhammad
Aim of the experiment:
Determine Gel strength (Rheology properties) by using VG
meter for 10 sec, 10 Min, 30 min, and 16 hours.
4. Gel Strength Jarjis Muhammad
Theory:
Gel strengths, 10-second and 10-minute, measured on the VG
meter; indicate strength of attractive forces (gelation) in a
drilling fluid under static conditions. Excessive gelation is
caused by high solids concentration leading to flocculation.
Signs of rheological trouble in a mud system often are reflected
by a mud’s gel strength development with time. When there is
a wide range between the initial and 10-minute gel readings
they are called “progressive gels”. This is not a desirable
situation. If initial and 10-minute gels are both high, with no
appreciable difference in the two, these are “high-flat gels”,
also undesirable. The magnitude of gelation with time is a key
factor in the performance of the drilling fluid. Gelation should
not be allowed to become much higher than is necessary to
perform the function of suspension of cuttings and weight
material. For suspension “low-flat gels” are desired.
5. Gel Strength Jarjis Muhammad
Introduction to Experiment:
Mud Container
Multi Rate Viscometer (Fann VG viscometer) Stopwatch
6. Gel Strength Jarjis Muhammad
Calibration:
1-we use a fluid which is called calibration fluid.
2-After putting the calibration fluid into the internal cup and
lifting it up by locking mechanism we read the RPM.
3- By the chart we have we can indicate whether we should edit
manual rotation of sleeve to read the right number or not.
7. Gel Strength Jarjis Muhammad
Procedure:
Gel Strength Measurement Procedures
1- Stir a sample at 600 RPM for about 15 seconds.
2- Turn the RPM knob to the STOP position.
3- Wait the desired rest time (normally 10 seconds or 10
minutes).
4- Switch the RPM knob to the GEL position.
5- Record the maximum deflection of the dial before the Gel
breaks, as the Gel strength in lb/100 ft2. Ib/100 ft2 x 5.077 =
Gel strength in dynes/cm2).
8. Gel Strength Jarjis Muhammad
Discussion:
Q1/ Are there any errors in this lab experiment?
Ans/
1- Human errors like fill the cup with mud more than position limits.
2- Quality of calibration fluid, to prevent this error we should get a best
quality of calibration fluid.
3- (Impure water) to prevent it we must get pure fresh water
Q2/ What are the points that increase gel strength for an oil base
drilling fluid?
Ans/ there are several points that will cause the high gel strength in the
mud system as follows. Drilling Operation Using Drill Mud • Over
treatment with organic gelling material • Build up of fine solid particles in
the mud.
Q3/ What the difference between Critical and Static gel strength?
Ans/ •Static Gel Strength - rigidity in the matrix which resists forces placed on it •
Critical Gel Strength - the gel strength which the hydrostatic column (when
accompanied by volume reduction)
Q4/ Why gel strength important in the drilling process?
Ans/ The gel strength is one of the important drilling fluid properties because it
demonstrates the ability of the drilling mud to suspend drill solid and weighting
material when circulation is ceased.
9. Gel Strength Jarjis Muhammad
Q5/ Why do we need to record the 3-rpm reading after 30
minutes?
Ans/ The reason is that the 30 minute-reading will tell us whether the mud will
significantly from the gel during extensive static periods like tripping out BHA or
not. If the mud has high gel strength, it will create a high pump pressure in order to
break circulation after the mud is static for a long time. Furthermore, increasing in a
trend of 30-minute gel strength indicates a buildup of an ultra-fine solid. Therefore,
the mud must be treated by adding chemicals or diluting it with fresh base fluid.
Q6/ What is the difference between Gel strength and Yield Point?
Ans/ Gel strength and yield point are both measures of the attractive forces in a fluid
system. The intial gel strength measures the static attractive forces, while the yield
point measures the dynamic attractive forces.
Q7/ What is the affect of mud density on gel strength?
Ans/ Gel strength is generally higher for lower density mud. The mud samples failed
at temperature of 250 F.
Q8/ How can gel strength affect mud loss?
Ans/ High gel strength can cause mud losses on connections, trips.
10. Gel Strength Jarjis Muhammad
References:
1. ASME Shale Shaker Committee.: “Drilling Fluid
Process, 2005.
2. Priston L. Moore: “Drilling Practices,” PennWell
Publishing Company Tulsa, 1988