Presentation-Halliburton

By - Mohammad Asad Tariq.
Halliburton Baroid
The Internship

© 2009 Halliburton. All Rights Reserved. 2
Contents:-
 Intro
 Chemicals
 Process
 Conclusion

-What are Drilling fluids???
- Provide hydrostatic pressure to avoid
formation fluids from entering the borehole.
- Keeping the drill bit cool
- Carrying out the drill cuttings and holding the
drill cutting when the drilling process is
paused
- Sealing of formation pores.

Types of Drilling fluids (drilling mud):-
• Oil Based Mud
• Water Based Mud

Chemicals:-
Main types of chemicals:-
• Viscosifiers
• Filtration control agent
• Bridging agent
• Weighting agent
• Shale Stabilizer
• Suspension agent
• Defoamer
• Emulsifier
• Wetting agent

Viscosifiers increase a drilling fluid's ability to remove
cuttings from the wellbore and in some cases to suspend
cuttings and weight materials during periods of
noncirculation.
Specialized viscosifiers for OBM for e.g. Geltone and WBM
e.g. Barazan D
Some viscosifiers have different specifications for E.g.
Geltone 5 acts slower and at higher temperatures then
geltone 2.

Filtration control agent:-
Used to reduce the amount of filtrate produced
from HPHT (High Pressure High Temperature) test
and reduce filter cake permeability. For e.g.
Adapta for OBM and Dextrid for WBM.
Bridging agents:-
Solids added to the mud to cover or “bridge” the
pore opening to produce a filter cake and prevent
further loss of filtrate.
e.g. Baracarb 5, Baracarb 50 (number indicates
the size of the bracarb particle in microns)

Weighting Agents:-
These are materials used to increase the density of a Mud
in order to maintain the formation pressures and stabilize
the boreholes. For e.g. API Barite, Micromax
Shale Stabilizer:-
Shale stabilizers are used in WBM to stabilize shale
formation and prevents it from swelling. It also helps
inhibit the shale cuttings. For e.g. Ez-mud.

Suspension agents:-
Helps in keeping the drill solids and weighting agents
suspended to prevent sagging.
For e.g. Suspentone
Emulsifiers:-
A product used to help water and oil mix, which won’t
normally mix and helps achieve revert emulsion.
For e.g. Ez Mul.

Processes:-
- Formulation (OBM, WBM)
- Full mud check of OBM and WBM-
1) Drilling fluid density (WBM, OBM)
2) Viscosity and gel strength (OBM, WBM)
3) Electrical Stability Test (OBM)
4) pH (WBM)
5) HPHT Filtration (OBM, WBM)
6) LPLT Filtration (WBM)
7) Retort test for oil water and solids content (OBM, WBM))
8) Chemical Analysis (OBM, WBM)
9) Ageing (Hot Roll) of drilling fluids
10) Special tests.

Formulation and Mixing:-
Equipment Needed:
Hamilton Beach
Mixer (OBM)
Silverson Mixer (OBM
and WBM More then 1
lab barrel)
Multimixer (WBM)

Mixing:-
- OBM – 50 to 60 Mins @ 6000 rpm.
- WBM – 40 to 50 mins @ 6000 rpm.
- 5 mins mixing gap between each product (
except viscosifiers and brine for 10 mins).

Calibration:-
Equipment Time Calibration Method
Silverson Mixer Every 3 months weight of the mixing screen
should >= 90 % Original
Every 3 months diameter of the rotor should be
measured <=1% original
Hamilton Beach Mixer Every month Mass of impaler blades should
be >= 90% original
Every month Record mixer speed using
tachometer, Should be >=
18000 rpm
Multimixer Every 3 months Mass of impaler blades should
be >= 90% original
Every 3 months Record mixer speed using
tachometer, Should between
11,200 rpm to 11,800 rpm

Full Mud check:-
Density of drilling fluid:
1) Using pressurized Mud balance
Equipment needed:
Pressurized Mud Balance

Calibration Method:-
1) Carry out every month.
2) Fill with water (at temperature 68°F to 72°F).
3) Balance should read 8.3 lb./gal at balanced
position. (If not, adjust calibration screw or lead
shot)

Viscosity and Gel Strength:-
Equipment needed:
FANN 35 Viscometer
-Consists of heating cup.
-It is used to calculate rheology, plastic
viscosity. yield point and gel using 6
different speeds. (600, 300, 200, 100, 6,
3).
- Usually done at 120 °F (except in some
cases at 150°F)

Electrical stability test (OBM):-
Equipment needed:
ES meter
Electrical stability test is the measure of the
emulsion of the mud. It does this by passing
a voltage across the electrode.
Calibration method:
1) Remove the electrode probe and run
test, Value of voltage should reach the
maximum.
2) Insert the probe and run again, Value
should reach maximum again.
3) Insert the probe in water and run test,
Voltage value should not be above 3.v.

pH Measurement (WBM):-
Equipment needed:
pH meter (ecotestr ph2).
Calibration:- Should give a value
of around 7 with water

HPHT Filtration:-
Equipment needed:
HPHT heating jacket (175 ml and 500 ml)
HPHT pressure regulators (top
and bottom)

 Test time: 30 mins
 MAKE SURE TO CHECK LABEL OF CELL CAP
BEFORE STARTING TEST!!!
Test
temperature
. (°F)
Minimum
back
pressure.
(Psi)
Top
pressure .
(Psi)
Cell type
(ml)
Filter
medium (3.5
inch
squared)
212 100 600 175 and 500 Filter paper
300 100 600 175 and 500 Filter paper
350 160 660 175 and 500 Glass fiber
filter paper
400 275 775 500 Porous disc
450 450 950 500 Porous Disc

API Filter press.
Equipment needed:
LPLT Frame
LPLT cell
Pressure source
Test time: 30 mins
Test pressure: 100 Psi

Retort Test:-
Equipment needed:
1)Retort cell
2)Condenser
3)Heating jacket
Calibration of retort cup;
1)Measure the volume of the cup. Should be 50
ml
Calibration of Heating jacket:-
1)Place thermocouple along with the retort in
the jacket and note down the highest temp
temperature, Should be between 860 to
1000.
2)Repeat for three consecutive cycles
Test time: More then 45 mins

Chemical analysis of OBM
Test Indicator Titrate with
Alkalinity (Lime) Phenolphthalein 0.1 mol/l sulfuric acid
Chloride Potassium chromate 0,282 mol/l silver
nitrate
Whole mud calcium
(with sodium
hydroxide)
Celver 2 0.1 mol/l EDTA
Chemical Analysis :-
- Filter the dispersed mixture if needed.

Chemical Analysis of WBM
Test Indicator Titrate with
Pf Phenolphthalein 0.01 mol/l of sulfuric acid
Pm Phenolphthalein 0.01 mol/l of sulfuric acid
Mf Methyl Orange 0.01 mol/l of sulfuric acid
Chlorides Potassium Chromate 0.0282 or 0.282 mol/l
silver nitrate
Whole mud Calcium (with
Sodium Hydroxide)
Celver 2 0.01 mol/l of EDTA

Ageing (Hot Roll) of drilling fluids:-
Equipment needed:
1) Ageing cell
2) Hot roll oven
Ageing time: Varied upon request, Usually
16 to 24 hrs.
Amount: 1 Lab Barrel (350 ml)
Important to check label on ageing cell
cap.

Special Test:-
PPT:
• Equipment needed:
• PPT Heating Jacket
• PPT cell
• Hydraulic Pump
• Ceramic Filter disc (pore size depend on request)
Max temperature: 500 °F
Max Pressure: 5000 Psi
IMPORTANT TO CHECK
THE RUPTURE DISC I.D ON
CELL BEFORE STARTING
TEST.

Special test:-
• Shale test (LSM)
• Fann 77 and 75
• Dynamic HPHT
• Lubricity Test
• Sag test

By - Mohammad Asad Tariq.
Halliburton Baroid
CONCLUSION.

References:-
Books:
API recommended practice 13 B-1 and 13 B-2
URL:
1) http://www.bakerhughes.com/products-and-
services/drilling/drilling-fluids/water-based-fluids
2) http://www.halliburton.com/en-US/ps/baroid/fluid-
services/default.page
Personnel:
1) Abdullah Mohammad Jawahar
2) Mohd Nuradi

QUESTIONS??

Presentation-Halliburton

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