Hi I am shiv kumar from sengunthar Engineering college I am doing the project replacement the concrete oil palm shell aggregate concrete

1. Department of Civil Engineering
EFFECT OF MIX RATIOAND CURING WATER ON THE STRENGTH OF OIL
PALM SHELLAGGREGATE CONCRETE
Batch Members: Under the Guidance of
Shiv kumar mali(202011004) Mr.S.Anandkumar
ThanikaivelanGS (202011005) Asst. Professor /Department of Civil
Bharath SV (202011303) Engineering,
SEC
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Sengunthar Engineering College
(An Autonomous Institution)
Approved by AICTE, New Delhi and Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai
Recognized Under Section 2 (f) and 12(B) of the UG C Act 1956
Accredited by NAAC with ‘A’ Grade
Kosavampalayam, Kumaramangalam (PO)
Tiruchengode - 637 205, N amakkal, Tamil N adu
www.scteng.co.in | info@scteng.co.in

2. ABSTRACT
 Oil palm shell (OPS) is a waste lightweight aggregate originating
from the palm oil industry, which is approximately 50% lighter
than conventional aggregate. In this study, crushed old OPS was
used as coarse aggregate. Compressive strength under different
curing conditions and the splitting tensile and flexural strengths
were compared with those of the normal weight granite concrete.
 In this study, the compressive strengths and Modulus of elasticity
of lightweight Concrete with oil palm shells as partial replacement
of coarse aggregate was presented. The different types of mixing
water were used, namely, ground water and RO water from
Sengunthar Engineering College, Tiruchengode as well as Cauvery
river water. Also three mix ratios were adopted which include
1:2:4, 1:1.5:3 and 1:2.35:4.24 mix ratios.
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3. INTRODUCTION
 Abundant agricultural wastes are a problem in some countries;
such wastes may damage the environment when they are not
pretreated. However, farming left over, such as oil palm shell
(OPS), can be utilized as an alternative construction material. In
tropical countries, such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and
Nigeria, agricultural residues from the palm oil industry, known as
OPS is available in large quantities. Numerous investigations have
been demonstrated to manifest the benefits of using such waste as a
lightweight aggregate (LWA) to fabricate LWA concrete (LWAC).
 In this way, we also try to use the prosopis juliflora ash as a
Puzzolona for replacing the cement and study the Characteristics of
Concrete.
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4. OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
 To have an alternative binder instead of aggregate in Concrete
 To Replacing coarse aggregate with Oil palm shell binder
 To compare and analyse the behaviour of Oil Palm Shell
Concrete beam with that of Ordinary Portland Cement Concrete
(OPCC) beam.
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5. LITERATURE REVIEW
 “Effect of Curing Methods on the Compressive Strengths of Palm
Kernel Shell Concrete” (2021) by Odeyemi S., Abdulwahab R.,
Anifowose M., and Atoyebi O.D. in Civil Engineering and
Architecture.
 Appropriate curing of concrete is necessary to obtain maximum
durability and achieve designed strength for concrete exposed to
different environmental conditions. Curing is regarded as the
means of regulating the degree and extent of loss of moisture from
concrete when the cement in the concrete is undergoing hydration.
This study made a comparative study of the consequence of
adopting different methods of curing on the compressive strength
of concrete modified with Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) aggregate.
Concrete cube specimens of mix ratio 1:1:2 were cast with water-
cement ratio of 0.55.
 More Literature Review
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6. MATERIALS AND TOOLS USED
• MATERIALS USED:
 SAND
 AGGREGATE
 CEMENT
 WATER
 OIL PALM SHELL
• MACHINERIES USED:
 Universal Testing Machine (UTM)
 Compression Testing Machine (CTM)
TOOLS USED:
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 TROWEL
 MORTAR PAN
 MEASURING JAR WITH BEAKER
 TAMPING ROD
 WEIGHING BALANCE

7. TESTING OF MATERIALS
• Testing of Cement :-
– Initial Setting Time
– Normal Consistency
• Testing of Sand :-
– Observation of Specific Gravity
– Fineness Modulus of Sand
• Testing ofAggregate :-
– Observation of Specific Gravity
– Fineness Modulus of CoarseAggregate
– Water absorption test for CoarseAggregate
• Testing of Water :-
– pH Value
– Turbidity
– TDS
– Estimation Of Chloride
– Estimation Of Residual Chlorine
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8. 8
FUTURE SCOPE OF WORK
 In Phase – II, following works will be carried.
 Compression test on Cube
 Split Tensile Strength of Cylinder
 Flexure Strength of Beam
 Load vs Deflection Comparison

9. QTY OF MATERIALS FOR CONCRETE
(REPLACEMENT WITH OPS)
Quantity of Materials based on Replacement of Oil Palm Shell in%
PercentageofAdding
OilPalmShell(%)
Water(kg/m
3)
Cement
(kg/m3)
FineAggregate(kg/m
3)
CoarseAggregate(
kg/m3)
Quantityofoilpalm
shell(kg/m3)
10 150 350 800 1200 150.6
20 150 350 800 1100 260.2
30 150 350 800 950 405.5
40 150 350 800 800 505.2

10. CUBE MOULD
Cube Mould:
The cube mould test is a method used to determine the compressive strength of concrete.
Here's a simplified process
Prepare Moulds: Clean and lubricate cube moulds to prevent concrete from
sticking.
Mix Concrete: Prepare concrete mix according to specifications.Fill Moulds: Fill the
moulds with concrete in layers, compacting each layer thoroughly
Cure: Cure the concrete cubes in a controlled environment, usually in water, for a
specified period.Demould: After curing, carefully demould the cubes
Test: Take the cubes to a testing lab and subject them to compressive strength tests
using a compression testing machine.Record Results: Record the maximum load applied
before the cube fails.
Calculate Strength: Calculate the compressive strength of the concrete based on
the maximum load and dimensions of the cubes.This test helps ensure the concrete's
quality and suitability for its intended use

11. CUBE MOULD TEST
Determine Target Strength:
For M25 grade concrete, the target compressive strength is usually around 25
MPa (megapascals) at 28 days.
Choose Water-Cement Ratio (w/c):
Based on the environmental conditions, exposure conditions, and other factors,
select an appropriate water-cement ratio. For M25, a typical range might be 0.45 to
0.55.
Cube Casting and Testing:
Once the mix design is finalized, cast cubes of standard size (usually 150x150x150
mm) and cure them under controlled conditions. After curing, test the cubes for
compressive strength at the specified age (typically 28 days)
It's important to note that mix design involves various factors including aggregate
grading, properties of materials, and environmental conditions. Therefore, consulting
relevant standards and guidelines specific to your location and project requirements is
essential for accurate mix design

13. FILLING MATERIALS

14. CYLINDER MOULD TEST
Cylinder Mould Test:
The cylinder mould test for M25 grade concrete involves casting cylindrical
specimens from fresh concrete, curing them, and then testing them for compressive
strength at a specific age, usually 28 days. Here's a general outline of the process

15. Casting of Specimens: Pour the fresh concrete into cylindrical moulds. The standard
size of the cylinder mould is 150 mm diameter and 300 mm height. Fill the moulds in
layers and compact each layer properly to remove any air voids.
Curing: After casting, cover the moulds with a damp cloth or plastic sheet to prevent
moisture loss and maintain a favorable curing environment. Cure the specimens in a
curing tank or under wet burlap for a specific period, typically 24 hours.
Demoulding: After the initial curing period, carefully remove the specimens from the
moulds without causing any damage.Further Curing: Continue curing the specimens
under controlled conditions, usually in a water tank or moist chamber, until the testing
age is reached

16. Compressive Strength Of Concrete Cube After 7 Days
Concrete Grade-M25
For 7 days = 60/100*25 = 15Nmm^2
Check the Dimension of cube = Width,Height,Length
= 150mm,150mm,150mm
Testing Surface Area = Width*Length
= 150mm*150mm
= 22500mm^2
Calculate the Volume of Cube = Width*Length*Height
= 150mm*150mm*150mm
=3375000mm^3
=0.003375m^3

17. Calculate the density of cube
• Volume of cube = 0.003375m^3
• Weight of cube = 8.492kg
• Density of cube = 8.492kg/0.003375m^3
= 2516kg/m^3
Calculate compressive strength of cube
• Maximum failure load = 816.1kn
• Testing surface area = 22500mm^2
• Compressive strength of cube = 816.1kn/22500mm^2
= 36.2N/mm^2

18. COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE CUBE AFTER 14
DAYS
For 14 days = 85/100*25 = 21Nmm^2
Check the Dimension of cube = Width,Height,Length
= 150mm,150mm,150mm
Testing Surface Area = Width*Length
= 150mm*150mm
= 22500mm^2
Calculate the Volume of Cube = Width*Length*Height
= 150mm*150mm*150mm
=3375000mm^3
=0.003375m^3

19. Calculate the density of cube
• Volume of cube = 0.003375m^3
• Weight of cube = 8.51kg
• Density of cube = 8.51kg/0.003375m^3
= 2521kg/m^3
Calculate compressive strength of cube
• Maximum failure load = 810.1kn
• Testing surface area = 22500mm^2
• Compressive strength of cube = 810.1kn/22500mm^2
= 36.N/mm^2

20. Project Plan
Phase Activity
Project
Completion
(in %)
First Review
Title confirmation, Abstract, Introduction
about the project, Future work
30 % (upto 1st
review)
Second Review
Material Collection, Testing of Materials
and Result.
60 % (upto 2nd
review)
Third Review
Material Collection, Testing of Materials
and Result.
90 % (upto 3rd
review)
Model Viva Voce
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21. 21
Thank You