gastritis, causes, types, sign and symptoms pathophysiology, complication, treatment, nursing interventions

1. Prepared by
Mehwish Jamil
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GASTRITIS

2.  At the end of this session students will be able to:
 Define of Gastritis
 Discuss Pathophysiology of Gastritis
 Enlist Signs and symptoms of Gastritis
 Explain the Types of Gastritis
 Enlist Complications of Gastritis
 Discuss Medical and surgical management of Gastritis
 Describe Nursing diagnosis and intervention of Gastritis
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OBJECTIVES

3.  Definition
Gastritis is inflammation of the gastric or stomach
mucosa.
 Pangastritis is an inflammation of the entire stomach
wall.
 Antral gastritis is an inflammation of the antral portion(a
part) of the stomach of unknown etiology.
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GASTRITIS

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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Gastric mucous membrane
become edematous and hyperemic
undergoes superficial erosion
Secretes scanty amount of gastric juice
Superficial ulceration
Hemorrhage

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8. Acute
chronic
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TYPES OF GASTRITIS

9.  Acute gastritis
Acute gastritis is a sudden inflammation or swelling in
the lining of the stomach.
 Divided into
 Acute superficial gastritis
 Acute erosive gastritis
 Acute gastric ulceration
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CONTI…

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12. dietary indiscretion( a person eats food that is
irritating, too highly seasoned, or contaminated
with disease-causing microorganisms)
 overuse of aspirin
 Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs),
 Excessive alcohol intake
 bile reflux
 radiation therapy
 severe form(the ingestion of strong acid or alkali,
which may cause the mucosa to become
gangrenous or to perforate)
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CAUSES OF ACUTE GASTRITIS

13.  Acute gastritis also may develop in acute
illnesses, especially when the patient has had
major traumatic injuries
burns
severe infection
hepatic, renal, or respiratory failure
or major surgery.
Note: Gastritis may be the first sign of an acute
systemic infection.
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CONTI…

14.  Scarring ___ pyloric stenosis or obstruction
 Bleeding
 Ulceration
 Perforation
 Anemia
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COMPLICATIONS OF ACUTE GASTRITIS

15. Chronic gastritis
Chronic gastritis is a long-term condition in which
the mucus lined layer of the stomach, also known as the
gastric mucosa, is inflamed or irritated over a longer period
of time.
Divided into
 Type A chronic gastritis (autoimmune gastritis)
 Type B chronic gastritis (Bacteria induced gastritis)
 Type C Chronic gastritis (chemical induced gastritis)
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CONTI…

16.  Benign or malignant ulcers of the stomach
 Bacteria Helicobacter pylori
 associated with autoimmune diseases(such as pernicious
anemia)
 dietary factors (such as caffeine)
 alcohol
 smoking
 chronic reflux of pancreatic secretions and bile into the
stomach.
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CAUSES OF CHRONIC GASTRITIS

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21. Subtotal gastrectomy
Pyloroplasty
Vagotomy
Total gastrectomy
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SURGICAL MANAGEMENT

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ANY QUESTION!

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THANK YOU!